Dean Burk
| M. Dean Burk, PhD | |
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| Born | March 21, 1904 |
| Died | October 6, 1988 (aged 84) |
| Alma mater |
University of California, Berkeley University of California, Davis |
Dean Burk (March 21, 1904 – October 6, 1988) was an American biochemist: a co-discoverer of biotin,[1] medical researcher, and a cancer researcher at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute and the National Cancer Institute. In 1934, he developed the Lineweaver–Burk plot together with Hans Lineweaver.[2]
Dean was the second of four sons born to Frederic Burk, the founder of the San Francisco Normal School, a preparatory school for teachers which eventually became San Francisco State University. He entered the University of California at Davis at the age of 15. A year later, he transferred to the University of California at Berkeley, where he received his B.S. in Entomology in 1923. Four years later he earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry.
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[edit] Professional career
Burk joined the Department of Agriculture in 1929 working in the Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory.[1] In 1939, he joined the Cancer Institute as a senior chemist. He was head of the cytochemistry laboratory when he retired in 1974. He also taught biochemistry at the Cornell University medical school from 1939 to 1941. He was a research master at George Washington University. Burk was a close friend and co-author with Otto Heinrich Warburg.[3] He was a co-developer of the prototype of the Magnetic Resonance Scanner and a co-discoverer of biotin.[1][4] Burk published more than 250 scientific articles in his lifetime.[5] He later became head of the National Cancer Institute's Cytochemistry Sector in 1938, although he is often mistaken as leading the entire facility.
[edit] Retirement
After retiring form the NCI in 1974 Dean Burk remained active. He devoted himself to his opposition to water fluoridation.[6][7] According to Burk "fluoridation is a form of public mass murder."[8][9] Dean Burk argued against water fluoridation proposal before the Dutch Parliament in the Netherlands.[9] Dean Burk also published on alternative cancer treatments, notably laetrile,[10] which was considered quackery already in the 1970s.
[edit] Recognition
For his work on photosynthesis, Dean Burk received the Hillebrand Prize in 1952. Dean Burk and Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered the photosynthesis I-quantum reaction that splits CO2 activated by respiration.[11] For his techniques to distinguish between normal cells and those damaged by cancer, Dean Burk was awarded the Gerhard Domagk Prize in 1965.[12]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Associated Press. (1988). Dean Burk, 84, Chemist for Cancer Institute. New York Times.
- ^ Lineweaver, H and Burk, D. (1934). "The Determination of Enzyme Dissociation Constants". Journal of the American Chemical Society 56 (3): 658–666. doi:10.1021/ja01318a036..
- ^ Weiterentwicklung der zellphysiologischen Methoden: angewandt auf Krebs, Photosynthese und Wirkungsweise der Röntgenstrahlung: Arbeiten aus den Jahren 1945–1961, (Thieme, Stuttgart 1962) (Trans: Further Developments of Methods in Cellular Physiology applied to Cancer, Photosynthesis and the Effects of X-ray Radiation) Texts in German and English.
- ^ I Weisman, L. Bennett, L. Maxwell Sr., M. Woods, and D. Burk (1972)"Recognition of Cancer in vivo by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance", Science 178, 1288 – 1290.
- ^ Burk D, Schade AL. On respiratory impairment in cancer cells. Science. 1956 Aug 10;124(3215):270-2.
- ^ J Yiamouyiannis, D Burk "Fluoridation and cancer, age-dependence of cancer mortality related to artificial fluoridation" Fluoride 1977.
- ^ Co9nsummer Health Articles: FLUORIDATION
- ^ 619 F. 2d 932 – Yiamouyiannis v. Consumers Union of United States Inc
- ^ a b John Yiamouyiannis, Appellant, v. Consumers Union of the United States, Inc., Appellee., 619 F.2d 932 (2nd Cir. 1980)
- ^ Burk, D. (1970). Laetrile and Cancer. Science News.
- ^ Otto Warburg - Biography - Nobelprize.org
- ^ "Dean Burk, 84, Chemist for Cancer Institute". The New York Times. October 10, 1988. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE0D81F3BF933A25753C1A96E948260.
