Dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the nasolacrimal sac, frequently caused by nasolacrimal duct obstruction or infection. The term derives from the Greek dákryon (tear),[1] cysta (sac), and -itis (inflammation). It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora. When nasolacrimal duct obstruction is secondary to a congenital barrier it is referred to as dacrocystoceles. It is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.[2] The most common complication is corneal ulceration, frequently in association with S. pneumoniae.[2] The mainstays of treatment are oral antibiotics, warm compresses, and relief of nasolacrimal duct obstruction by dacryocystorhinostomy.[2]
Clinical features [edit]
- Pain, swelling, redness over the lacrimal sac at medial canthus
- Tearing, crusting, fever
- Digital pressure over the lacrimal sac may extrude pus through the punctum
- In chronic cases, tearing may be the only symptom
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