Dallam County, Texas
| Dallam County, Texas | |
 The imposing Dallam County Courthouse in downtown Dalhart was constructed in 1922.
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 Location in the state of Texas |
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 Texas's location in the U.S. |
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| Founded | 1876[1] |
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| Seat | Dalhart |
| Area - Total - Land - Water |
1,505 sq mi (3,898 km²) 1,504 sq mi (3,895 km²) 1 sq mi (3 km²), 0.04% |
| Population - (2010) - Density |
6,703 5/sq mi (2/km²) |
| Website | www.dallam.org |
Dallam County is a county located in the far northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 6,703.[2] It is named for James Wilmer Dallam, a lawyer and newspaper publisher. Its seat is Dalhart[3]. It was founded in 1876.
Dallam is the northernmost of the ten Texas counties that from 1885-1912 constituted the legendary XIT Ranch. The ranch is still celebrated through the XIT Museum in Dalhart and the annual XIT Rodeo and Reunion held the first long weekend in August.
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[edit] Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,505 square miles (3,897.9 km2), of which 1,504 square miles (3,895.3 km2) is land and 1 square mile (2.6 km2) (0.04%) is water.
[edit] Major Highways
[edit] Adjacent counties
- Cimarron County, Oklahoma (north)
- Sherman County, Texas (east)
- Hartley County, Texas (south)
- Union County, New Mexico (west)
[edit] National protected area
[edit] History
Dallam County was formed in 1876 from portions of Bexar County. It was named after James Wilmer Dallam, an attorney and publisher of a newspaper. The first settlement in the area followed in 1870, which resulted in the Red River War of 1874 and 1875 with the native Comanche and Kiowa tribes. In 1900-01, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad company built a stretch from Enid, Oklahoma to Tucumcari, New Mexico, which ran through the county. The location where the tracks met those of the Fort Worth and Denver Railway was named Dalhart. The name is taken from the first letters of Dallam County and Hartley County, between which the town's area is divided. Within a short time, the small railroad stop turned into a sizable town and was named county seat in 1903.
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1890 | 112 |
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| 1900 | 146 | 30.4% | |
| 1910 | 4,001 | 2,640.4% | |
| 1920 | 4,528 | 13.2% | |
| 1930 | 7,830 | 72.9% | |
| 1940 | 6,494 | −17.1% | |
| 1950 | 7,640 | 17.6% | |
| 1960 | 6,302 | −17.5% | |
| 1970 | 6,012 | −4.6% | |
| 1980 | 6,531 | 8.6% | |
| 1990 | 5,461 | −16.4% | |
| 2000 | 6,222 | 13.9% | |
| 2010 | 6,703 | 7.7% | |
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Texas Almanac: 1850-2010[5] |
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As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 6,222 people, 2,317 households, and 1,628 families residing in the county. The population density was 4 people per square mile (2/km²). There were 2,697 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 82.64% White, 1.64% Black or African American, 0.90% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 12.41% from other races, and 2.20% from two or more races. 28.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 2,317 households out of which 39.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.10% were married couples living together, 9.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.70% were non-families. 26.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.24.
In the county, the population was spread out with 31.80% under the age of 18, 8.60% from 18 to 24, 28.80% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 10.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 102.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.30 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $27,946, and the median income for a family was $33,558. Males had a median income of $27,244 versus $19,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,653. About 11.30% of families and 14.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.40% of those under age 18 and 24.80% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Politics
Dallam County is located within District 86 of the Texas House of Representatives. The seat has been held by Amarillo attorney John T. Smithee, a Republican, since 1985. Dallam County as a whole is heavily Republican in orientation.
[edit] Cities and towns
[edit] Education
The following school districts serve Dallam County:
- Dalhart Independent School District
- Stratford Independent School District
- Texline Independent School District
[edit] See also
- List of museums in the Texas Panhandle
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallam County, Texas
[edit] References
- ^ "National Association of Counties". NACo. Archived from the original on 2007-10-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20071016044412/http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/state.cfm&statecode=tx. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
- ^ United States Census Bureau. "2010 Census Data". United States Census Bureau. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ U.S. Decennial Census
- ^ Texas Almanac: County Population History 1850-2010
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
[edit] External links
- Dalam County commissioners’ website
- Dallam County in Handbook of Texas Online at the University of Texas
- The XIT Ranch claims to have been the largest range in the world "under fence"
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Cimarron County, Oklahoma | |
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| Union County, New Mexico |  |
Sherman County | ||
 Dallam County, Texas  |
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| Hartley County |
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