Chloride process
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The chloride process is used to purify titanium dioxide from minerals containing at least 90% titanium dioxide. In this process, the feedstock is heated at 900 °C with carbon and chlorine gas, giving titanium tetrachloride:
- 2 FeTiO3 + 7 Cl2 + 6 C → 2 TiCl4 + 2 FeCl3 + 6 CO
Other impurities are converted to the respective chlorides as well. The titanium tetrachloride is purified by distillation, and oxidized in a pure oxygen flame or plasma to give the pure TiO2.[1]
The Kroll process is a related technique. Instead of oxidizing the distilled titanium tetrachloride with oxygen, it is reduced with magnesium to give titanium metal.
[edit] References
- ^ "Titanium Dioxide Manufacturing Processes". Millennium Inorganic Chemicals. http://www.millenniumchem.com/Products+and+Services/Products+by+Type/Titanium+Dioxide+-+Paint+and+Coatings/r_TiO2+Fundamentals/Titanium+Dioxide+Manufacturing+Processes_EN.htm. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
[edit] External links
- "Chloride Process". KRONOS Worldwide, Inc.. http://www.kronos.de/khome.nsf/ChlorideProcess?OpenPage. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
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