Bull Terrier

Bull Terrier

A red and white Bull Terrier
Other names	English Bull Terrier Bully, Gladiator
Country of origin	England
Traits Weight Male 22-38kg (50-85 lbs) Height Male 45-55cm (18-22 in) Coat Short, dense Color White, any colour except blue or liver Litter size up to 12 Life span 9-12 years
Classification and standards FCI Group 3 Section 3 #11 standard AKC Terrier standard ANKC Group 2 (Terriers) standard CKC Group 4 - Terriers standard KC (UK) Terrier standard NZKC Terrier standard UKC Terriers standard
Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

A white bull terrier showing triangular eyes

The Bull Terrier or English Bull Terrier is a breed of dog in the terrier family. They are known for their large, egg-shaped head, small triangular eyes, and "jaunty gait."

Description

Appearance

The Bull Terrier's most recognizable feature is its head, described as 'egg shaped' when viewed from the front, almost flat at the top, with a Roman muzzle sloping evenly down to the end of the nose with no stop. The unique triangle-shaped eyes are small, dark, and deep-set. The body is full and round, while the shoulders are robust and very muscular and the tail is carried horizontally. It walks with a jaunty gait, and is popularly known as the 'gladiator of the canine race'.

There is no designated height or weight for the breed, but the average is, Height: 52–61 cm (21-24 inches), Weight: 22–38 kg (50-85 pounds) The Bull Terrier is the only recognized breed that has triangle-shaped eyes.

Temperament

Although there is much discussion regarding the safety of owning a Bull Terrier, the American Temperament Test Society (ATTS), which performs temperament tests in an effort to weed out potentially dangerous dogs from breeding programmes and to educate dog owners, reports consistently high pass rates, around 90%, for Bull Terriers. Generally, Bull Terriers are no more or less aggressive towards people than any other dog. A Washington Animal Foundation human fatalities survey in 2001 found none caused by Bull Terriers.

The Bull Terrier is a fun, comical, people-loving dog. They are known to be courageous, scrappy, fun-loving, active, clownish and fearless. They enjoy being around people, sometimes a little too much, and can prove positively dangerous to people of a delicate nature, not through malicious intent, but rather through their exuberance; as such the Bull Terrier is not recommended for households with small children, or the elderly and infirm. Bull Terriers can be both independent and stubborn and for this reason is not considered suitable for an inexperienced dog owner. A firm hand and an assertive demeanour are essential if the Bull Terrier is not to run riot. They are also fiercely protective and make superb watchdogs, although comprehensive socialisation at an early age will prevent them becoming over-protective and neurotic.

When it comes to other animals, caution should be the byword. Bull Terriers have a strong prey instinct and can cause injury or death to other animals, especially cats. That said, puppies brought up or socialised with cats and other animals can get on well with the animals they know; they can never be completely trusted with other animals. With other dogs, unaltered males may not get along with other male dogs. Males and females can live together happily, and two females can also be a good combination with care and supervision. Introducing a Bull Terrier of the same gender as the dog in residence is considered unwise, and some Bull Terriers won't countenance any other dogs, of either gender

Health

All puppies should be checked for deafness, which occurs in 20% of pure white dogs and 1.3% of colored dogs and is difficult to notice, especially in a relatively young puppy. Many Bull Terriers have a tendency to develop skin allergies. Insect bites, such as those from fleas, and sometimes mosquitoes and mites, can produce a generalized allergic response of hives, rash, and itching. This problem can be stopped by keeping the dog free of contact from these insects, but this is definitely a consideration in climates or circumstances where exposure to these insects is inevitable. Their average lifespan is around 9–12 years, although they may live longer - a male bull terrier house pet in South Wales, UK by the name of "Buller" lived to the age of 18 years.^{[citation needed]} The oldest female Bull Terrier on record is an Australian house pet dubbed "Puppa Trout" who remained sprightly into her 17th year.^{[citation needed]}

The Bull Terrier's coat is easy to maintain, but grooming can keep it in near-perfect condition. Adding oils to their meals can also vastly improve the quality of their coat.^{[citation needed]} English Bull Terriers have thin, fine hair that requires minimal grooming. They are known to have light shedding patterns. Another important issue is that any whiteness around the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, stomach or hindquarters with a short and sparse haired breed such as this must be protected against the sun with a gentle but high SPF factored sunscreen to prevent sunburn and subsequent cancer.^{[citation needed]} The Bull Terrier requires a fair amount of exercise.

