CCR2

Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2
Rendering based on PDB 1KAD.
Available structures PDB 1KAD, 1KP1
Identifiers
Symbols	CCR2; CC-CKR-2; CCR2A; CCR2B; CD192; CKR2; CKR2A; CKR2B; CMKBR2; MCP-1-R
External IDs	OMIM: 601267 MGI: 106185 HomoloGene: 537 IUPHAR: CCR2 GeneCards: CCR2 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • signal transducer activity • receptor activity • G-protein coupled receptor activity • chemokine receptor activity • C-C chemokine receptor activity • CCR2 chemokine receptor binding • protein homodimerization activity Cellular component • soluble fraction • cytoplasm • cytosol • plasma membrane • plasma membrane • integral to plasma membrane • integral to membrane • dendrite • neuronal cell body • perikaryon • perinuclear region of cytoplasm Biological process • blood vessel remodeling • dendritic cell chemotaxis • positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response • negative regulation of type 2 immune response • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • chemotaxis • inflammatory response • immune response • cellular defense response • negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • JAK-STAT cascade • response to wounding • regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production • positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis • negative regulation of angiogenesis • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • cellular homeostasis • positive regulation of cell migration • positive regulation of interferon-gamma production • positive regulation of interleukin-2 production • monocyte extravasation • T-helper 17 cell chemotaxis • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process • negative regulation of eosinophil degranulation • astrocyte cell migration • interspecies interaction between organisms • innate immune response • positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation • positive regulation of inflammatory response • positive regulation of T cell activation • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis • positive regulation of immune complex clearance by monocytes and macrophages • positive regulation of T cell extravasation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	729230	12772
Ensembl	ENSG00000121807	ENSMUSG00000049103
UniProt	P41597	P51683
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001123041.2	NM_009915.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001116513.2	NP_034045.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 46.4 – 46.4 Mb	Chr 9: 124.02 – 124.03 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

CCR2, short for chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2, is a chemokine receptor.

CCR2 has also recently been designated CD192 (cluster of differentiation 192).

This gene encodes two isoforms of a receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is involved in monocyte infiltration in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis as well as in the inflammatory response against tumors. The receptors encoded by this gene mediate agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. This gene is located in the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants are expressed by the gene.

See also

• CC chemokine receptors
• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• Sozzani S, Introna M, Bernasconi S et al (1997). "MCP-1 and CCR2 in HIV infection: regulation of agonist and receptor expression". J. Leukoc. Biol. 62 (1): 30–3. PMID 9225989. 
• Choe H, Martin KA, Farzan M et al (1998). "Structural interactions between chemokine receptors, gp120 Env and CD4". Semin. Immunol. 10 (3): 249–57. doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0127. PMID 9653051. 
• Cunningham AL, Li S, Juarez J et al (2000). "The level of HIV infection of macrophages is determined by interaction of viral and host cell genotypes". J. Leukoc. Biol. 68 (3): 311–7. PMID 10985245. 
• Ruibal-Ares BH, Belmonte L, Baré PC et al (2004). "HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Curr. HIV Res. 2 (1): 39–50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID 15053339. 
• Yamagami S, Tokuda Y, Ishii K et al (1994). "cDNA cloning and functional expression of a human monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 202 (2): 1156–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2049. PMID 8048929. 
• Charo IF, Myers SJ, Herman A et al (1994). "Molecular cloning and functional expression of two monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptors reveals alternative splicing of the carboxyl-terminal tails". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (7): 2752–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2752. PMC 43448. PMID 8146186. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=43448. 
• Combadiere C, Ahuja SK, Van Damme J et al (1996). "Monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 is a functional ligand for CC chemokine receptors 1 and 2B". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (50): 29671–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.50.29671. PMID 8530354. 
• Samson M, Soularue P, Vassart G, Parmentier M (1997). "The genes encoding the human CC-chemokine receptors CC-CKR1 to CC-CKR5 (CMKBR1-CMKBR5) are clustered in the p21.3-p24 region of chromosome 3". Genomics 36 (3): 522–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0498. PMID 8884276. 
• Wong LM, Myers SJ, Tsou CL et al (1997). "Organization and differential expression of the human monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor gene. Evidence for the role of the carboxyl-terminal tail in receptor trafficking". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (2): 1038–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.2.1038. PMID 8995400. 
• Polentarutti N, Allavena P, Bianchi G et al (1997). "IL-2-regulated expression of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 receptor (CCR2) in human NK cells: characterization of a predominant 3.4-kilobase transcript containing CCR2B and CCR2A sequences". J. Immunol. 158 (6): 2689–94. PMID 9058802. 
• Gong X, Gong W, Kuhns DB et al (1997). "Monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (MCP-2) uses CCR1 and CCR2B as its functional receptors". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 11682–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.18.11682. PMID 9115216. 
• Daugherty BL, Springer MS (1997). "The beta-chemokine receptor genes CCR1 (CMKBR1), CCR2 (CMKBR2), and CCR3 (CMKBR3) cluster within 285 kb on human chromosome 3p21". Genomics 41 (2): 294–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4626. PMID 9143512. 
• Berkhout TA, Sarau HM, Moores K et al (1997). "Cloning, in vitro expression, and functional characterization of a novel human CC chemokine of the monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP) family (MCP-4) that binds and signals through the CC chemokine receptor 2B". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (26): 16404–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16404. PMID 9195948. 
• Smith MW, Dean M, Carrington M et al (1997). "Contrasting genetic influence of CCR2 and CCR5 variants on HIV-1 infection and disease progression. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS), Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS), San Francisco City Cohort (SFCC), ALIVE Study". Science 277 (5328): 959–65. doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.959. PMID 9252328. 
• Monteclaro FS, Charo IF (1997). "The amino-terminal domain of CCR2 is both necessary and sufficient for high affinity binding of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1. Receptor activation by a pseudo-tethered ligand". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (37): 23186–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.37.23186. PMID 9287323. 
• Aragay AM, Mellado M, Frade JM et al (1998). "Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced CCR2B receptor desensitization mediated by the G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (6): 2985–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.2985. PMC 19681. PMID 9501202. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=19681. 
• Frade JM, Mellado M, del Real G et al (1998). "Characterization of the CCR2 chemokine receptor: functional CCR2 receptor expression in B cells". J. Immunol. 159 (11): 5576–84. PMID 9548499. 
• Mummidi S, Ahuja SS, Gonzalez E et al (1999). "Genealogy of the CCR5 locus and chemokine system gene variants associated with altered rates of HIV-1 disease progression". Nat. Med. 4 (7): 786–93. doi:10.1038/nm0798-786. PMID 9662369. 

External links

• "Chemokine Receptors: CCR2". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2222. 
• MeSH CCR2+protein,+human
• description at Information Hyperlinked Over Proteins

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.