CD-ROM XA

Optical discs

Optical disc Optical disc drive Optical disc authoring Authoring software Recording technologies Recording modes Packet writing
Optical media types
Blu-ray Disc (BD): BD-R, BD-RE DVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-R DL, DVD+R DL, DVD-R DS, DVD+R DS, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, DVD-D, DVD-A, HVD, EcoDisc Compact Disc (CD): Red Book, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, 5.1 Music Disc, SACD, Photo CD, CD Video (CDV), Video CD (VCD), SVCD, CD+G, CD-Text, CD-ROM XA, CD-i Universal Media Disc (UMD) Enhanced Versatile Disc (EVD) Forward Versatile Disc (FVD) Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) China Blue High-definition Disc (CBHD) HD DVD: HD DVD-R, HD DVD-RW, HD DVD-RAM High definition Versatile Multilayer Disc (HD VMD) VCDHD GD-ROM MiniDisc (MD) (Hi-MD) Laserdisc (LD) (LD-ROM) Video Single Disc (VSD) Ultra Density Optical (UDO) Stacked Volumetric Optical Disk (SVOD) Five dimensional disc (5D DVD) Nintendo optical disc (NOD)
Standards
SFF ATAPI/MMC Mount Rainier (packet writing) Mount Fuji (layer jump recording) Rainbow Books File systems ISO 9660 Joliet Romeo Rock Ridge / SUSP El Torito Apple ISO 9660 Extensions Universal Disk Format (UDF) ISO 13490
See also
History of optical storage media High definition optical disc format war

CD-ROM XA is an extension of the Yellow Book standard for CD-ROMs that combines compressed audio, video and computer data, allowing all to be accessed simultaneously. It was intended as a bridge between CD-ROM and CD-i (Green Book) and was developed by Sony and Philips. "XA" stands for eXtended Architecture.

CD-ROM sector types:

1. Audio (2352):
   Data (2352)
   Raw data, no ECC; used for audio.
2. Mode 1 (2048):
   Sync (12), Address (3), Mode (1), Data (2048), EDC (4), reserved (8), ECC (276)
   2048 bytes of user data with error correction; usually used for computer data.
3. Mode 2 (2336):
   Sync (12), Address (3), Mode (1), Data (2336)
   2336 bytes of user data, no ECC; usually used for compressed audio, video or picture.

CD-ROM XA defines two forms of Mode 2 sectors:

1. Mode 2 Form 1 (2048):
   Sync (12), Address (3), Mode (1), Subheader (8), Data (2048), EDC (4), ECC (276)
   2048 bytes of user data, ECC, can interleave with Mode 2 Form 2 sectors; used for data.
2. Mode 2 Form 2 (2324):
   Sync (12), Address (3), Mode (1), Subheader (8), Data (2324), EDC (4)
   2324 bytes of user data, error detection, can interleave with Mode 2 Form 1 sectors; used for audio/video data.

Bibliography

• McFadden, Andy (2002-12-20). "What is XA? CDPLUS? CD-i? MODE1 vs MODE2? Red/yellow/blue book?". CD-Recordable FAQ. http://www.cdrfaq.org/faq02.html#S2-2. Retrieved 2008-05-04. 
• Sony Storage Support - What are CD-ROM Mode-1, Mode-2 and XA?