Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
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Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee (Bengali: বুদ্ধদেব ভট্টাচার্য) (also spelt Buddhadeb Bhattacharya) (born March 1, 1944) is an Indian Communist politician, who has served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal (India) since November 6, 2000. He is also a member of the politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
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[edit] The Chief Minister
Born in 1944 in north Calcutta, the chief minister belongs to a family which had produced another famous son. Revolutionary poet Sukanta Bhattacharya was his father's cousin. A former student of Sailendra Sirkar Vidyalaya. Soon after graduating from Presidency College, Kolkata in 1964 pass B.A.), he joined the CPI-M as a primary member. Besides taking active part in the food movement, he also supported Vietnam's cause in 1968. He was appointed state secretary of the Democratic Youth Federation, the youth wing of the CPI(M) that was later merged into the Democratic Youth Federation of India.
In 1977, he was elected as a Legislative Assembly Member for the first time. His constituency then was Cossipore. It was the first time that the CPI(M)-led Left Front came to power in West Bengal. He was given charge of the ministry of information and culture; it was his favorite position and during his tenure he contributed to Bengali theatre, movies and music. After losing the 1982 assembly election from Cossipore, he changed his constituency to Jadavpur in 1987. The move was successful; he won comfortably and regained his post.
Bhattacharya is also known to be a passionate cricket fan. An avid traveller, he has toured extensively in China, the erstwhile Soviet Union, Cuba, Vietnam, Great Britain, France and Singapore. Bhattacharyya and his wife Meera have a daughter, Suchetana who is an environment and wildlife activist. He has refused to move to the designated residence of Chief Minister in honour of party patriarch Jyoti Basu(who still occupies it) and continued working from his one bed-room Lower Income Group government quarter at Palm Avenue,Kolkata.
In 1993,Buddhadeb tendered his resignation from the state cabinet due to a significant difference of opinion with Jyoti Basu. However, there has never been any conclusive evidence on reasons behind his leaving the cabinet and party's decision to bring him back within a couple of years. It is during this period, Buddhadeb has written a critique of poetry written by Jibanananda Das, the legendary bengalee poet named "Hridayer Shabdoheen Jyotsna-r Bhitor".
In 1996, the CPI-M won the West Bengal assembly elections for the fifth consecutive time. Bhattacharya was once again appointed information and culture minister, but with additional authority over the home ministry. Basu continued looking after home.
Not only did the two leaders (Jyoti Basu and Bhattacharya) become closer during this period, Bhattacharya also matured as a politician. He is considered to be one of the few leaders who is both moderate and efficient and can balance both the hardliners and liberals in the party. Which was why, since 1996, he was always considered a viable alternative to Basu.
This eventually led to his being promoted the Chief Minister, when Basu finally decided to step down in 2000, ahead of the State Assembly elections due in May 2001. Though Basu was ill and aged, his government was fast losing popularity. There were unsubstantiated media stories about corruption involving Basu's son, and the state economy was generally losing steam. There was an investment flight away from the state, increased joblessness in urban areas, a serious crunch in technical and medical education facilities and a near-breakdown of health services at the time. Bhattacharya was made the Chief Minister with the objective of making the administration look cleaner (he is seen as 'uncorruptible' to this day even by his critics) and more efficient. His clean image was primarily responsible for winning a record 6th term for the Left Front government in West Bengal in May 2001, though with a much reduced majority.
After becoming the chief minister Bhattacharya has liberalized Bengal's economy significantly. He has attracted a lot of foreign investment in Bengal. Many new industries and IT related services have emerged under his leadership. He is generally seen as a Communist leader who is open to reforms. However, his opponents have criticized him for taking farmlands to build industries. Bhattacharya said in return, that these farmlands were not so productive and they will provide better jobs to many poor people. Some communists have also criticized Bhattacharya for pursuing economic reforms. Recently Bhattacharya said that he does not want to unionize the IT industry. Labour unions of Bengal have criticized this decision saying that this will lead to the exploitation of IT workers.
His biggest asset proved to be his clean image, which helped him lead the Left Front to a 7th consecutive term in 2006 Assembly Elections. He personally won from Jadavpur constituency with 127,837 votes. His victory margin went up from 29,281 in 2001 to 58,130 in 2006. His coalition improved its tally from 199 seats (out of 300) to 235 and reduced the other opposition parties to insignificance.
However, he took the biggest risk of his political career by embarking upon the industrialization drive to change the face of West Bengal, which has agriculture as primary source of income. He deviated from the standard marxist doctrine to invite foreign and national capitals to set-up factories in West Bengal. A notable among them was the worlds cheapest car Tata Nano [1] from a small hamlet near Kolkata called Singur. There were other proposals too such as country's largest integrated steel plant in Salboni, West Midanpore district by Jindal group and a chemical hub at Nayachar after it faced agrarian resistance in Nandigram. However, his plans backfired, and his party, along with its front partners, suffered heavy losses in the Lok Sabha election 2009.
[edit] Controversy
In January 2006 the Supreme Court of India issued notices to Buddhadeb Bhattacharya and others in connection with land allotments made in the Salt Lake City township in Kolkata.[2]
Buddhadeb Bhattacharya's Government came under heavy criticism for police action against demonstrators in Nandigram. He was criticized not only by opposition parties (such as the Trinamool Congress) and other Left Front coalition allies like CPI, RSP and Forward Bloc, who threatened to back out from the ministry on this issue, but also by his mentor and the state's former chief minister, Jyoti Basu. On March 15, 2007 Basu criticized Bhattacharya for failing to restrain the police in Nandigram.[3] Bhattacharya has expressed regret for the shootings, but claimed that his intention in permitting police action was because Nandigram was an "area where there had been no rule of law and no presence of an administration for not one, two or 10 days but for two-and-a-half months, and many hundreds of villagers were thrown out of nandigram by trinmool partisans, more these villagers taking shelter in a state relief camp outside nandigram, also their land in villages were also captured by the goons."[4] The CPI(M) has declared that they are totally behind Bhattacharya and have drawn up "plans" to placate his critics in the Left Front.[5]
[edit] Education
Bhattacharya is an alumnus of Sailendra Sirkar Vidyalaya.[6] He studied Bengali literature at the Presidency College, Kolkata, and secured his B.A degree in Bengali (Honours).[7]
[edit] References
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Court notice to Jyoti Basu", The Hindu, January 24, 2006.
- ^ Subir Bhaumik, "India strike over police shooting", BBC News, March 16, 2007.
- ^ "Deaths in violence unfortunate, says Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee", The Hindu, March 16, 2007.
- ^ Subrata Nagchoudhury, "Party stands by Buddha, gets restive allies to fall in line", indianexpress.com, March 18, 2007.
- ^ http://www.cpim.org/bio/buddhadeb_bhattacharjee.htm
- ^ Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
| Preceded by Jyoti Basu |
Chief Minister of West Bengal 2000– |
Succeeded by Current Incumbent |
