List of Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to the Holy See
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In 1914 the United Kingdom re-established diplomatic relations with the Holy See after a 380-year break that began in 1534. Britain's envoy was upgraded to ambassadorial rank in 1982. Until then, the diplomatic representative of the United Kingdom had the rank of Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.
The UK kept an "unofficial official" in Rome from the mid-nineteenth century as a representative to the Papal States.[1] In 1874, due to the Roman Question, the Conservative government withdrew this representative, reasoning it not cost-effective to maintain a representative to a "non-existent state".[1] Missions between 1874 and 1914 were designated "special and temporary".[1] A minister was sent to the papal court during World War I to court the favour of the papacy vis-a-vis the Triple Entente.[1] The mission was maintained after the war for the perceived value of its prestige (a "quite place for a not very distinguished diplomat") and the conflicts in Ireland, Malta, Quebec, and Australia, which had Catholic dimensions.[1] As the "troubles of Malta" escalated, the post was filled with more experienced and respected diplomats.[1]
Because there was already an ambassador in Rome (to Italy), the diplomat to the Holy See was not permitted to bear the title of "Ambassador" until 1982.[2] The Minister was always a Protestant.[3]
Contents |
[edit] List of Heads of Mission
[edit] Attachés resident at Rome
The United Kingdom was represented at Rome by an Attaché to the legation at Florence resident at Rome.[4]
- 1832-1844: Thomas Aubin[4]
- 1844-1853: William Petre[4]
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[edit] Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary
- 1863–1867: Hon. Sir Henry Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound
- 1914–1916: Sir Henry Howard
- 1916–1923 John Francis Charles, 7th Count de Salis-Soglio
- 1922–1928: Hon. Sir Odo Russell
- 1928–1930: Sir Henry Chilton
[edit] Chargé d’Affaires
- 1930–1932: George Ogilvie-Forbes
- 1932–1933: Sir Ivone Kirkpatrick
[edit] Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary
- 1933–1934: Sir Robert Clive
- 1934–1936: Sir Charles Wingfield
- 1936–1947: Sir D'Arcy Osborne
- 1947–1951: Sir John Victor Thomas Woolrych Talt Perowne
- 1951–1954: Sir Walter Roberts
- 1954–1957: Sir Douglas Howard
- 1957–1960: Sir Marcus Cheke
- 1960–1965: Sir Peter Scarlett
- 1965–1970: Sir Michael Williams
- 1970–1975: Desmond Crawley
- 1975–1977: Dugald Malcolm
- 1978–1980: Geoffrey Crossley
- 1980–1982: Sir Mark Heath
[edit] Ambassadors
- 1982–1985: Sir Mark Heath
- 1985–1988: David Lane
- 1988–1991: John Broadley
- 1991–1995: Andrew Palmer
- 1998–2002: Mark Pellew
- 2002–2005: Kathryn Colvin
- 2005–present: Francis Campbell
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
- Chadwick, Owen. 1988. Britain and the Vatican During the Second World War. Cambridge University Press.
