Crime in the United States

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Crime in the United States is characterized by extremely high levels of violence and homicide compared to nearly all other developed countries.^{[citation needed]} Some authors attribute both trends to the fact that criminals in America are more likely to have firearms.^[2] Crime statistics are published annually by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the Uniform Crime Reports which represents crimes reported to the police. The Bureau of Justice Statistics conducts the annual National Crime Victimization Survey which captures crimes not reported to the police.

The country's overall crime rate is displayed in two indices. The violent crime index comprises homicide, forcible rape, robbery and assault. The property crime index consists of burglary, larceny/theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Statistics for index offenses are generally available for the country as a whole, all fifty states and all communities within the United States with 10,000 or more residents.

The crime rate is measured by the number of offenses being reported per 100,000 people. While the crime rate had risen sharply in the late 1960s and early 1970s, bringing it to a constant all-time high during much of the 1970s and 1980s, it has drastically declined ever since 1991. One hypothesis suggests there is a causal link between legalized abortion and the drop in crime during the 1990s.^[3] In 2004 America's crime rate was roughly the same as in 1970, with the homicide rate being at its lowest level since 1965. Overall, the national crime rate was 4982 crimes per 100,000 residents, down from 4852 crimes per 100,000 residents thirty years earlier in 1974 (-17.6%).^[4]

The likelihood of committing and falling victim to crime also depends on several demographic characteristics, as well as location of the population. Overall, men, minorities, the young, and those in financially less favorable positions are more likely to be crime victims, as well as commit crimes.^[5] Crime in the US is also concentrated in certain areas.

It is quite common for crime in American cities to be highly concentrated in a few, often economically disadvantaged areas. For example, San Mateo County, California had a population of approximately 624,000 and 17 homicides in 2001. 6 of these 17 homicides took place in poor, largely African and Hispanic American East Palo Alto, which had a population of roughly 30,000. So, while East Palo Alto accounted for 4.8% of the population, about one-third of the homicides took place there.^[6]

Contents 1 Crime over time 2 Characteristics of offenders 2.1 Prison statistics 3 Crime victimology 3.1 Crimes against the homeless 4 International comparison 5 Geography of crime 5.1 Large cities 5.2 States 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

[edit] Crime over time

Crime has been a long-standing concern in the United States, with high rates at the beginning of the 20th century compared to parts of Western Europe. In 1916, 198 homicides were recorded in Chicago, a city of slightly over 2 million at the time. This level of crime was not exceptional when compared to other American cities such as New York City, but was much higher relative to European cities, such as London, which then had three times the population but recorded only 45 homicides in the same year.^[9]

Since 1964, the U.S. crime rate has increased by as much as 350%, and over 11 million crimes were reported in the year 2007 alone.^[10] Crime in the United States has fluctuated considerably over the course of the last half-century, rising significantly in the late 1960s and 1970s, peaking in the 1980s and then decreasing considerably in the 1990s.

Over the past thirty years, the crime rate rose throughout the 1980s, reached its peak in 1991 and then began to decrease throughout the 1990s and 2000s. Recent statistics indicate that crime could again be increasing.^[8]

The year 2005 was overall the safest year in the past thirty years. The recent overall decrease has reflected upon all significant types of crime, with all violent and property crimes having decreased and reached an all-time low. The homicide rate in particular has decreased over 42% between its record high point in 1991 and 2005.

Recently, however, the homicide rate has stagnated.^[8] While the homicide rate decreased continuously between 1991 and 2000 from 9.8 homicides per 100,000 persons to 5.5 per 100,000, it has remained level through 2005. In the years between 2000 and 2005 the homicide rate has remained at an all-time low between 5.5 and 5.7 homicides per 100,000 individuals.

