Constitutional history of Turkey

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History of Turkey
Prehistory of Anatolia & Thrace Palaeolithic c 500,000 – 10,000 BCE Mesolithic c. 11,000 – 9,000 BC Neolithic c. 8,000 – 5,500 BC Speakers of Anatolian languages Hittites Palaics Luwians Lycians Milyans Caria / Carians Sidetics Pisidians Lydia / Lydians Speakers of other/unknown lang. Arzawa Assuwa league Diauehi Hattians Hayasa-Azzi Isaurians Kaskians Kizzuwatna Lukka Lycaonians Millawanda Mysians Neo–Hittites Old Assyrian Kingdom Pamphylians Phrygia Troad / Troy Urartu Wilusa List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia
Classical Anatolia & Thrace Aeolis c. 8th–6th centuries BC Ionian League c. 7th–6th centuries BC Median Empire c. 625 BC – 549 BC Achaemenid Empire c. 559 BC – 331 BC Odrysian Kingdom c. 460 BC - 46 AD Kingdom of Alexander the Great 334 BC – c. 323 BC Diadochi 334 BC – c. 301 BC Lysimachian Empire 301 – 281 BC Ptolemaic Kingdom 301 – 30 BC Seleucid Empire c. 301 BC – 64 BC Kingdom of Pontus c. 302 BC – 64 BC Attalids of Pergamon 282 BC – 129 BC Kingdom of Armenia 190 BC – 428 AD The Roman Republic 509 BC –27 BC The Roman Empire 27 BC – 330 AD
Byzantine Anatolia The Byzantine Empire 330–1453 Byzantium under the Heraclians 610–711 Isaurian dynasty and Iconoclasm 730–787 / 814–842 Byzantium under the Macedonians 867–1056 Byzantium under the Komnenoi 1081–1185 Byzantium under the Angeloi 1185–1204 Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 1078–1375 The Empire of Trebizond 1204–1461 The Empire of Nicaea 1204–1261 Byzantium under the Palaiologoi 1260–1453
The Seljuqs & Anatolian beyliks Great Seljuq Empire Battle of Manzikert Sultanate of Rum Mongol conquest of Anatolia Ilkhanate
Ottoman Empire Rise of the Ottoman Empire Growth of the Ottoman Empire Stagnation of the Ottoman Empire Decline of the Ottoman Empire Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
Republic of Turkey War of Independence Provisional government Atatürk's Reforms Single-party period Multi-party period
By topic Ancient Anatolians Constitutional history of Turkey Economic history of Turkey Military history of Turkey Thracians Timeline of Turkish history Turkic migration
Turkey portal

Over the centuries, Turkey has had many constitutions and can be characterized by the steady establishment of a nation-state, democratization and recognition of international law.

The Turkish constitution was ratified in 1921, revised in 1924, 1961, and finally in 1982, revised in 2010. A proposal for yet another constitution is being discussed, to allow Turkey to comply with EU accession political criteria.

Milestones

• 1876: First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
• 1908: Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
• 1921: Republican constitution
• 1924: Revised constitution
• 1961: 1961 constitution; introduced a second chamber of legislation, the senate, to form a bicameral system
• 1982: 1982 constitution; abolished the senate, reverting to a unicameral system

See also

• Turkish constitutional referendum, 1982
• Turkish constitutional referendum, 2007
• Turkish constitutional referendum, 2010