Deddington
Coordinates: 51°59′20″N 1°19′12″W / 51.989°N 1.320°W
| Deddington | |
 Deddington
Deddington shown within Oxfordshire |
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| Population | 2,123 (parish, including Clifton & Hempton) (2001 census)[1] |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | SP4631 |
| Civil parish | Deddington |
| District | Cherwell |
| Shire county | Oxfordshire |
| Region | South East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Banbury |
| Postcode district | OX15 |
| Dialling code | 01869 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Oxfordshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| EU Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | Banbury |
| Website | Deddington Online |
| List of places: UK • England • Oxfordshire | |
Deddington is a civil parish in Oxfordshire about 6 miles (10 km) south of Banbury. In scale Deddington is a village, but it has a town centre with a market place and the local football team is called Deddington Town FC.[2]
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[edit] History
The name is thought to derive from Daeda, probably an early Anglo-Saxon nobleman, and means "the place of the people of Daeda". The village is believed to have been first settled in the 6th or 7th century AD.
After the Norman conquest of England in 1066, William the Conqueror's step-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, held the manor of Deddington. Odo had Deddington Castle built in what is now the east of the town. The castle was almost completely demolished in the 14th century. There have been two archaeological excavations at the site, in 1947 and in 1978.[3] The remains were recovered once the excavations were complete and only the extensive earthworks are visible today.
On 9 June 1312 the Earl of Pembroke was escorting Piers Gaveston south after Gaveston's surrender to a group of rebellious earls at Scarborough Castle. The party stopped to rest at an inn in Deddington,[4] and Pembroke who had guaranteed Gaveston's safety to the king on pain of forfeiting his lands, went to visit his wife at Brampton in Northamptonshire. The Earl of Warwick with his men surrounded the inn and Gaveston, seeing that his guards would not fight, had to come outside to be chained and thrown in prison. Warwick, whom Gaveston had earlier called black cur (black dog), a serious insult at that time, had now bitten him. A few days later Gaveston, who had been appointed Earl of Cornwall by the king was taken to Warwick to be tried by the other earls and condemned to death. On June 19 he was taken to Blacklow Hill by the Earl of Lancaster and hacked to death by two Welshmen. This event is recalled by a chained eagle in Deddington's coat of arms.
[edit] Churches
The oldest parts of the Church of England parish church of St. Peter and St. Paul date from the early 13th century.[5] The church once had a tall spire but it collapsed onto the nave in 1634,[6] rendering it unusable for several years. The present tower has a ring of eight bells,[7] six cast in 1791 and two added in 1946. There are stained glass windows by Charles Kempe and A.J. Davies.
Deddington Wesleyan Reform Church was built in 1851[8] and is a member of the Wesleyan Reform Union.[9]
[edit] Old Court House
The Old Court House was a private home until 1854, when the architect J.C. Buckler converted it into a prison.[10] The architect William Wilkinson added the magistrates' room in 1874.[10] The building now houses the local public library.[11]
[edit] Schools
From 1673 Deddington had a charity school "in a corner of the church".[12] In 1815 separate boys' and girl's National Schools were founded to take over from the charity school.[12] By 1816 the two schools were teaching 35 children between them, including about 20 from neighbouring parishes.[12] By 1832 the school was housed in converted buildings, including a barn, attached to Appletree Farm in Hopcraft Lane.[12]
Support for Deddington's National Schools declined until in 1848 they had only 80 pupils between them.[12] Purpose-built boys' and girls' school buildings were designed by William Hambley of London and completed in 1854 on a new site in Banbury Road.[12] The two schools were an immediate success and pupil numbers recovered to 180 by 1856.[12] Attendance varied with the seasons, as in summer farm-workers' children tended to help more on the farm. In 1868, 247 children attended the school in winter but only 191 in summer.[12] Boys and girls remained in separate schools on the same site until 1908, when the girls' school became the infants' school and the boys' school became a mixed school for the older children.[12]
In 1951 the Windmill Secondary Modern School was completed on the site of the former windmill in Hempton Road[12] and the former National School was reorganised as a primary school. In 1958 the Diocese of Oxford modernised the primary school with a new kitchen, cloakrooms, WCs, corridor, a new classroom and enlarged windows for the old classrooms.[13] The modernisation was designed by the Diocesan Surveyor, the architect T. Lawrence Dale.[13]
In 1971 the Windmill School was closed, and since then most Deddington children of secondary school age have attended The Warriner School, Bloxham.[12] The former secondary school is now the Windmill Centre and is used by Deddington Pre-School.[14] Deddington Primary School continues to use the buildings in Banbury Road.[15]
[edit] Amenities
Deddington has a regular farmers' market, several local shops, hotels and restaurants and four pubs:
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- The Crown and Tuns[16] (controlled by Hook Norton Brewery[17])
- The Deddington Arms Hotel[18]
- The Red Lion Bar and Bistro
- The Unicorn Inn
[edit] References
- ^ "Area: Deddington CP (Parish): Parish Headcounts". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=798558&c=Deddington&d=16&e=15&g=480143&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1268136939862&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779. Retrieved 9 March 2010.
- ^ Deddington Town Football Club website.
- ^ Young Archaeologists club survey
- ^ Rose 2002, p. 190.
- ^ church history
- ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, pp. 568.
- ^ Oxford Diocesan Guild of Church Bell Ringers, Banbury Branch: Deddington
- ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 570.
- ^ The Wesleyan Reform Union: Circuits and Churches: Deddington Wesleyan Reform
- ^ a b Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 572.
- ^ Oxfordshire County Council: Deddington Library
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Crossley 1983, pp. 21–44.
- ^ a b "Transformation of School at Deddington". Oxford Mail. 9 April 1958.
- ^ Deddington OnLine: Deddington Pre-School
- ^ Welcome to Deddington Primary School
- ^ The Crown and Tuns
- ^ Hook Norton Brewery
- ^ Deddington Arms Hotel
[edit] Sources and further reading
- Colvin, H.M. (1963). A History of Deddington, Oxfordshire. London: SPCK.
- Crossley, Alan (ed.); Baggs, A.P.; Colvin, Christina; Colvin, H.M.; Cooper, Janet; Day, C.J.; Selwyn, Nesta; Tomkinson, A. (1983). A History of the County of Oxford, Volume 11: Wootton Hundred (northern part). Victoria County History. pp. 21–44.
- Risley, William Cotton (2007). Smedley-Stevenson, Geoffrey. ed. Early Victorian Squarson – The Diaries Of Willam Cotton Risley, Vicar Of Deddington Oxfordshire, Part One 1835 – 1848. Witney: Robert Boyd Publications for Banbury Historical Society. ISBN 0900129271.
- Rose, Alexander (2003) [2002]. Kings in the North: The House of Percy in British History. Orion Publishing Group. p. 190. ISBN 1 84212 485 4.
- Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). Oxfordshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 568–572. ISBN 0 14 071045 0.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Deddington |
- Deddington Online – parish website
- The Deddington News – news and current affairs for Deddington, Clifton and Hempton
- British Microlight Aircraft Association: British Microlight Aircraft Association – HQ in Deddington
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