Despite the recent stagnation of the homicide rate, however, property and violent crimes overall have continued to decrease, though at a considerably slower pace than in the 1990s.^[8] Overall, the crime rate in the U.S. was the same in 2004 as in 1969, with the homicide rate being roughly the same as in 1966. Violent crime overall, however, is still at the same level as in 1974, despite having decreased steadily since 1991.^[7]

Crime Rate[7][11]	1960	1961	1963	1965	1967	1969	1971	1973	1975	1977	1979	1981	1983	1985	1987	1989	1991	1993	1995	1997	1999	2001	2003	2005	2008
Violent crime rate	160.9	158.1	168.2	200.2	253.2	328.7	396.0	417.4	487.8	475.9	548.9	594.3	537.7	556.6	609.7	663.1	758.1	746.8	684.6	610.8	523.0	504.4	475.8	469.2	454.5
Homicide rate	5.1	4.8	4.6	5.1	6.2	7.3	8.6	9.4	9.6	8.8	9.8	9.8	8.3	8.0	8.3	8.7	9.8	9.5	8.2	6.8	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.6	5.4
Property crime rate	1,726	1,747	2,012	2,249	2,736	3,351	3,769	3,737	4,811	4,602	5,017	5,264	4,637	4,650	4,940	5,078	5,140	4,738	4,591	4,312	3,744	3,656	3,591	3,430	3,213

SOURCES: US Bureau of Justice Statistics (2004),^[7] Federal Bureau of Investigation, (2008)^[11]

[edit] Characteristics of offenders

A subsequent United States Department of Justice report which surveyed homicide statistics between 1974 and 2004 stated that of the crimes surveyed for which the identity of the offender could be determined, 52.1% of the offenders were Black, 45.9% were White, and 2% were Other Races. Of the victims in those same crimes, 51% were White, 46.9% were Black, and 2.1% were Other Races. African Americans are disproportionately the offender in workplace killings. For example, in work place killings, 26.7% of offenders are Black out of a total African American population of about 13.4%. The report further noted that, "most murders are intraracial", with 86% of White murders committed by Whites, and 94% of Black murders committed by Blacks.^[12] The document does not provide any details concerning what races or ethnicities are included in the designations "White", "Black", or "Other Races".

A February 1997 report on rape and sexual-based crime published by the United States Department of Justice stated that of the crimes surveyed, 56% of arrestees were White, 42% were Black, and 2% were of other races; although "Hispanic" was not recognized as a racial category, with Hispanics predominantly being grouped together with Non-Hispanic Whites. The report additionally noted that "victims of rape were about evenly divided between whites and blacks; in about 88% of forcible rapes, the victim and offender were of the same race."^[13]

For both 2004 and 2005, the percentage of incidents of rape or sexual assault with a white perpetrator and a black victim was 0.0, an estimate based on 10 or fewer sample cases. In contrast, in 2005, in cases where the victim was white, 33.6% of the perpetrators were black. In 2004, only 8.3% of the perpetrators were black.^[14][15]

According to "Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police," a 2005 Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report, hate crime offenders were most likely men (79%), strangers (51%), 30 or older (37.8%), and white (43.9%).^[16] Although the raw number of whites charged with hate crimes is generally larger, the black rate per 100,000 is twice as high as the white rate.^[17]

Reporting at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association (August 3, 2008), sociologists at Bowling Green State University found that men who attend college are more likely to commit property crimes during their college years than their non-college-attending peers. The research draws from three waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and examines education, crime levels, substance abuse and socializing among adolescents and young adults.^[18]

[edit] Prison statistics

Compared with other countries, the United States has among the highest incarceration rates in the world. As of 2006, a record 7 million people were behind bars, on probation or on parole, of which 2.2 million were incarcerated. The People's Republic of China ranks second with 1.5 million. The United States has 5% of the world's population and 25% of the world's incarcerated population.^{[19][dated info]}

In 1998, nearly one out of three Black men between the ages of 20-29 were in prison or jail, on probation or parole on any given day.^[20][21] Approximately 70% of prisoners in the United States are non-Whites. ^[22]

In terms of federal prison, 57% of those incarcerated were sentenced for drug offenses. However, the federal prison population is a very small percentage of the massive state prison population, which also holds numerous people convicted of drug offenses. Currently, considering local jails as well, almost a million of those incarcerated are in prison for non-violent crime.^[23] In 2002, roughly 93.2 % of prisoners were male. About 10.4 % of all black males in the United States between the ages of 25 and 29 were sentenced and in prison by year end, compared to 2.4 % of Hispanic males and 1.2 % of white males.^[24]

[edit] Crime victimology

Patterns are found within the victimology of crime in the United States. Overall, the financially disadvantaged, males, those younger than 25 and non European-Americans were more likely to fall victim to crime. Income, sex and age had the most dramatic effect on the chances of a person being victimized by crime, while the characteristic of race depended upon the crime being committed.

