Clichy-sous-Bois

For other uses, see Clichy.

Clichy-sous-Bois
Paris and inner ring départements
Location within Île-de-France region  Clichy-sous-Bois
Administration
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Seine-Saint-Denis
Arrondissement	Le Raincy
Canton	Le Raincy
Intercommunality	Clichy-sous-Bois – Montfermeil
Mayor	Claude Dilain (2001–2007)
Statistics
Elevation	66–121 m (217–397 ft) (avg. 98 m/322 ft)
Land area1	3.95 km2 (1.53 sq mi)
Population2	29,849  (2006)
- Density	7,557 /km2 (19,570 /sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	93014/ 93390
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Clichy-sous-Bois (French pronunciation: [kliʃi su bwa]; formerly Clichy-en-Aulnois) is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. The vast majority of its population is made up of Muslims of North African heritage . It is located 15.8 km (9.8 mi) from the centre of Paris.

Geography

The commune has an area of 3.95 km² (1.53 sq mi) with 1.1 km² (0.42 sq mi) of woods. The woods are remnants of the Bondy forest (Forêt Départementale de Bondy, Parc de la Fosse Maussoin, Parc de la Mairie).

History

The name of Clichy-sous-Bois comes from Roman Cleppius, seventh century Clippiacum superius, twelfth century Clichiacum.

Flint tools from the Neolithic have been found here. Clichy en Aulnois belonged to the lords of Livry in the early Middle Ages. Subject to the Knights Templar in the 13th century, Clichy subsequently passed into possession of the Knights Hospitaller order. Up to the 16th century, it was a hunting resort of the French kings. In the 18th century, it belonged to the Duc d'Orléans. In 1820, the village had about 150 inhabitants.

On 20 May 1869, a part of the territory of Clichy-sous-Bois was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Livry-Gargan and a small part of the territory of Gagny to create the commune of Le Raincy.

In 1870, Clichy was affected by the Franco-Prussian war.

In 1912, a population of 1,434 was counted.

Urbanization of the commune began in 1955.

Heraldry

The arms of Clichy-sous-Bois are blazoned : Per pale vert and argent, a cinqfoil counterchanged, and on a chief gules a latin cross voided between two bunches of grapes slipped and leaved argent.

Crime and civil unrest

Main article: 2005 civil unrest in France

Clichy-sous-Bois has a high unemployment rate compared (about 20% and 40% of the people under 25 years old (source : INSEE). The incidence of violent crime in Seine-Saint-Denis is among the highest in France.

The suburban riots of October 2005 originated in Clichy-sous-Bois after the death of two young boys who had been escaping a police control. Then the riots spread to other communes of the département, and then to virtually every major urban area in France.

Demographics

Immigration

Place of birth of residents of Clichy-sous-Bois in 1999 Born in Metropolitan France Born outside Metropolitan France 63.7% 36.3% Born in Overseas France Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth¹ EU-15 immigrants² Non-EU-15 immigrants 2.6% 2.0% 4.0% 27.7% ¹This group is made up largely of pieds-noirs from Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), and to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. Note that a foreign country is understood as a country not part of France as of 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics. ²An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. Note that an immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.

Transport

Clichy-sous-Bois is not served by any station of the Paris Métro, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest station to Clichy-sous-Bois is Le Raincy – Villemomble – Montfermeil station on Paris RER line E[1]. This station is located in the neighboring commune of Le Raincy, 3.2 km (2.0 mi) from the town center of Clichy-sous-Bois. The only direct transport in and out of Clichy-sous-bois is by bus (for example the 601AB bus if you are coming from "Villemonble-Montfermeil-Le Raincy" station).

See also

• Communes of the Seine-Saint-Denis department

References

• INSEE

External links

• (French) Official website
• 48°54′35″N 2°32′53″E aerial photos
• pictures of clichy sous bois :[2]