Other common ailments: Umbilical Hernia and Acne.^{[citation needed]} Bull Terriers can also suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder, such as tail sucking, self mutilation, and obsessive licking.^{[citation needed]}

History

Bull Terrier circa 1915.

Early in the mid-19th century the "Bull and Terrier" breeds were developed to satisfy the needs for vermin control and animal-based blood sports. The "Bull and Terriers" were based on the Old English Bulldog (now extinct) and one or more of Old English Terrier and "Black and tan terrier", now known as Manchester Terrier. This new breed combined the speed and dexterity of lightly built terriers with the dour tenacity of the Bulldog, which was a poor performer in most combat situations, having been bred almost exclusively for killing bulls and bears tied to a post. Many breeders began to breed bulldogs with terriers, arguing that such a mixture enhances the quality of fighting. Despite the fact that a cross between a bulldog and a terrier was of high value, very little or nothing was done to preserve the breed in its original form. Fortunately Bulldog managed to survive. Due to the lack of breed standards—breeding was for performance, not appearance—the "Bull and Terrier" eventually divided into the ancestors of "Bull Terriers" and "Staffordshire Bull Terriers", both smaller and easier to handle than the progenitor.

About 1850, James Hinks started breeding "Bull and Terriers" with "English White Terriers" (now extinct), looking for a cleaner appearance with better legs and nicer head. In 1862, Hinks entered a bitch called "Puss" sired by his white Bulldog called "Madman" into the Bull Terrier Class at the dog show held at the Cremorne Gardens in Chelsea. Originally known as the "Hinks Breed" and "The White Cavalier", these dogs did not yet have the now-familiar "egg face", but kept the stop in the skull profile.

The difference between "Bullies" and "Staffies"

The dog was immediately popular and breeding continued, using Dalmatian, Greyhound, Spanish Pointer, Foxhound and Whippet to increase elegance and agility; and Borzoi and Collie to reduce the stop. Hinks wanted his dogs white, and bred specifically for this. Generally, however, breeding was aimed at increasing sturdiness: three "subtypes" were recognised by judges, Bulldog, Terrier and Dalmatian, each with its specific conformation, and a balance is now sought between the three. The first modern Bull Terrier is now recognised as "Lord Gladiator", from 1917, being the first dog with no stop at all.

Due to medical problems associated with all-white breeding, Ted Lyon among others began introducing colour, using Staffordshire Bull Terriers in the early 20th century. Coloured Bull Terriers were recognised as a separate variety (at least by the AKC) in 1936. Brindle is the preferred colour, but other colours are welcome.

Along with conformation, specific behaviour traits were sought. The epithet "White Cavalier", harking back to an age of chivalry, was bestowed on a breed which while never seeking to start a fight was well able to finish one, while socialising well with its "pack", including children and pups. Hinks himself had always aimed at a "gentleman's companion" dog rather than a pit-fighter—though Bullies were often entered in the pits, with some success. Today the Bullie is valued as a comical, mischievous, imaginative and intelligent (problem-solving) but stubborn house pet suitable for experienced owners.

Bull Terrier facts

• The Afrikaans name for the Bull Terrier is Varkhond (lit. "Pig-dog")
• There is also a miniature version of this breed; this distinct breed is officially known as the Miniature Bull Terrier.

• Bull Terriers are prominently featured in Jonathan Carroll's 1980 novel The Land of Laughs.

• Bull Terriers have appeared in many movies, including: A Dog's Life (1918), It's a Dog's Life (1955), Oliver!, Baxter, Patton, Toy Story, Babe: Pig in the City, Next Friday, Friday After Next, Frankenweenie, Trainspotting, Bulletproof, Derailed, "Scotland, PA", The Incredible Journey and Space Buddies.

• A Bull Terrier appears in several scenes of the 1976 film Je t'aime... moi non plus. It was owned by the film's director Serge Gainsbourg and called Nana.

• Bull Terriers have also featured in television shows such as the 1970s television show Baa Baa Black Sheep, in the opening credits of the British television show Barking Mad, and in the short lived Fox series Keen Eddie.
• A Bull Terrier is the main character in a Max Brand novel "The White Wolf".

