Ctenolepisma

Ctenolepisma
Ctenolepisma longicaudata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Subclass:	Apterygota
Order:	Thysanura
Family:	Lepismatidae
Genus:	Ctenolepisma Escherich, 1905
Species include
See text

Ctenolepisma is a genus of primitive insects (order Zygentoma = Thysanura s.s.) closely related to the silverfish and firebrat but less reliant on human habitation, some species being found both indoors and outdoors and some found exclusively outdoors.

Species

Species include:

• Ctenolepisma abyssinica Mendes, 1982 (Ethiopia)
• Ctenolepisma africanella Wygodzinsky, 1955 (South Africa)
• Ctenolepisma albida Escherich, 1905
• Ctenolepisma algharbica Mendes, 1978 (Portugal)
• Ctenolepisma almeriensis Molero-Baltanas, Gaju-Ricart & Bach de Roca, 2005 (Spain)
• Ctenolepisma alticola Silvestri, 1935 (Karakorum)
• Ctenolepisma angustiella Silvestri, 1949 (Africa)
• Ctenolepisma armeniaca Molero-Baltanas, Gaju-Ricart, Bach de Roca & Mendes, 2010 (Armenia)
• Ctenolepisma barchanicum Kaplin, 1985 (Turkmenistan)
• Ctenolepisma basilewskyi Wygodzinsky, 1965 (Kenya)
• Ctenolepisma boettgeriana Paclt, 1961 (India)
• Ctenolepisma burmanica (Parona, 1892) (Burma)
  [Synonym: Lepisma burmanica Parona, 1892]
• Ctenolepisma cabindae Mendes, 2002d (Angola)
• Ctenolepisma calva (Wygodzinsky, 1910) (Ceylon)
  [Synonym: Peliolepisma calva Wygodzinsky, 1910]
• Ctenolepisma canariensis Mendes et al., 1992 (Canary islands)
• Ctenolepisma ciliata (Dufour, 1831) (Mediterranean; Cape Verde; Afghanistan)
  [Synonyms: Lepisma ciliata Dufour, 1831, Ctenolepisma fuliginosa (Lucas, 1846), Lepisma fuliginosa Lucas, 1846]
• Ctenolepisma conductrix Silvestri, 1918 (Libya)
• Ctenolepisma confalonieri Silvestri, 1932 (Africa)
• Ctenolepisma decellei Mendes, 1982 (Chad)
• Ctenolepisma desaegeri Mendes, 1982 (Zaire)
• Ctenolepisma dewittei Mendes, 1982 (Zaire)
• Ctenolepisma dubitalis Wygodzinsky, 1959 (Leeward Island)
• Ctenolepisma dzhungaricum Kaplin, 1982 (Kazakhstan)
• Ctenolepisma electrans Mendes, 1998b (Dominican amber)
• Ctenolepisma fasciata (Lucas, 1863) (Senegal) doubtful
  [Synonym: Lepisma fasciata Lucas, 1863]
• Ctenolepisma feae Silvestri, 1908 (Cape Verde)
• Ctenolepisma gabuensis Mendes, 1985 (Guinea-Bissau)
• Ctenolepisma guadianica Mendes, 1992 (Portugal)
• Ctenolepisma guanche Mendes, 1993 (Canary Islands)
• Ctenolepisma guineensis Mendes, 1985 (Guinea-Bissau)
• Ctenolepisma gunini Kaplin, 1989 (Mongolia)
• Ctenolepisma halophila Kaplin, 1981 (Turkmenistan)
• Ctenolepisma howa Escherich in Voeltzkow, 1910 (Madagascar)
• Ctenolepisma hummelincki Wygodzinsky, 1959 (Windward Islands)
• Ctenolepisma immanis Mendes, 2004 (Socotra)
• Ctenolepisma incita Silvestri, 1918 (Africa)
• Ctenolepisma insulicola Mendes, 1984 (Greece)
• Ctenolepisma kaszabi Wygodzinsky, 1970a (Mongolia)
• Ctenolepisma kervillei Silvestri, 1911 (Syria; Iran; Oman)
• Ctenolepisma kuhitangicum Kaplin, 1993 (Turkmenistan)
• Ctenolepisma latisternata Mendes, 1993 (Congo basin)
• Ctenolepisma lindbergi Wygodzinsky, 1955 (Cape Verde)
• Ctenolepisma lineata (Fabricius, 1775) (type) - four-lined silverfish (Switzerland, South Europe)
  [Synonyms: Lepisma lineata Fabricius, 1775, Ctenolepisma annuliseta (Lucas, 1840), Lepisma annuliseta Lucas, 1840, Ctenolepisma mauritanica (Lucas, 1846), Lepisma mauritanica Lucas, 1846, Ctenolepisma parisiensis (Nicolet, 1847), Lepisma parisiensis Nicolet, 1847, Ctenolepisma pilifera (Lucas, 1840), Lepisma pilifera Lucas, 1840, Ctenolepisma quadriseriata (Packard, 1873), Lepisma quadriseriata Packard, 1873, Ctenolepisma reticulata (Schäffer, 1897), Lepisma reticulata Schäffer, 1897, Ctenolepisma rubroviolacea (Schäffer, 1897), Lepisma rubroviolacea Schäffer, 1897, Ctenolepisma subvittata (Guerin, 1838), Lepisma subvittata Guerin, 1838, Ctenolepisma vittata (Fabricius, 1798), Lepisma vittata Fabricius, 1798]
