Carl Reinecke
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Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke (June 23, 1824 – March 10, 1910) was a German composer, conductor, and pianist.
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[edit] Biography
Reinecke was born in Altona, Hamburg, Germany, at that time a Danish town. He studied with his father, Johann Peter Rudolph Reinecke, a music teacher. Carl began to compose at the age of seven, and his first public appearance as a pianist was when he was twelve years old.
He undertook his first concert tour in 1843 which eventually led, in 1846, to his appointment as Court Pianist for Christian VIII in Copenhagen. There he remained until 1848. Overall he wrote four concertos for his instrument (and many cadenzas for others' works, including a large set published as his Opus 87), as well as concertos for violin, cello, harp and flute.
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In 1851 he became a professor at the Cologne Conservatory. In ensuing years he was appointed musical director at Barmen, and became the academic, musical director and conductor of the Singakademie at Breslau.
In 1860, Reinecke was appointed director of the Gewandhaus Orchestra concerts in Leipzig, and professor of composition and piano at the Conservatorium. He led the orchestra until 1895. There he conducted such premieres as the full seven-movement version of Brahms's German Requiem (1869).
In 1865 the Gewandhaus-Quartett premiered his piano quintet, and in 1892 his D major string quartet.[1]
Reinecke is best known for his flute sonata "Undine", but he is also remembered as one of the most influential and versatile musicians of his time. He served as a teacher for 35 years, until 1902. His students included Edvard Grieg, Basil Harwood, Christian Sinding, Leoš Janáček, Isaac Albéniz, Johan Svendsen, Richard Franck, Felix Weingartner, Max Bruch, and Felix Fox among many others.
At the age of 80, Reinecke recorded his playing on piano roll for the Welte-Mignon company, making him the earliest-born pianist to have his playing preserved in any format.
After his retirement he devoted his time to composition and an output that contains almost three hundred published works. He wrote several operas (all unperformed today) including König Manfred. Reinecke died, at 85, in Leipzig.
[edit] Selected works
- König Manfred, comic opera, 1867
- Ein Abenteuer Händels, operetta, 1874
- Auf hohen Befehl, comic opera, 1886
- Der Gouverneur von Tours, comic opera, 1891
- Symphony no. 1 in A major, Op. 79, 1858
- Symphony no. 2 in C minor, Op. Op. opus 34, 1844
- A piano quartet in light style, Op. 272, 1904
- Piano quintet in A, Op. 83, 1866
- Violoncello concerto in D minor, Op. 82, 1864
- Violin concerto in G minor, Op. 141, 1876
- Concerto for harp and orchestra in E minor, Op. 182, 1884
- Flute concerto in D major, Op. 283 (1908)
- Piano concerto no. 1 in F-sharp minor, Op. 72, 1860
- Piano concerto no. 2 in E minor, Op. 120, 1872
- Piano concerto no. 3 in C major, Op. 144, 1877
- Piano concerto no. 4 in B minor, Op. 254, 1900
- Serenade for strings in G minor, Op. 242, around 1898
- Trio for piano, oboe and horn in A minor, Op. 188, 1886
- Trio for piano, clarinet and viola in A, Op. 264
- Trio for piano, clarinet and horn in B-flat, Op. 274, 1905
- Octet for winds in B-flat, Op. 216, 1892
- Sextet for flute, oboe, clarinet, 2 horns and bassoon in B-flat, Op. 271
- Five string quartets (Op. 16 in E-flat, 1843, Op. 30 in F, 1851, Op. 132 in C, 1874, Op. 211 in D major, 1890, and Op. 287)
- an organ sonata, Op. 284
- a piano sonata for the left hand, Op. 179, 1884
- a string trio in C minor, Op. 249
- Sonata for flute (Sonata Undine), Op. 167, 1882
- Sonatas for violin, cello (three, in A minor, Op. 42 1847-8, D major, Op. 89 1866 and G major, Op. 238, recorded on cpo)
- Three light piano trios, Op. 159a
- Piano trio, Op. 230
- Drei Fantasiestücke für Viola und Klavier, Op. 43 (Three fantasy pieces for viola and piano)
- Harp Concerto in E minor, Op. 182 (1884)
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[edit] References
- Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke Page - includes a detailed worklist (German)
[edit] External links
- Free scores by Carl Reinecke in the Werner Icking Music Archive (WIMA)
- Free scores by Carl Reinecke in the International Music Score Library Project
- Free scores by Carl Reinecke in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
- Carl Reinecke String Trio Op.249, Piano Quartet Op.272, Piano Quintet Op.83 & Cello Sonata No.1 Op.42 Soundbites and discussion of works
[edit] Recordings
- Piano Rolls (The Reproducing Piano Roll Foundation)
- The closest approach to 19th century piano interpretation - 19th Century pianist on Welte-Mignon (ARC-106, Archiphon)
This article incorporates text from an edition of the New International Encyclopedia that is in the public domain.
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