In 2005, 27 out of 1,000 African Americans became the victim of a violent crime, compared to 20 out of every 1,000 White Americans. African Americans were overall 35% more likely to sustain a violent crime. The likelihood of being murdered was drastically higher for African Americans.^[26] In 2004 African Americans constituted roughly 13.4% of the general population,^[27] yet, nearly half, 49%, of all murder victims in 2005 were African American.

Sexual assault and rape rates were roughly the same for all races. Whites and African Americans also had approximately the same chances of falling victim to simple assaults.

In terms of gender, males were more likely to become crime victims than were females, with 79% percent of all murder victims being male. Males were also twice as likely to be carjacked as were females. In terms of income, all households had roughly the same chance of becoming victims of property crime. Yet, households with an annual income of less than $7,500 were far more likely to be assaulted, robbed and have their homes burgled.

Concerning age, those younger than twenty-five were more likely to fall victim to crime, especially violent crime. The chances of being victimized by violent crime decreased far more substantially with age than the chances of becoming the victim of property crime. For example, 1 out of every 33 crimes committed against a young person was theft, while 1 out of every 5 crimes committed against an elderly person was theft. Thus one can conclude that the probability of becoming a crime victim decreases as income and age increase, in addition to being lower for European Americans and females.^[26]

The United States Department of Justice compiles statistics on crime by race, but only between and among people categorized as black or white. According to U.S. Department of Justice document Criminal Victimization in the United States, there were overall 3,201,320 white and 507,210 black victims of violent crimes reported in 2005. Out of the 3,201,320 cases involving white victims, 63.6% (2,358,625) had white offenders and 17.2% (550,627) had black offenders, while the 507,210 black victims had a figure of 73.3% (371,785) black offenders and 10.4% (52,750) white offenders.^[28]

There were 111,490 white and 36,620 black victims of rape or sexual assault reported in 2005. Out of the 111,490 cases involving white victims, 44.5% (49,613) had white offenders and 33.6% (37,461) had black offenders, while the 36,620 black victims had a figure of 100% black offenders, with a 0.0% estimation for any other race based on ten or fewer sample cases.^[29]

According to "Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police," a 2005 Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report, hate crime victims were most likely to be men (55.4%), white (85%), non-Hispanic (88.6) and aged 30–49 (37.3%).^[30] The study also showed that whites had had a per capita victimization rate of 0.9 per 1,000, while blacks had a rate of .07 per 1,000, and members of other races had a rate of 1.4 per 1,000.^[30]

[edit] Crimes against the homeless

A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing.^[31][32] The rate of such documented crimes in 2005 was 30% higher than of those in 1999.^[33] 75% of all perpetrators are under the age of 25. Studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities.

In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. The NCH called deliberate attacks against the homeless hate crimes in their report Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA (they retain the definition of the American Congress).

The Center for the Study of Hate & Extremism at California State University, San Bernardino in conjunction with the NCH found that 155 homeless people were killed by non-homeless people in "hate killings", while 76 people were killed in all the other traditional hate crime homicide categories such as race and religion, combined.^[32] The CSHE contends that negative and degrading portrayals of the homeless contribute to a climate where violence takes place.

[edit] International comparison

The manner in which America's crime rate compared to other countries of similar wealth and development depends on the nature of the crime used in the comparison.^[34] Overall crime statistic comparisons are difficult to conduct, as the definition of crimes significant enough to be published in annual reports varies across countries. Thus an agency in a foreign country may include crimes in its annual reports which the United States omits.

Some countries such as Canada, however, have similar definitions of what constitutes a violent crime, and nearly all countries had the same definition of the characteristics that constitutes a homicide. Overall the total crime rate of the United States is similar to that of other highly developed countries. Some types of reported property crime in the U.S. survey as lower than in Germany or Canada, yet the homicide rate in the United States is substantially higher.