• Spuds Mackenzie, a dog featured in an advertising campaign for Bud Light beer in the late 1980s, was a bull terrier.

• American children's writer and illustrator Chris Van Allsburg features a bull terrier named Fritz in at least one scene in every book.

Famous Bull Terriers

• Abraxas Aaran, who portrayed Willie, the title character's dog, in the 1970 film Patton.
• Baxter, from the film Baxter - with the tagline, "Méfiez-vous du chien qui pense." ("Beware the dog that thinks.")
• Blue, owned by Canadian hockey commentator Don Cherry, is widely considered to be almost as famous as Cherry himself.
• Bodger, an old white bull terrier, is a major character in the book The Incredible Journey by Sheila Burnford and the movie
• Brut, in the novel, Answers to Brut, by Gillian Rubinstein
• Bullseye is the name of a bull terrier owned by Bill Sikes in the movie Oliver!.
• Bullseye mascot of the Target Corporation
• Chester, Chad's (Preppy) dog in Rockstar Vancouver's video game Bully
• Chico, a dog in Next Friday and Friday After Next
• Creampuff, one of Irish Murphy's pig hunting dogs from the Footrot Flats comic series.
• Darla, a bull terrier owned by Kirk Hammett of the thrash metal band Metallica.
• Dave, an old white bull terrier of the Priory Estate.
• Diablo, a bull terrier owned by Hip-Hop artist Adil Omar.
• Fritz, the black-and-white bull terrier who appears in every Chris Van Allsburg book.
• Fuchs, owned by Adolf Hitler during World War I. During the war it was stolen from him.
• Grimm, of the cartoon series Mother Goose and Grimm.
• Jock, one of the most famous dogs in South Africa. He was the companion of the Percy Fitzpatrick. A book was written about him by Fitzpatrick, It was called Jock of the Bushveld.
• Kiwi, Odd's dog is rumored to be a bull terrier but he looks more like a Whippet.
• Lockjaw, Pepper's companion in Sierra's Pepper's Adventures in Time.
• Meatball, White bull terrier pet of Major Gregory "Pappy" Boyington in Baa Baa Black Sheep (TV series).
• Mumps, the bull terrier who wanders around with Bob Jakin, a prominent character in the novel "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot.
• Pete, from the Fox-television series "Keen Eddie", 13 episodes, 2003
• Rex from the film Stealing Harvard. Rex is a mean dog who always agrees with his master. However, his crankyness goes away when he tries to bite a man in the crotch and ends up falling in love and having sex with him.
• Ronnie, Rick Springfield's bull terrier appearing on the cover of his album Working Class Dog.
• Rude Dog.
• Rufus, the most decorated bull terrier in the history of the breed; winnings include National Dog Show (Best in Show, 2005), the Morris & Essex Kennel Club (Best in Show, 2005), and the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show (Best in Show, 2006).
• Sam, who accompanied Alby Mangels, Dutch-Australian adventurer, on his world travels.
• Scud, from the Disney/Pixar film Toy Story.
• Sparky, the dog who appears in "Frankenweenie"
• Spuds MacKenzie - "star" of Bud Light beer commercials in the late 1980s
• Spunky, of Rocko's Modern Life, resembles a Bull Terrier and was also the name of a famous MA Bull Terrier.
• Sputnik from Space Buddies.
• Tugg, a bull terrier that has gained a large internet following on facebook. He was found as an abused and abandoned dog, and has chronicled his recovery on the net for all to see.
• The Bull Terrier from the 1998 film Babe: Pig in the City.
• Whiskey, from the Eidos Commandos series
• Wildfire, from the 1955 film It's A Dog's Life
• Willie, owned by World War II US Army General George S. Patton and named after William the Conqueror.
• Unnamed bull terriers regularly appearing in New Yorker cartoonist George Booth's cartoons.
• Unnamed dog from Angry Kid
• Unnamed dog from The Unborn

See also

• Miniature Bull Terrier
• Bulldog

External links

• Bullterrierssa.co.za, A complete encyclopedia
• Colouredbullterrierclub.com, UK Coloured Bull Terrier Club
• [1] article on Bull Terriers
• Bulldoginformation.com, Bull Terrier Info Page
• BulliesInNeed.org.uk, Rescuing and rehoming Bull Terriers in the UK since 2002
• BullTerrierRescue.org
• [2] information on the dogs and their capabilities