Burhanuddin Rabbani
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| Burhanuddin Rabbani برهان الدين رباني |
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| In office 13 November 2001 – 22 December 2001 |
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| Prime Minister | Ravan A. G. Farhâdi |
| Preceded by | Mohammed Omar (Head of the Supreme Council of Afghanistan) |
| Succeeded by | Hamid Karzai |
| In office 28 June 1992 – 27 September 1996 |
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| Prime Minister | Abdul Sabur Farid Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Arsala Rahmani Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai |
| Preceded by | Sibghatullah Mojaddedi |
| Succeeded by | Mohammed Omar (Head of the Supreme Council of Afghanistan) |
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| In office 27 September 1996 – 13 November 2001 |
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| Prime Minister | Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Abdul Rahim Ghafoorzai Ravan A. G. Farhâdi |
| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
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| Born | 1940 (age 68–69) Badakhshan, Afghanistan |
| Political party | Jamiat-i-Islami United National Front |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Burhanuddin Rabbani (Persian: برهان الدين رباني - Burhânuddîn Rabbânî) (b. 1940), is a former President of Afghanistan.[1] Burhanuddin Rabbani is the leader of Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Society of Afghanistan). He also served as the political head of the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan (UIFSA), an alliance of various political groups who fought against Taliban rule in Afghanistan. He served as President from 1992-1996 until he was forced to leave Kabul because of the Taliban takeover of the city. His government was recognized by many countries, as well as the United Nations. He is currently the head of Afghanistan National Front, known in the media as United National Front the largest political opposition to Hamid Karzai's government.
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[edit] Early years
Rabbani, son of Muhammed Yousuf, was born in 1940 in Badakhshan, northern Afghanistan. He is an ethnic Tajik. After finishing school in his native province, he went to Darul-uloom-e-Sharia (Abu-Hanifa), a religious school in Kabul. When he graduated from Abu-Hanifa, he went to Kabul University to study Islamic Law and Theology. During his four years at Kabul University he became well known for his works on Islam. Soon after his graduation in 1963, he was hired as a Professor at Kabul University. In order to enhance himself, Rabbani went to Egypt in 1966, and he entered the Al-Azhar University in Cairo where he developed close ties to the Muslim Brotherhood leadership.[2] In two years, he received his masters degree in Islamic Philosophy. Rabbani was one of the first Afghans to translate the works of Sayyid Qutb into Dari.[2]
[edit] Jamiat-e Islami
Rabbani returned to Afghanistan in 1968, where the High Council of Jamiat-e Islami gave him the duty of organizing the University students. Due to his knowledge, reputation, and active support for the cause of Islam, in 1972, a 15-member council selected him as head of Jamiat-e Islami of Afghanistan; the founder of Jamiat-e Islami of Afghanistan, Ghulam M. Niyazi was also present. Jamiat-e Islami was primarily composed of Tajiks and Uzbeks.[3]
In the spring of 1974, the police came to Kabul University to arrest Rabbini for his pro-Islamic stance, but with the help of his students the police were unable to capture him, and he managed to escape to the countryside.
When the Soviets supported the 1979 coup, Rabbani helped lead Jamiat-e Islami in resistance to the PDPA regime. Rabbani's forces were the first mujahideen elements to enter Kabul in 1992 when the PDPA government fell from power.
[edit] Later years
After the war, Rabbani became the president of Afghanistan but fell out of favor with his former allies. After four years of civil war, he was forced to flee Kabul as the Taliban took over the capital. However, supported by an organization that became known as the Northern Alliance, Rabbani continued to resist the new Taliban government, and the civil war continued while Rabbani continued to act as the legal and internationally recognized president of Afghanistan. After the 9/11 terrorist attacks, he agreed to cooperate with American and NATO forces to remove the Taliban from power. With help from coalition troops, Kabul was soon captured and Rabbani reassumed presidential functions in Kabul. Soon after, he relinquished control to Hamid Karzai and he is now a politician in Afghanistan, heading the Jamiat-e Islami party.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "Rabbani's Afghan comeback". BBC News. 2001-11-14. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1656013.stm. Retrieved 2009-09-10.
- ^ a b Burke, Jason (2004). Al-Qaeda: The True Story Of Radical Islam. I. B. Tauris. pp. 66–67.
- ^ Rogers, Tom (1992). The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan: Analysis and Chronology. Greenwood Press. pp. 27.
[edit] External links
- Burhanuddin Rabbani,President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan THE UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM SUMMIT, SEPTEMBER 8,2000
- Biography from Afghanistan Online
- Who he is from bbc.com
| Political offices | ||
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| Preceded by Sibghatullah Mojadeddi |
President of Afghanistan 1992 – 1996 |
Succeeded by Mohammed Omar Head of the Supreme Council of Afghanistan |
| Preceded by Office created |
Leader of the Northern Alliance 1996 – 2001 |
Succeeded by Office abolished |
| Preceded by Mohammed Omar Head of the Supreme Council of Afghanistan |
President of Afghanistan 2001 |
Succeeded by Hamid Karzai |
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