• Ctenolepisma longicaudata Escherich, 1905 - grey silverfish (Cosmopolitan)
  [Synonym: Ctenolepisma urbana Slabaugh, 1940]
• Ctenolepisma madagascariensis Escherich in Voeltzkow, 1910 (Madagascar)
• Ctenolepisma maroccana Mendes, 1980 (Morocco)
• Ctenolepisma michaelseni Escherich, 1905
• Ctenolepisma nicoletii (Lucas, 1846) (type) - four-lined silverfish (Algeria, Morocco, Canary islands, Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands)
  [Synonyms: Ctenolepisma eatoni (Ridley, 1881), Lepisma eatoni Ridley, 1881, Lepisma nicoletii Lucas, 1846]
• Ctenolepisma nigerica Mendes, 1982 (Nigeria)
• Ctenolepisma nigra (Oudemans in Weber, 1890) (Indonesia; India)
  [Synonym: Lepisma nigra Oudemans in Weber, 1890]
• Ctenolepisma petiti (Lucas, 1840) (Senegal) doubtful
  [Synonym: Lepisma petiti Lucas, 1840]
• Ctenolepisma picturata Wygodzinsky, 1955 (South Africa)
• Ctenolepisma pinicola Uchida, 1964 (Japan)
• Ctenolepisma pretoriana Wygodzinsky, 1955 (South Africa)
• Ctenolepisma przewalskyi Kaplin, 1982 (Kirgizia)
• Ctenolepisma rodriguezi Mendes et al., 1992 (Canary islands)
• Ctenolepisma roszkowskii Stach, 1935 (Israel; Tunisia)
• Ctenolepisma rothschildi Silvestri, 1907 (Africa; Ethiopia?)
  [Synonyms: Ctenolepisma diversisquamis Silvestri, 1908, Ctenolepisma reducta Folsom, 1923]
• Ctenolepisma sabirovae Kaplin, 1980 (Turkmenistan)
• Ctenolepisma sanctaehelenae Wygodzinsky, 1970b (Saint Helena)
• Ctenolepisma sergii Kaplin, 1982 (Kazakhstan)
• Ctenolepisma serranoi Mendes, 1985 (Guinea-Bissau)
  [Synonym: Ctenolepisma gambiana Irish, 1986]
• Ctenolepisma somaliensis Mendes, 1988 (Somalia)
• Ctenolepisma submagna Silvestri, 1908 (Portuguese Guinea)
• Ctenolepisma sudanica Mendes, 1982 (Sudan)
• Ctenolepisma tanzanica Mendes, 1982 (Tanzania)
• Ctenolepisma targioniana Silvestri, 1908 (central Africa; Brazil; Venezuela; Antilles)
• Ctenolepisma targionii (Grassi & Rovelli, 1889) (Mediterranean)
  [Synonym: Lepisma targionii Grassi & Rovelli, 1889]
• Ctenolepisma tavaresi Navás, 1906 (Portugal) doubtful
• Ctenolepisma tenebrica Silvestri, 1949 (central Africa)
• Ctenolepisma terebrans Silvestri, 1908 (South Africa)
  • Ctenolepisma terebrans pluriseta Silvestri, 1908 (South Africa; central Africa)
  • Ctenolepisma terebrans terebrans Silvestri, 1908
• Ctenolepisma turcomanicum Kaplin, 1993 (Turkmenistan
• Ctenolepisma unipectinata Mendes, 1982 (Kenya)
• Ctenolepisma unistila Silvestri, 1908 (Cape Verde)
• Ctenolepisma vanharteni Mendes, 2004 (Socotra)
• Ctenolepisma versluysi Escherich, 1905 (Mexico; Antilles)
• Ctenolepisma vieirai Mendes, 1981 (Madeira)
• Ctenolepisma villosa (Fabricius, 1775) (China; Japan; Korea)
  [Synonym: Lepisma villosa Fabricius, 1775]
• Ctenolepisma wahrmani Wygodzinsky, 1952 (Brazil)
• Ctenolepisma weberi Escherich, 1905 (South Africa)

Some images

• 

  Grey silverfish Ctenolepisma longicaudata

• 

  Underside of Grey silverfish (male)

• 

  Head of Grey silverfish

References

• Chinery, Michael (1986, reprinted 1991). Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe. ISBN 0-00-219170-9. 
• Fauna Europaea
• Nomina Insecta Nearctica
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