There were 17,034 murders in the United States in 2006^[35] (666,160 murders from 1960 to 1996).^[36] Direct comparison of the totals (selected) for violent crime in Canada and the U.S. have been used in articles by conservative or pro-gun writers in both countries. Their claims of higher Canadian numbers speaking to their issues however do not stand up to review as the 2 countries use widely different criteria for selection of data to include in their totals.^[37]

While similar reporting methods for homicide shows the U.S. figures as 189.5% higher, the reported US violent crime rate includes only Aggravated Assault, whereas the Canadian violent crime rate includes all categories of assault, including the much-more-numerous Assault level 1 (i.e., assault not using a weapon and not resulting in serious bodily harm).^[38][39] A government study concluded that direct comparison of the 2 countries' violent crime totals or rates was "inappropriate".^[40]

According to a 2004 study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, looking at the period from 1981 to 1999, the United States had a lower surveyed residential burglary rate in 1998 than Scotland, England, Canada, the Netherlands, and Australia. The other two countries included in the study, Sweden and Switzerland, had only slightly lower burglary rates. (Note: The rate of burglary in Police records remained higher in the U.S. than most other countries during the study period (see graph)). For the first nine years of the study period the same surveys of the public showed only Australia with rates higher than the U.S. The authors noted various problems in doing the comparisons including infrequent data points (The U.S. performed 5 surveys from 1995 to 1999 when its rate dipped below Canada's While Canada ran a single telephone survey during that period for comparison).^[34]

“

"Due to the difficulties of comparing national crime trends between countries some of the data included in this report may be adjusted or estimated. This is because of differences in measuring crimes and definitions of crime type. The report does however state clearly which pieces of data have been adjusted and why."-David P. Farrington, Patrick A. Langan, Michael Tonry (Bureau of Justice Statistics), 2004[34]

”

Despite the overall crime rate of the United States being seemingly in line with that of other industrialized countries, its homicide rate, which has declined substantially since 1991, is still among the highest in the industrialized world. Comparing just homicide rates by themselves, however, may not be representative of the overall crime rate of a country. Only the homicide rate of Northern Ireland in the early 1990s compares to that of the United States today.

In 2004, there were 5.5 homicides for every 100,000 persons, compared to 1.9 in Canada and 1.0 in Germany. This means that the homicide rate in the United States was nearly three times as high as in Canada and slightly more than five times as high as in Germany.^[38][39] Most industrialized countries had homicide rates below the 2.5 mark. Overall the homicide rate in the United States was similar to that of some lesser developed Eastern European countries.^[41][42][43]

Country	Ireland[44]	Germany[45]	Norway[44]	United Kingdom[44]	France[44]	Canada[38]	Scotland[46]	United States[47]	Russia[44]	Venezuela[44]	Jamaica[44]	Colombia[44]
Homicide rate	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.4	1.6	1.9	1.59	5.6	20.15	31.61	32.41	61.78
Year	2000	2007	2000	2000	2004	2004	2008	2007	2000	2000	2000	2000

Where there is a marked disparity between the incidence of crime in the US and all other comparable developed countries is in the per capita rate of murder committed with firearms. The most recent data show that the proportion of people in America killed by firearms is more than three and a half times greater than in Portugal, the next country of comparable development.^[48] (Scotland, though shown in the table, is not an independent country). The proportion of Americans killed by firearms per year is more than seven and a half times greater than the comparable proportion of residents in the 10 developed countries with the next highest rates of firearm homicides.^[48]

SOURCES: US Department of Justice Statistics (2007),^[47] Bundeskriminalamt, BKA (2007),^[45] Canada Statistics (2004),^[38] Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2000)^[44]

[edit] Geography of crime

Location has a very significant impact on crime in the United States. While some responding jurisdictions are nearly free of serious crime, others are plagued by some of the highest serious crime rates in the industrialized world. The homicide rate exemplifies the stark differences between communities.

For example, in 2004 the Baltimore police departments reported more homicides per 100,000 residents than any other jurisdiction. The rate of homicide per 100,000 was 43.5, nearly eight times the national average. By contrast, in 2005 Forbes magazine listed Long Island, one of the suburban areas of New York City, which is also one of the wealthiest and most expensive communities in the United States, as having 2.042 crimes per 100,000 residents; the lowest crime rate and less than half the US average [2].

Fairfax County, Virginia, a very affluent suburban enclave of the nation's capital with 1,041,200 residents, had the lowest homicide rate of any jurisdiction. In 2004, Fairfax County's homicide rate was reported at 0.3 homicides per 100,000 persons, 94.5% below the national average and 1/145 of Baltimore's homicide rate. It is therefore important to remember that the risk of being victimized by crime in the United States varies greatly from locale to locale.^[50][51]

[edit] Large cities

Crime among the country's twenty largest cities tended to be above the national average. It is, however, important to note that these statistics exclude the given city's suburbs and only reflect the crime rates within the jurisdiction of a given city's police department.

