Blue rose

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A blue rose is a flower of the genus Rosa (family Rosaceae) that presents blue to violet pigmentation and also the Morganus Clarke sunflower seed disposition, instead of the more common red or white. Blue roses do not exist in nature. False blue roses were traditionally created by dyeing white roses, since the flower lacks the gene that produces true blue flowers.In a book by Ibn al Awam, which was written in the twelfth century, translated into French by J. J. Clement entitled Le livre de l'agriculture. the book speaks of azure blue roses that were known to the orient. These blue roses were attained by placing a blue dye into the bark of the roots. This process is explained in the book and has been proven to work by Joret, a very knowledgeable french scientist. Nominal "blue roses" have been bred by conventional hybridization methods, but the results, such as "Blue Moon" are more accurately described as lilac in color.

After 13 years of joint research by an Australian company Florigene, and Japanese company Suntory, a blue rose was created in 2004 using genetic engineering. Years of research resulted in the ability to insert a gene for the plant pigment delphinidin cloned from the petunia and into an Old Garden Cardinal de Richelieu rose. Obtaining the exact hue was difficult because amounts of the pigment cyanidin were still present, so the rose was darker in color than true blue.^[1] Recent work using RNAi technology to depress the production of cyanidin has produced a mauve colored flower, with only trace amounts of cyanidin.^[2] Genetically modified blue roses are currently being grown in test batches by Suntory Ltd., according to company spokesman Atsuhito Osaka. ^[3]

Contents 1 Significance 2 Blue roses in contemporary culture 3 Literature 4 Film 5 Television 6 Video games 7 Use in graphic design 8 References 9 External links

[edit] Significance

In some cultures, blue roses traditionally signify a mystery, or attaining the impossible, or never ending quest for the impossible. They are believed to be able to grant the owner youth or grant wishes. Historically, this symbolism derives from the rose's meaning in the language of flowers common in Victorian times. Blue roses also convey inner feelings of love at first sight, being enchanted by something or someone. The color blue is also traditionally associated with royal blood, and thus the blue rose can also denote regal majesty and splendor. Elaborate use of this symbolism is adopted by Ken Roberts in his book "A Rich Man's Secret". In Chinese folklore, the blue rose signifies hope against unattainable love. ^[4]

[edit] Blue roses in contemporary culture

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[edit] Literature

• Novalis' unfinished novel Heinrich von Ofterdingen begins with the titular character's dream of a blue flower. This was the inspiration for subsequent use of this symbol in Europe.
• Rudyard Kipling's poem "Blue Roses" uses these flowers as a symbol of the unattainable.
• The Glass Menagerie details the life of a character suffering from pleurisy as a teenager. When a former classmate tells her that he interpreted the word as "blue roses", this becomes his nickname for her.
• In David Eddings' Elenium and Tamuli series, the Bhelliom is a large blue sapphire, cut into the shape of a rose, that contains immense power. When Sparhawk speaks to the Bhelliom, he always addresses it as Blue Rose, following the tradition of the troll-dwarf Ghwerig who sculpted the Bhelliom.
• In the book series A Song of Ice and Fire, blue roses symbolize the character Lyanna Stark.
• Operating in Tsarist Russia, The Blue Rose was a symbolist art movement of the early twentieth century (with influences from impressionism).
• The mystery novels Koko and The Throat by Peter Straub comprise the Blue Rose Trilogy. Blue roses are also a key part of one of the events described in his short story Bunny Is Good Bread, which depicts the childhood of Fielding "Fee" Bandolier, one of the characters in the Blue Rose Trilogy.

[edit] Film

• Blue roses are important symbolical elements in David Lynch's film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me.
• A version of the film Beauty and The Beast shows the Beast giving Belle a blue rose when he changes back to human form.
• In the movie I Know Who Killed Me, Lindsay Lohan's character is given a bouquet of blue roses.
• The 1940 movie The Thief of Baghdad features the "Blue Rose of Forgetfulness".
• In the Japanese tokusatsu movie Kamen Rider Kabuto: God Speed Love, the gold Kamen Rider Caucasus is often seen with a single blue rose, which he employs as a weapon.

[edit] Television

• In the United States television series 'Jersey Shore' JWOWW recieves a bouquet of the roses from her boyfriend Tommy.

• In the United States television series Supernatural, Sam Winchester stays at a motel called The Blue Rose in episode 2.10.

• In the United States television series The Simpsons, Marge wants blue roses for her fourth wedding to Homer. She is told they don't exist, but due to some "frantic genetic engineering", she eventually gets them. They snarl at the florist, only to be told, "You're a plant now."

• In Japan, blue rose was used in the anime Yes! Pretty Cure 5 GoGo. It was said that blue roses are a symbol of secrecy.

• In the telvison series Aladdin, the blue rose of forgetfulness from the movie The Thief of Bagdad makes an appearance.

• In the anime series Blood+, blue roses are manufactured artificially by the pharmaceutical company Cinq Fleshe, and are commonly pictured with the character Diva.

• In the anime Full Metal Alchemist episode "A Forger's Love", a woman named Karin created blue roses through many years of breeding and a mix of alchemy

• In the anime Revolutionary Girl Utena, the character Miki Kaoru wears a blue rose when dueling, symbolizing his youth, purity, and naivete about the world around him (both sexually and socially).

• In the anime series Paradise Kiss, a man named George designs a dress full of blue-dyed roses, saying that blue roses symbolize mystery.

[edit] Video games

• The video game Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots uses blue roses to symbolize the products of genetic engineering or human tampering with nature: the genetic researcher Naomi Hunter is shown working in a lab surrounded by trellises covered with the flowers, and when struck the Beauties of the Beauty and the Beast Corps emit a shower of blue rose petals. Solid Snake, himself a product of genetic engineering, calls himself a blue rose.

[edit] Use in graphic design

Blue roses adorn many printed ceramics and have done so since under-glaze blue printing became a common mode of decoration in the 1700s. In the late 1960s Wedgwood produced a range of bone china decorated with blue roses, the so-called "Ice Rose" design.

Since 1970 the blue rose has featured predominantly on bed linen, lingerie, printed flannelette, printed tablecloths, headscarves, handkerchiefs, gros point tapestry designs, packaging and printed toilet paper. The blue rose appears to have held a particular fascination for the designers of printed textiles; at certain times, for example the 1970s, the blue rose far outstripped roses of a more natural colour as a popular design motif.

The Blue Rose Poster was a popular psychedelic poster produced for a 1978 Grateful Dead concert.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Rudyard Kipling's poem on the lack of blue roses
• Poem and information on blue roses