Natriuretic peptide precursor C

Natriuretic peptide C
Identifiers
Symbols	NPPC; CNP
External IDs	OMIM: 600296 MGI: 97369 HomoloGene: 7867 GeneCards: NPPC Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • receptor binding • hormone activity • protein homodimerization activity • peptide hormone receptor binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space Biological process • ossification • response to hypoxia • growth plate cartilage chondrocyte differentiation • growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation • cGMP biosynthetic process • receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway • regulation of blood pressure • negative regulation of cell proliferation • post-embryonic development • regulation of vasoconstriction • positive regulation of cGMP biosynthetic process • regulation of multicellular organism growth • response to drug • response to ethanol • positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation • positive regulation of vasodilation • organ development • regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • regulation of blood vessel size • negative regulation of DNA metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4880	18159
Ensembl	ENSG00000163273	ENSMUSG00000026241
UniProt	P23582	Q544K5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_024409	NM_010933.5
RefSeq (protein)	NP_077720	NP_035063.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 232.79 – 232.79 Mb	Chr 1: 88.56 – 88.57 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Natriuretic peptide precursor C, also known as NPPC, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPPC gene. The precursor NPPC protein is cleaved to the 22 amino acid peptide C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP).

Function

Natriuretic peptides comprise a family of 3 structurally related molecules: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide, CNP, encoded by a gene symbolized NPPC. These peptides possess potent natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilating activities and are implicated in body fluid homeostasis and blood pressure control. Unlike ANP and BNP, CNP does not have direct natriuretic activity. This is because CNP is a selective agonist for the B-type natriuretic receptor (NPRB) whereas ANP and BNP are selective for NPRA.

Further reading

• Schulz S (2005). "C-type natriuretic peptide and guanylyl cyclase B receptor". Peptides 26 (6): 1024–34. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.08.027. PMID 15911070. 
• Suga S, Nakao K, Hosoda K, et al. (1992). "Receptor selectivity of natriuretic peptide family, atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide". Endocrinology 130 (1): 229–39. doi:10.1210/en.130.1.229. PMID 1309330. 
• Ogawa Y, Nakao K, Nakagawa O, et al. (1992). "Human C-type natriuretic peptide. Characterization of the gene and peptide". Hypertension 19 (6 Pt 2): 809–13. PMID 1339402. 
• Ishizaka Y, Kangawa K, Minamino N, et al. (1993). "Isolation and identification of C-type natriuretic peptide in human monocytic cell line, THP-1". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189 (2): 697–704. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)92257-X. PMID 1472040. 
• Komatsu Y, Nakao K, Suga S, et al. (1991). "C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in rats and humans". Endocrinology 129 (2): 1104–6. doi:10.1210/endo-129-2-1104. PMID 1855454. 
• Tawaragi Y, Fuchimura K, Tanaka S, et al. (1991). "Gene and precursor structures of human C-type natriuretic peptide". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 175 (2): 645–51. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(91)91614-I. PMID 2018508. 
• Ogawa Y, Itoh H, Yoshitake Y, et al. (1995). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of the mouse C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) gene (Nppc): comparison with the human CNP gene (NPPC)". Genomics 24 (2): 383–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1633. PMID 7698765. 
• Kaneko T, Shirakami G, Nakao K, et al. (1993). "C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the major natriuretic peptide in human cerebrospinal fluid". Brain Res. 612 (1–2): 104–9. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91649-D. PMID 8330189. 
• Wei CM, Heublein DM, Perrella MA, et al. (1993). "Natriuretic peptide system in human heart failure". Circulation 88 (3): 1004–9. PMID 8353861. 
• Igaki T, Itoh H, Suga S, et al. (1996). "Insulin suppresses endothelial secretion of C-type natriuretic peptide, a novel endothelium-derived relaxing peptide". Diabetes 45 Suppl 3: S62–4. PMID 8674895. 
• Igaki T, Itoh H, Suga S, et al. (1996). "C-type natriuretic peptide in chronic renal failure and its action in humans". Kidney Int. Suppl. 55: S144–7. PMID 8743538. 
• Vollmar AM, Paumgartner G, Gerbes AL (1997). "Differential gene expression of the three natriuretic peptides and natriuretic peptide receptor subtypes in human liver". Gut 40 (1): 145–50. PMC 1027025. PMID 9155593. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1027025. 
• Watanabe Y, Nakajima K, Shimamori Y, Fujimoto Y (1997). "Comparison of the hydrolysis of the three types of natriuretic peptides by human kidney neutral endopeptidase 24.11". Biochem. Mol. Med. 61 (1): 47–51. doi:10.1006/bmme.1997.2584. PMID 9232196. 
• He Xl , Chow Dc , Martick MM, Garcia KC (2001). "Allosteric activation of a spring-loaded natriuretic peptide receptor dimer by hormone". Science 293 (5535): 1657–62. doi:10.1126/science.1062246. PMID 11533490. 
• Cataliotti A, Giordano M, De Pascale E, et al. (2002). "CNP production in the kidney and effects of protein intake restriction in nephrotic syndrome". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 283 (3): F464–72. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00372.2001. PMID 12167597. 
• Evans JJ, Youssef AH, Yandle TG, et al. (2002). "Effects of endothelin-1 on release of adrenomedullin and C-type natriuretic peptide from individual human vascular endothelial cells". J. Endocrinol. 175 (1): 225–32. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1750225. PMID 12379507. 
• Ono K, Mannami T, Baba S, et al. (2003). "A single-nucleotide polymorphism in C-type natriuretic peptide gene may be associated with hypertension". Hypertens. Res. 25 (5): 727–30. doi:10.1291/hypres.25.727. PMID 12452325. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Hirsch JR, Skutta N, Schlatter E (2003). "Signaling and distribution of NPR-Bi, the human splice form of the natriuretic peptide receptor type B". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 285 (2): F370–4. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00049.2003. PMID 12709393. 
• Wu C, Wu F, Pan J, et al. (2003). "Furin-mediated processing of Pro-C-type natriuretic peptide". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (28): 25847–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M301223200. PMID 12736257. 

External links

• MeSH C-Type+Natriuretic+Peptide