Category:Metaphysics

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Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the ultimate nature of reality, being, and the world.

The main article for this category is Metaphysics.

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Library cataloging and classification
Universal Decimal Classification:	1 110

v t e Metaphysics

Metaphysicians	Parmenides Plato Aristotle Kapila Plotinus Duns Scotus Thomas Aquinas René Descartes John Locke David Hume Immanuel Kant Isaac Newton Arthur Schopenhauer Baruch Spinoza Georg W. F. Hegel George Berkeley Gottfried Leibniz Henri Bergson Friedrich Nietzsche Charles Sanders Peirce Ludwig Wittgenstein Martin Heidegger Alfred N. Whitehead Bertrand Russell Dorothy Emmet G. E. Moore Jean-Paul Sartre Gilbert Ryle Hilary Putnam P. F. Strawson R. G. Collingwood Adolph Stöhr Rudolf Carnap Saul Kripke Willard V. O. Quine Donald Davidson more ...

Theories	Anti-realism Cartesian dualism Enactivism Free will Liberty Materialism Meaning of life Idealism Existentialism Essentialism Libertarianism Determinism Naturalism Monism Platonic idealism Hindu idealism Phenomenalism Nihilism Realism Physicalism MOQ Relativism Scientific realism Solipsism Subjectivism Substance theory Type theory Sankhya

Concepts	Action Abstract object Being Category of being Causality Change Choice Concept Cogito ergo sum Embodied cognition Entity Essence Existence Experience Form Idea Identity Information Insight Intelligence Intention Matter Memetics Mind Meaning Mental representation Modality Motion Necessity Notion Object Pattern Physical object Perception Principle Properties Qualia Quality Reality Subject Soul Substance Thought Time Truth Type Universal Unobservable Value World soul more ...

Related articles	Cosmology Epistemology Ontology Teleology Philosophy of psychology Philosophy of mind Philosophy of self Philosophy of space and time Axiology Theoretical physics meta-

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v t e Philosophy of science

Philosophers	Albert Einstein Alfred North Whitehead Aristotle Auguste Comte Averroes Berlin Circle Carl Gustav Hempel C. D. Broad Charles Sanders Peirce Dominicus Gundissalinus Daniel Dennett Epicurians Francis Bacon Friedrich Schelling Galileo Galilei Henri Poincaré Herbert Spencer Hugh of Saint Victor Immanuel Kant Imre Lakatos Isaac Newton John Dewey John Stuart Mill Jürgen Habermas Karl Pearson Karl Popper Karl Theodor Jaspers Larry Laudan Otto Neurath Paul Häberlin Paul Feyerabend Pierre Duhem Pierre Gassendi Plato R.B. Braithwaite René Descartes Robert Kilwardby Roger Bacon Rudolf Carnap Stephen Toulmin Stoicism Thomas Hobbes Thomas Samuel Kuhn Vienna Circle W.V.O. Quine Wilhelm Windelband Wilhelm Wundt William of Ockham William Whewell more...

Concepts	Analysis Analytic-synthetic distinction A priori and a posteriori Artificial intelligence Causality Commensurability Construct Demarcation problem Explanatory power Fact Falsifiability Ignoramus et ignorabimus Inductive reasoning Ingenuity Inquiry Models of scientific inquiry Nature Objectivity Observation Paradigm Problem of induction Scientific explanation Scientific law Scientific method Scientific revolution Scientific theory Testability Theory choice

Metatheory of science	Confirmation holism Coherentism Contextualism Conventionalism Deductive-nomological model Determinism Empiricism Fallibilism Foundationalism Hypothetico-deductive model Infinitism Instrumentalism Naturalism Positivism Pragmatism Rationalism Received view of theories Reductionism Semantic view of theories Scientific realism Scientism Scientific anti-realism Skepticism Uniformitarianism Vitalism Metaphysics

Related	Epistemology History and philosophy of science History of science History of evolutionary thought Philosophy of biology Philosophy of chemistry Philosophy of physics Philosophy of mind Philosophy of artificial intelligence Philosophy of information Philosophy of perception Philosophy of space and time Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics Philosophy of social science Philosophy of environment Philosophy of psychology Philosophy of technology Philosophy of computer science Pseudoscience Relationship between religion and science Rhetoric of science Sociology of scientific knowledge Criticism of science Alchemy more...

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Philosophy

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Metaphysics Epistemology Logic Ethics Aesthetics

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Ancient	Chinese Agriculturalism Confucianism Legalism Logicians Mohism Chinese naturalism Neotaoism Taoism Yangism Zen Greek & Greco-Roman Aristotelianism Cynicism Epicureanism Neoplatonism Peripatetic Platonism Presocratic Pythagoreanism Sophism Stoicism Indian Buddhist Cārvāka Hindu Jain Persian Mazdakism Zoroastrianism Zurvanism

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17th–21st centuries	Absolute idealism Anarchism Behaviorism Cartesianism Classical liberalism Deconstruction Dialectical materialism Eliminativism Epiphenomenalism Egoism Existentialism Feminist Frankfurt School Functionalism Hegelianism Kantianism Kokugaku Kyoto school Legal positivism Logical positivism Marxism Modernism Neo-Kantianism New Confucianism Ordinary language Phenomenology Postmodernism Post-structuralism Pragmatism Reformed epistemology Structuralism Transcendentalism Utilitarianism Vienna Circle more...