Rates are based on cases per 100,000 for all of calendar 2007.

City	State	Population	Violent crime	Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter	Forcible rape	Robbery	Aggravated assault	Property crime	Burglary	Larceny-theft	Motor vehicle theft	Arson
Foo	Foo	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Austin	Texas	716,817	540	4	46	203	287	6,341	1,120	4,808	413	16
Baltimore	Maryland	624,237	1,631	45	23	624	939	4,796	1,182	2,682	932	65
Chicago	Illinois	2,824,434	N/A[52]	16	N/A[52]	546	617	4,472	876	2,937	659	25
Columbus	Ohio	735,981	852	11	90	523	228	6,996	1,952	4,198	846	87
Dallas	Texas	1,239,104	1,069	16	41	583	429	6,776	1,814	3,849	1,113	73
Detroit	Michigan	860,971	2,289	46	40	764	1,440	6,772	2,064	2,430	2,278	88
El Paso	Texas	616,029	418	3	42	77	297	3,201	349	2,361	492	13
Fort Worth	Texas	670,693	667	9	50	242	367	5,469	1,343	3,726	400	34
Houston	Texas	2,169,544	1,132	16	32	529	555	5,684	1,339	3,449	897	48
Indianapolis	Indiana	797,268	1,234	14	63	507	649	6,308	1,679	3,666	963	42
Jacksonville	Florida	797,350	1,022	15	31	391	584	5,696	1,394	3,698	604	23
Los Angeles	California	3,870,487	718	10	26	348	334	2,621	507	1,506	608	57
Memphis	Tennessee	669,264	1,951	19	68	728	1,136	8,062	2,183	4,953	926	22
New York	New York	8,220,196	614	6	11	265	332	1,819	254	1,403	161	N/A
Philadelphia	Pennsylvania	1,435,533	1,475	27	67	715	667	4,305	803	2,728	774	N/A
Phoenix	Arizona	1,541,698	724	14	33	321	356	5,826	1,246	3,227	1,353	32
San Antonio	Texas	1,316,882	556	9	48	186	313	6,390	1,272	4,607	511	35
San Diego	California	1,261,196	502	5	23	166	308	3,502	609	1,845	1,049	16
San Francisco	California	733,799	874	14	17	514	330	4,696	692	3,199	804	32
San Jose	California	934,553	402	4	23	114	261	2,575	476	1,412	686	36

SOURCES: FBI Uniform Crime Reports (2007)^[53]

[edit] States

Crime rates vary greatly across the states. Overall, New England had the lowest crime rates, for both violent and property crimes. New England states also had the lowest homicide rates in the country.

Southern states had the highest overall crime rates. Crime can also be isolated to one particular part of a state. Lafayette, Louisiana, for instance had only 6 murders per 100,000 people in 2004, while New Orleans, Louisiana, had 32.5 murders per 100,000 people.^[54]

With few exceptions, there also seems to be a strong correlation between median household income and crime rates. In addition to having the country's lowest crime rates, New England states also had the country's highest median household income, while the Southern states have the lowest. Almost all of the nation's wealthiest twenty states, which included northern mid-western and western states such as Wisconsin and California, had crime rates below the national average.

The nation's more dangerous states, such as Texas, Arizona and Arkansas in turn ranked among those with a household income below the national median. For example, New Hampshire was one of the nation's wealthiest and safest state. New Hampshire's total crime rate was 57.9%; its violent crime rate was 64.1% and its homicide rate 69.1% below the national average. Connecticut, the nation's fourth wealthiest state, had a crime rate 27% and a homicide rate 52.7% below the national average.

