Casualties of the September 11 attacks

Casualties of the September 11 attacks included a total of 2,976 fatalities (excluding the 19 terrorist hijackers): 246 on the four planes (from which there were no survivors), 2,605 in New York City in the towers and on the ground, and 125 at the Pentagon.^[1][2] An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3] All of the fatalities in the attacks were civilians except for 55 military personnel killed at the Pentagon.^[4] More than 90 countries lost citizens in the attacks on the World Trade Center.^[5] In 2007, the New York City medical examiner's office added Felicia Dunn-Jones to the official death toll from the September 11 attacks. Dunn-Jones died five months after 9/11 from a lung condition which was linked to exposure to dust during the collapse of the World Trade Center.^[6]

Contents 1 Evacuation 2 Survivors 3 Fatalities 3.1 World Trade Center 3.2 Pentagon 3.3 By the numbers 3.4 Non-American casualties 4 Forensic identification 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Evacuation

At the time of the incident, media reports suggested that tens of thousands might have been killed in the attacks, as on any given day upwards of 100,000 people could be inside the towers. Estimates of the number of people in the Twin Towers when attacked on 9/11 range between 14,000 and 19,000. NIST estimated that approximately 17,400 civilians were in the World Trade Center complex at the time of the September 11, 2001 attacks.^[7] Turnstile counts from the Port Authority indicate that the number of people typically in the Twin Towers by 8:45 a.m. was 14,154.^[8]

[edit] Survivors

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Only 14 people escaped from the impact zone of the South Tower after it was hit and only four people from the floors above it. They escaped via Stairwell A, the only stairwell which had been left intact after the impact. No one was able to escape from above the impact zone in the North Tower after it was hit, as all stairwells and elevator shafts on those floors were destroyed. After the collapse of the towers, only 23 survivors who were in or below the towers escaped from the debris, including 15 rescue workers. The last survivor was pulled from the rubble 27 hours after the collapse of the towers. A total of 6,294 people were reported to have been treated in area hospitals for injuries related to the 9/11 attacks in New York City.

[edit] Fatalities

[edit] World Trade Center

An estimated 200 people jumped to their deaths from the burning towers (as depicted in the photograph "The Falling Man"), landing on the streets and rooftops of adjacent buildings hundreds of feet below.^[9] To witnesses watching, a few of the people falling from the towers seemed to have stumbled out of broken windows.^[9] Some of the occupants of each tower above its point of impact made their way upward toward the roof in hope of helicopter rescue. There was a plan to use helicopters;^{[citation needed]} however, it wasn't used due to the intense smoke; the roof access doors were locked, Port Authority officers attempted to unlock the doors; however the system would not let them, and thick smoke and intense heat would have prevented rescue helicopters from landing.^[10]

Cantor Fitzgerald L.P., an investment bank on the 101st–105th floors of One World Trade Center, lost 658 employees, considerably more than any other employer. Marsh Inc., located immediately below Cantor Fitzgerald on floors 93–101 (the location of Flight 11's impact), lost 295 employees, including one on Flight 175, and 60 consultants. Risk Waters was holding a conference in Windows on the World at the time, with 81 people in attendance.^[11][12]

John P. O'Neill was a former assistant director of the FBI who assisted in the capture of Ramzi Yousef and was the head of security at the World Trade Center when he was killed trying to rescue people from the South Tower.^[13] An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3]

The average age of all the dead in New York City was 40.^[14] The dead included 8 children: 5 on American 77 ranging in age from 3 to 11, 3 on United 175 ages 2, 3, and 4.^[15] The youngest victim was a 2 year-old child on Flight 175, the oldest an 82 year-old passenger on Flight 11. In the buildings, the youngest victim was 17 and the oldest was 79.^[16]

[edit] Pentagon

Of the 125 victims in the Pentagon, 70 were civilians and 55 were military personnel.^[17] Lieutenant General Timothy Maude was the highest ranking military official killed at the Pentagon.^[18]

[edit] By the numbers

Fatalities included the following:

• Everyone aboard the four planes (no one aboard the hijacked aircraft survived)^[1] This includes (not counting the hijackers) 79 passengers and 11 crew members aboard American Airlines Flight 11;^[19] 51 passengers and 9 crew members aboard United Airlines Flight 175;^[20] 53 passengers and 6 crew members aboard American Airlines Flight 77;^[21] 33 passengers and 7 crew members aboard United Airlines Flight 93.^[22][23]
• 2,602 in New York City in the towers and on the ground:^[24]
  • This includes 343 New York City Fire Department firefighters, 23 New York City Police Department officers, and 37 Port Authority Police Department officers.^[25] Casualties of the 9/11 attacks also included 15 EMTs^[26] and 3 Court Officers. Approximately 2,000 first responders were also injured in the attacks.^[26]
  • 1,366 people died who were at or above the floors of impact in the North Tower (1 WTC); according to the Commission Report, hundreds were killed instantly by the impact while the rest were trapped and died after the tower collapsed (though a few people were pulled from the rubble, none of them were from above the impact zone).^[27]
  • As many as 600 people were killed instantly or trapped at or above the floors of impact in the South Tower (2 WTC). Only about 18 managed to escape in time from above and in the impact zone and out of the South Tower before it collapsed.
  • Of those who worked below the impact zones, only 110 were among those killed in the attacks. The 9/11 Commission notes that this fact strongly indicates that evacuation below the impact zones was a success, allowing most to safely evacuate before the collapse of the World Trade Center.^[28]
• 125 in the Pentagon^[2]
• An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3]

