Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
| Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China |
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 Emblem of the People's Republic of China |
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| Appointer | Vote within the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress |
| Term length | five years, renewable once consecutively |
| Inaugural holder | Liu Shaoqi |
| Formation | September 27, 1954 |
The Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (simplified Chinese: 全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长; traditional Chinese: 全國人民代表大會常務委員會委員長; pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì Wěiyuánzhǎng) is the chairman and/or speaker of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, which is considered China's top legislative body. The current Chairman is Wu Bangguo.
The position has been ranked second in China's political hierarchy since Li Peng was barred from seeking a third term as Premier in 1998. In the political order of precedence, the Chair ranks below the CPC General Secretary and President, but above the Premier. The ranking of this position is according to the occupant's qualifications, however, is not necessarily reflective of its actual power, which varies depending on the officeholder.
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[edit] Powers
The position holds reserve constitutional powers under the 1978 revision of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. As stipulated in Article 84 of the Constitution, should both the President and Vice-President become incapacitated, and the National People's Congress is unable to elect a timely replacement, the Chairman of the NPC will act as President.[1]
Theoretically, during the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989, the NPC Chair at the time, Wan Li, had the power to call an emergency session of the NPC to resolve the issue constitutionally. However, Wan's freedom of movement was restricted, and ultimately was powerless in the situation.
[edit] Chairmen of the NPC Standing Committee
de jure Head of State by the (1975 Constitution & 1978 Constitution)
Multiple terms in office, consecutive or otherwise, are listed and counted in the first column counts individuals and the second column (term number).
| I# | T# | Chairman | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | Liu Shaoqi 刘少奇（劉少奇）  |
September 15, 1954 | April 28, 1959 |
| 2 | 2 | Zhu De 朱德  |
April 28, 1959 | January 4, 1965 |
| 3 | January 4, 1965 | January 17, 1975 | ||
| 4 | January 17, 1975 | July 6, 1976 | ||
| — | Song Qingling 宋庆龄（宋慶齡） .jpg) |
July 6, 1976 (acting) |
March 5, 1978 | |
| 3 | 5 | Ye Jianying 叶剑英（葉劍英）  |
March 5, 1978 | June 18, 1983 |
| 4 | 6 | Peng Zhen 彭真 |
June 18, 1983 | April 13, 1988 |
| 5 | 7 | Wan Li 万里（萬里）  |
April 13, 1988 | March 27, 1993 |
| 6 | 8 | Qiao Shi 乔石（喬石） |
March 27, 1993 | March 15, 1998 |
| 7 | 9 | Li Peng 李鹏（李鵬）  |
March 15, 1998 | March 15, 2003 |
| 8 | 10 | Wu Bangguo 吴邦国（吳邦國）  |
March 15, 2003 | March 15, 2008 |
| 11 | March 15, 2008 | Incumbent |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
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