This contrasts starkly to some of the nation's poorer states such as Georgia, Florida or Louisiana. Louisiana had a crime rate 27% and a homicide rate 130.9% above the national average and ranked as the nation's fourth poorest state with a median household income 20% below the national median. While these trends hold generally true, several states who fell below the national median for household income such as Maine and Kentucky also had crime rates below the national average, while some wealthier states such as Maryland and Hawaii had crime rates above the national average.^[54][55]

State	Population	Number of Crimes per 100,000 persons (Crime Rates)[55]
		Violent Crime Rates					Property Crime Rates				Total	Rank
		Violent Crime	Homicide	Rape	Robbery	Serious Assault	Property Crime	Burglary	Larceny	Motor vehicle theft
Alabama	4,530,182	426.6	5.6	38.5	133.4	249.1	4,025.0	986.0	2,729.5	309.6	4,451.6	17
Alaska	655,435	634.5	5.6	85.1	68.2	475.6	3,382.8	575.6	2,465.4	341.8	4,017.3	23
Arizona	5,743,834	504.1	7.2	33.0	134.4	329.4	5,340.5	990.4	3,387.2	962.9	5,844.6	2
Arkansas	2,752,629	499.1	6.4	42.4	86.2	364.1	4,013.0	1,093.5	2,683.8	235.8	4,512.1	16
California	35,893,799	551.8	6.7	26.8	172.1	346.3	3,419.0	685.1	2,030.1	703.8	3,970.8	25
Colorado	4,601,403	373.5	4.4	42.5	81.5	245.1	3,919.3	717.3	2,679.0	522.9	4,292.8	22
Connecticut	3,503,604	286.3	2.6	20.7	120.5	142.6	2,627.2	444.4	1,868.1	314.7	2,913.5	41
Delaware	830,364	568.4	2.0	41.5	146.7	378.1	3,163.9	648.3	2,257.1	258.6	3,732.3	28
District of Columbia	553,523	1,371.2	35.8	40.1	578.5	716.9	4,859.1	712.9	2,627.2	1,519.0	6,230.3	1
Florida	17,397,161	711.3	5.4	38.0	172.4	495.5	4,179.7	956.1	2,773.3	450.2	4,891.0	10
Georgia	8,829,383	455.5	6.9	27.0	154.7	266.8	4,265.9	940.0	2,825.0	501.0	4,721.4	14
Hawaii	1,262,840	254.4	2.6	26.4	74.8	150.7	4,792.8	857.4	3,252.8	682.6	5,047.2	6
Idaho	1,393,262	244.9	2.2	40.9	17.2	184.6	2,794.4	547.3	2,051.5	195.5	3,039.3	37
Illinois	12,713,634	542.9	6.1	33.2	177.2	326.4	3,186.1	597.3	2,271.3	317.4	3,729.0	29
Indiana	6,237,569	325.4	5.1	28.9	102.2	189.2	3,37.6	676.0	2,383.5	338.1	3,723.0	30
Iowa	2,954,451	270.9	1.6	26.7	38.0	204.5	2,905.3	615.1	2,107.3	182.9	3,176.2	35
Kansas	2,735,502	374.5	4.5	40.4	66.3	263.4	3,973.5	731.1	2,934.0	308.4	4,348.0	19
Kentucky	4,145,922	244.9	5.7	29.9	78.8	130.5	2,537.7	624.8	1,701.3	211.6	2,782.6	44
Louisiana	4,515,770	638.7	12.7	35.8	145.4	444.9	4,410.2	1,004.5	2,969.2	436.6	5,048.9	5
Maine	1,317,253	103.5	1.4	23.9	21.9	56.3	2,409.6	481.4	1,829.3	98.9	2,513.1	47
Maryland	5,558,058	700.5	9.4	23.7	229.6	437.8	3,640.2	660.0	2,335.1	645.2	4,340.7	20
Massachusetts	6,416,505	458.8	2.6	28.0	116.4	311.7	2,459.7	537.2	1,578.8	343.7	2,918.5	40
Michigan	10,112,620	490.2	6.4	54.2	111.9	317.7	3,057.6	636.8	1,921.0	499.9	3,547.8	32
Minnesota	5,100,958	269.6	2.2	41.6	79.8	146.0	3,039.0	549.9	2,224.2	265.0	3,308.6	33
Mississippi	2,902,966	295.1	7.8	40.0	86.2	161.1	3,478.5	952.9	2,254.2	271.4	3,773.6	27
Missouri	5,754,618	490.5	6.2	25.7	115.2	343.4	3,903.5	703.3	2,750.2	450.0	4,394.0	18