[edit] Non-American casualties

Aside from the approximately 2,669 United States casualties, 310 foreign nationals (excluding the nineteen perpetrators) also perished in the attacks. The following is a list of their nationalities (not accounting for at least some cases of dual-citizenship). By far the foreign country with the largest loss of life was the United Kingdom, with 67 deaths (including the overseas territory of Bermuda). India had 41, South Korea had 28 and Canada and Japan had 24 each. Colombia had seventeen and Jamaica, Mexico and the Philippines had sixteen each. Australia and Germany had eleven each, while Italy had ten.

Country Total fatalities  Argentina 4 [29]  Australia 11  Bangladesh 6  Belarus 1 [30]  Belgium 1  Brazil 3 [31]  Canada 24 [32][33]  Chile 2  China 4  Côte d'Ivoire 1  Colombia 17  Democratic Republic of the Congo 2  Dominican Republic 1  El Salvador 1  Ecuador 3  France 3  Germany 11  Ghana 2  Guyana 3  Haiti 2  Honduras 1  India 41 [34]  Indonesia 1  Ireland 6 [35]  Israel 5 [36]  Italy 10 [37]  Jamaica 16  Japan 24 [38]

Country Total fatalities  Jordan 2 [39][40][41]  Lebanon 3  Lithuania 1  Malaysia 3  Mexico 16  Moldova 1  Netherlands 1  New Zealand 2  Nigeria 1  Peru 5  Philippines 16  Portugal 5 [42]  Poland 1  Romania 3  Russia 1  South Africa 2  South Korea 28  Spain 1  Sweden 1  Switzerland 2  Republic of China (Taiwan) 1  Ukraine 1  Uzbekistan 1  United Kingdom 67* [43][44]  Bermuda 1  Venezuela 1

* Including Bermuda

[edit] Forensic identification

Ultimately, 2,752 death certificates were filed relating to the 9/11 attacks, as of February 2005. Of these, 1,588 (58%) were forensically identified from recovered physical remains.^[45][46] The Associated Press reported that the city has "about 10,000 unidentified bone and tissue fragments that cannot be matched to the list of the dead."^[47] Bone fragments were still being found in 2006 as workers prepared the damaged Deutsche Bank Building for demolition.

[edit] See also

• September 11 attacks
• Health effects of the September 11, 2001 attacks

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• 9/11/01-02: A Demographic Portrait Of The Victims In 10048
• THE INJURED: A Fireball, a Prayer to Die, Then a Hard Battle to Live, New York Times, 17 October 2001
• The Battery Is Down, All Right, and Crippled, New York Times, 3 October 2001
• THE MOURNER: In a Landscape of Sadness, Offering Just Her Presence, New York Times, 1 October 2001 the story of Carol O'Neill, wife of a founder of Sandler O'Neill, which lost 67 of 180 employees
• THE TRADE CENTER: The Evacuation That Kept a Horrible Toll From Climbing Higher, New York Times, 21 September 2001
• AP (NY Times)--190 Feared Dead at the Pentagon
• New York Times--Five Firefighters Found Alive in the Rubble
• Discovery Channel: Inside the Twin Towers
• Memorial page dedicated to FDNY Firefighters lost on 9-11

v • d • e September 11 attacks Timeline Planning · September 11, 2001 · Rest of September · October · Beyond October Victims Casualties Hijacked airliners American Airlines Flight 11 · United Airlines Flight 175 · American Airlines Flight 77 · United Airlines Flight 93 Sites of destruction World Trade Center · The Pentagon · Stonycreek, Pennsylvania Effects and aftermath Immediate aftermath · Airport security · Artistic depictions · Audiovisual entertainment · Closings and cancellations · Conspiracy theories (Advance knowledge debate · WTC controlled demolition) · Detentions · Economic effects · Local health effects · Post-9/11 · Reactions · Rumors Response U.S. military response · U.S. government response · Rescue and recovery effort · Financial assistance · Operation SUPPORT · Operation Yellow Ribbon · Memorials and services Perpetrators Responsibility · Motives · Hijackers · 20th hijacker Miscellaneous Communication (Radio communications) · Patriot Day · WTC collapse · Slogans and terms · Survivors' Staircase Inquiries U.S. Congressional Inquiry · 9/11 Commission Report · PENTTBOM