Campanula glomerata

Campanula glomerata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Campanulaceae
Genus:	Campanula
Species:	C. glomerata
Binomial name
Campanula glomerata L.

Campanula glomerata, common name Clustered Bellflower or Dane's Blood, is a species of the genus Campanula, belonging to the family Campanulaceae. It is the county flower of Rutland, England.

Etymology

The etymology of this plant is quite intuitive: the genus Latin name (“campanula”), meaning small bell, refers to the bell-shape of the flower, while the specific name ("glomerata") refers to the tight grouping of the flowers at the top of the stem.

Description

Inflorescence of Campanula glomerata

Campanula glomerata is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to a height of 20–60 centimetres (7.9–24 in), with a maximum of 90 centimetres (35 in). The stem is simple, erect and shortly pubescent, basal leaves are petiolated, oval-lanceolate and lightly heart-shaped (cordate), while cauline leaves are lanceolate, sessile and amplexicaul. The inflorescence is formed by 15-20 sessile, actinomorphic and hermaphrodite single flowers of about 2 to 3 cm. They are in terminal racemes or in the axils of upper leaves, surrounded by an involucre of bracts. The corolla is campanulate and pubescent with five dark violet-blue or purplish-blue petals. Flowering period is from June to September.

Distribution

The species is native to Europe, Anatolia and Siberia. In Europe is present almost everywhere. In North America the plant is naturalized.

Habitat

This plant can be found in forests or dry grasslands, in scrub and open woodland, in grassy but not too wet places, in the edges of woods and along the margins of roads and trails. It prefers calcareous soils, at an altitude up to 1500 m above sea level.

Gallery

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  Funchal: Botanical garden

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  Close-up on a flower of Campanula glomerata

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  Flowers of Campanula glomerata

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  Flowers of Campanula glomerata

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  Cauline leaf with a flower of Campanula glomerata in the axil

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  Basal leaf of Campanula glomerata

Synonyms

• Campanula aggregata Willd. ex Schlecht. (1813) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula cervicarioides Schultes in Roemer & Schultes (1819) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. cervicarioide)
• Campanula congesta Schultes in Roemer & Schultes (1819) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula farinosa Andrz. in Besser (1821) ( synonym = C. glomerata subsp. farinosa)
• Campanula glaucophylla Schlosser & Vukot. (1875) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. farinosa)
• Campanula pusilla DC non Haenke (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula speciosa Hornem. (1815) non Pourret (1788) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)

Cultivars and Varieties

Campanula glomerata has many cultivars of varying colours, such as 'Superba', 'Bellefleur', and 'Acaulis'. The following incomplete list presents some of the varieties with their synonyms.

• Campanula glomerata subsp. aggregata (Willd.) Kirschleger (1851) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula glomerata subsp. cervicarioides (R. & S) P.Fourn.
• Campanula glomerata subsp. congesta (Roemer & Schultes) Schubler & Martens (1834) ( synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula glomerata subsp. elliptica (Kit.) O.Schwarz
• Campanula glomerata subsp. farinosa (Rochel) Kirschleger (1851)
• Campanula glomerata subsp. glomerata:
• Campanula glomerata subsp. serotina (Wettst.) O.Schwarz
• Campanula glomerata subsp. speciosa Kirschleger (1851)
• Campanula glomerata var. aggregata (Willd.) Koch (1846) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula glomerata var. congesta (Roemer & Schultes) Rouy (1908) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. glomerata)
• Campanula glomerata var. farinosa (Andrz.) Koch (1846) (synonym = C. glomerata subsp. farinosa

References

• Pignatti S. - Flora d'Italia – Edagricole – 1982, Vol. II, pag. 682

External links

• Biolib
• Campanula glomerata
• Davesgarden
• Interactive flora