Montana	926,865	293.8	3.2	29.5	25.1	236.0	2,936.2	379.2	2,382.4	174.6	3,230.0	34
Nebraska	1,747,704	308.6	2.3	35.5	65.1	205.7	3,519.6	562.2	2,654.9	302.5	3,828.2	26
Nevada	2,334,771	615.9	7.4	40.9	210.1	357.6	4,206.6	991.2	2,246.0	969.5	4,822.5	12
New Hampshire	1,299,500	167.0	1.4	35.3	38.5	91.8	2,040.1	382.1	1,508.5	149.4	1,675.5	51
New Jersey	8,698,879	355.7	4.5	15.3	150.3	185.6	2,429.2	471.7	1,609.1	348.4	2,784.9	43
New Mexico	1,903,289	687.3	8.9	54.6	108.3	515.5	4,197.7	1,046.8	2,735.7	415.2	4,885.0	11
New York	19,227,088	441.6	4.6	18.8	174.3	244.0	2,198.6	367.7	1,617.7	213.3	2,640.2	46
North Carolina	8,541,221	447.8	6.2	27.4	137.9	276.2	4,160.2	1,184.8	2,659.4	316.0	4,608.0	15
North Dakota	634,366	79.4	1.4	25.1	6.1	46.8	1,916.6	301.1	1,472.7	142.8	1,996.0	50
Ohio	11,459,011	341.8	4.5	40.5	153.1	143.6	3,673.2	846.1	2,470.6	356.5	4,015.0	24
Oklahoma	3,523,553	500.5	5.3	44.2	87.7	363.3	4,242.1	1,000.2	2,874.1	367.7	4,742.6	13
Oregon	3,594,586	298.3	2.5	35.7	76.5	183.6	4,631.3	836.6	3,279.0	515.6	4,929.6	9
Pennsylvania	12,406,292	411.1	5.2	28.5	148.9	228.4	2,415.0	438.8	1,726.5	249.6	2,926.1	39
Rhode Island	1,080,632	247.4	2.4	29.6	67.6	147.7	2,884.1	505.7	2,001.0	377.4	3,131.5	36
South Carolina	4,198,068	784.2	6.9	40.9	129.7	606.7	4,504.8	1,034.4	3,097.9	372.5	5,289.0	3
South Dakota	770,883	171.5	2.3	43.8	14.8	110.5	1,933.5	408.5	1,415.3	109.7	2,105.0	49
Tennessee	5,900,962	695.2	5.9	37.6	149.8	501.8	4,306.5	1,020.3	2,866.8	419.4	5,001.7	8
Texas	22,490,022	540.5	6.1	37.3	159.3	337.9	4,494.0	978.7	3,097.0	418.3	5,034.5	7
Utah	2,389,039	236.0	1.9	39.1	51.7	143.3	4,085.6	637.1	3,128.2	320.3	4,321.6	21
Vermont	621,394	112.0	2.6	24.5	12.2	72.7	2,308.2	544.9	1,670.8	92.5	2,420.2	48
Virginia	7,459,827	275.6	5.2	23.7	92.6	154.1	2,676.6	386.0	2,057.2	233.4	2,952.2	38
Washington	6,203,788	343.8	3.1	46.1	94.6	200.2	4,849.2	977.3	3,175.0	696.9	5,193.0	4
West Virginia	1,815,354	271.2	3.7	17.6	42.3	207.6	2,506.2	602.2	1,698.1	206.0	2,777.4	45
Wisconsin	5,509,026	209.6	2.8	20.6	73.8	112.4	2,663.1	433.0	2,023.6	206.5	2,872.2	42
Wyoming	506,529	229.6	2.2	22.1	13.2	192.1	3,334.3	540.5	2,636.0	157.7	3,563.9	31
United States (Total)	293,655,404	465.5	5.5	32.2	136.7	291.1	3,517.1	729.9	2,365.9	421.3	3,980.6	(26)

SOURCE: US Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2004

[edit] See also

• Race and crime in the United States
• Rape in the United States of America
• Incarceration in the United States
• Law enforcement in the United States
• Terrorism in the United States
• America's Safest and Most Dangerous Cities

[edit] References

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Crime in the United States

• The FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives
• Surviving Crime
• 15 Most Wanted by U.S. Marshals
• DEA Fugitives, Major International Fugitives
• Metropolitan Police Department: Most Wanted
• New York State's 100 Most Wanted Fugitives
• All Most Wanted - official website of the Los Angeles Police Departement

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