Black and red ware culture

History of South Asia History of India
Stone age (7000–3000 BCE) Mehrgarh Culture (7000–3300 BCE)
Bronze age (3000–1300 BCE) Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BCE)  – Early Harappan Culture (3300–2600 BCE)  – Mature Harappan Culture (2600–1900 BCE)  – Late Harappan Culture (1700–1300 BCE) Ochre Coloured Pottery culture (from 2000 BCE) Swat culture (1600–500 BCE)
Iron age (1200–26 BCE) Vedic Civilization (2000–500 BCE)  – Black and Red ware culture (1300–1000 BCE)  – Painted Grey Ware culture (1200–600 BCE)  – Northern Black Polished Ware (700–200 BCE)  – Maha Janapadas (700–300 BCE) Magadha Kingdom (684–424 BCE) Ror Kingdom (450 BC–489 AD) Nanda Empire (424–321 BCE) Pandya Empire (300 BCE–1345 CE) Chera Kingdom (300 BCE–1102 CE) Chola Empire (300 BCE–1279 CE) Maurya Empire (321–184 BCE) Pallava Empire (250 BCE–800 CE) Sunga Empire (185–73 BCE) Kanva Empire (75–26 BCE) Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire (250s BCE–400s CE) Satavahana Empire (230–220 BCE) Kuninda Kingdom (200s BCE–300s CE) Indo-Scythian Kingdom (200 BCE–400 CE) Indo-Greek Kingdom (180 BCE–10 CE)
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The black and red ware culture (BRW) is an early Iron Age archaeological culture of the northern Indian subcontinent. It is dated to roughly the 12th – 9th century BCE, and associated with the post-Rigvedic Vedic civilization.

In some sites, BRW pottery is associated with Late Harappan pottery, and according to some scholars like Tribhuan N. Roy, the BRW may have directly influenced the Painted Grey Ware and Northern Black Polished cultures. BRW pottery is unknown west of the Indus Valley.

Use of iron, although sparse at first, is relatively early, postdating the beginning of the Iron Age in Anatolia (Hittites) by only two or three centuries, and predating the European (Celts) Iron Age by another two to three hundred years. Recent findings in Northern India show Iron working since 1800 BC According to Shaffer, the "nature and context of the iron objects involved [of the BRW culture] are very different from early iron objects found in Southwest Asia."

It is succeeded by the Painted Grey Ware culture.

See also

• Kuru (India)

References

• Shaffer, Jim. Mathura: A protohistoric Perspective in D.M. Srinivasan (ed.), Mathura, the Cultural Heritage, 1989, pp. 171–180. Delhi.

External links

• The origins of iron-working in India: new evidence from the Central Ganga Plain and the Eastern Vindhyas by Rakesh Tewari (PDF)
• India Heritage - Earthenware and Pottery