Cardiology
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Cardiology (from Greek καρδίᾱ, kardiā, "heart"; and -λογία, -logia) is a specialty dealing with disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians specializing in this field of medicine are called cardiologists. Cardiologists should not be confused with cardiac surgeons who are surgeons who perform cardiac surgery - operative procedures on the heart and great vessels.
The term cardiology is derived from the Greek word καρδιά (transliterated as kardia and meaning heart or inner self).
[edit] The Cardiac Muscle
[edit] Cardiac pacemaker (Electrical system of the heart)
- Electrical conduction system of the heart
- Sinoatrial node
- Atrioventricular node
- Bundle of His
- Purkinje fibers
- Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
[edit] Basic cardiac physiology
[edit] Disorders of the heart
[edit] Disorders of the coronary circulation
- Atherosclerosis
- Restenosis
- Coronary heart disease (Ischaemic heart disease, Coronary artery disease)
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Angina
- Myocardial infarction (Heart attack)
[edit] Sudden cardiac death (The abrupt reduction or cessation of blood flow to the myocardium, leading to death)
[edit] Treatment of sudden cardiac death
Anemia
[edit] Disorders of the myocardium (muscle of the heart)
- Cardiomyopathy
- Ischemic cardiomyopathy
- Nonischemic cardiomyopathy
- Amyloid cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) (Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS))
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
- Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (Transient apical ballooning, stress-induced cardiomyopathy)
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy)
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Congestive heart failure
- Ventricular hypertrophy
- Primary tumors of the heart
- Myocardial rupture
[edit] Disorders of the pericardium (outer lining of the heart)
[edit] Disorders of the heart valves
- Aortic valve disorders
- Mitral valve disorders
- Pulmonary valve disorders
- Tricuspid valve disorders
[edit] Disorders of the electrical system of the heart (Cardiac electrophysiology)
- Tachycardia
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Supraventricular tachycardia (Fast rhythms that originate above the ventricles)
- Bigemin
- Premature ventricular contraction
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Bundle branch block
- Heart block
- Specific diseases of the electrical system of the heart
[edit] Inflammation and infection of the heart
[edit] Congenital heart disease
- Atrial septal defect
- Ventricular septal defect
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Transposition of the great vessels (TGV)
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- Truncus Arteriosus
[edit] Diseases of blood vessels (Vascular diseases)
- Vasculitis
- Atherosclerosis
- Aneurysm
- Varicose veins
- Economy class syndrome
- Diseases of the aorta
- Diseases of the carotid arteries
[edit] Procedures done for coronary artery disease
- Percutaneous coronary intervention
- Atherectomy
- Angioplasty (PTCA)
- Stenting
- Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG)
- Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP)
[edit] Devices used in cardiology
- Stethoscope
- Devices used to maintain normal electrical rhythm
- Devices used to maintain blood pressure
[edit] Diagnostic tests and procedures
- Blood tests
- Echocardiogram
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
- Cardiac stress test
- Auscultation (Listening with the Stethoscope)
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
- Ambulatory Holter monitor
- Electrophysiologic study
- Sphygmomanometer (Blood pressure cuff)
- Cardiac enzymes
- Coronary catheterization
- Myocardial Fractional Flow Reserve (FFRmyo)
- IVUS (IntraVascular UltraSound)
[edit] Cardiac pharmaceutical agents
The followings are medications commonly prescribed in cardiology:
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- Type I (sodium channel blockers)
- Type Ia
- Type Ib
- Type Ic
- Type II (beta blockers)
- Type III (potassium channel blockers)
- Type IV (slow calcium channel blockers)
- Type V
- Type I (sodium channel blockers)
- ACE inhibitors
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
- Beta blocker
- Calcium channel blocker
[edit] See also
- Interventional cardiology
- Clinical cardiac electrophysiology
- American Heart Association
- National Heart Foundation of Australia
[edit] External links
- Cardiology News
- Cardiology Rounds
- European Society of Cardiology
- U.S. National Institute of Health (NIH) : Heart and Circulation
- American College of Cardiology
- Virtual Cardiac Centre - information from the field of Cardiology.
- Cardiovascular Physiology - basic concepts in cardiology.
- Preventive Cardiology
- A cardiac atlas using CMR images
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