Demographics of Indonesia
The population of Indonesia according to the 2010 national census is 237.6 million,[1] with 58% living on the island of Java,[1] the world's most populous island.[2]
Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since the 1960s,[3] the population is expected to grow to around 254 million by 2020 and 288 million by 2050,[4] falling to fifth behind Pakistan sometime before 2050.[5]
Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Since independence, Indonesian (a form of Malay and official national language) is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. Many local ethnic languages are the first language of most Indonesians and still important.
Contents |
[edit] List of Indonesian provinces' population
| Province | Population | In Cities (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Aceh | 4,486,570 | 23.6 |
| North Sumatra | 12,985,075 | 42.4 |
| West Sumatra | 4,845,998 | 29.0 |
| Riau | 5,543,031 | 43.7 |
| Jambi | 3,088,618 | 28.3 |
| South Sumatra | 7,446,401 | 34.4 |
| Bengkulu | 1,713,393 | 29.4 |
| Lampung | 7,596,115 | 21.0 |
| Bangka Belitung | 1,223,048 | 43.0 |
| Riau Islands | 1,685,698 | 67.4 |
| Banten | 10,644,030 | 52.2 |
| Jakarta | 9,588,198 | 100.0 |
| West Java | 43,021,826 | 50.3 |
| Central Java | 32,380,687 | 40.4 |
| Yogyakarta | 3,452,390 | 57.7 |
| East Java | 37,476,011 | 40.9 |
| Bali | 3,891,428 | 49.8 |
| West Nusa Tenggara | 4,496,855 | 34.8 |
| East Nusa Tenggara | 4,679,316 | 15.9 |
| West Kalimantan | 4,393,239 | 25.1 |
| Central Kalimantan | 2,202,599 | 27.5 |
| South Kalimantan | 3,626,119 | 36.3 |
| East Kalimantan | 3,550,586 | 57.6 |
| North Sulawesi | 2,265,937 | 37.0 |
| Gorontalo | 1,038,585 | 25.5 |
| Central Sulawesi | 2,633,420 | 19.7 |
| South Sulawesi | 8,032,551 | 29.4 |
| Southeast Sulawesi | 2,230,569 | 20.8 |
| West Sulawesi | 1,158,336 | -- |
| Maluku | 1,531,402 | 25.9 |
| North Maluku | 1,035,478 | 29.5 |
| Papua | 2,851,999 | 22.2 |
| West Papua | 760,855 | -- |
| Source: Population Census 2010[1] | ||
[edit] Largest cities
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Largest cities of Indonesia Statistics Indonesia (2010)[6] |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | City name | Province | Pop. | Rank | City name | Province | Pop. | ||
 Jakarta |
1 | Jakarta | Jakarta | 9,588,198 | 11 | South Tangerang | Banten | 1,290,322 |  Bandung |
| 2 | Surabaya | East Java | 2,765,487 | 12 | Bogor | West Java | 950,334 | ||
| 3 | Bandung | West Java | 2,394,873 | 13 | Batam | Riau Islands | 944,285 | ||
| 4 | Bekasi | West Java | 2,334,871 | 14 | Pekanbaru | Riau | 897,767 | ||
| 5 | Medan | North Sumatra | 2,097,610 | 15 | Bandar Lampung | Lampung | 881,801 | ||
| 6 | Tangerang | Banten | 1,798,601 | 16 | Padang | West Sumatra | 833,562 | ||
| 7 | Depok | West Java | 1,738,570 | 17 | Malang | East Java | 820,243 | ||
| 8 | Semarang | Central Java | 1,555,984 | 18 | Denpasar | Bali | 788,589 | ||
| 9 | Palembang | South Sumatra | 1,455,284 | 19 | Samarinda | East Kalimantan | 727,500 | ||
| 10 | Makassar | South Sulawesi | 1,338,663 | 20 | Tasikmalaya | West Java | 635,464 | ||
[edit] Vital statistics
[edit] UN estimates [7]
| Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR1 | CDR1 | NC1 | TFR1 | IMR1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950-1955 | 3 347 000 | 1 933 000 | 1 414 000 | 42.7 | 24.7 | 18.0 | 5.49 | 191.9 |
| 1955-1960 | 3 897 000 | 1 888 000 | 2 009 000 | 44.8 | 21.7 | 23.1 | 5.67 | 163.8 |
| 1960-1965 | 4 280 000 | 1 820 000 | 2 461 000 | 43.7 | 18.6 | 25.1 | 5.62 | 139.3 |
| 1965-1970 | 4 628 000 | 1 768 000 | 2 860 000 | 41.6 | 15.9 | 25.7 | 5.57 | 117.4 |
| 1970-1975 | 4 842 000 | 1 691 000 | 3 151 000 | 38.4 | 13.4 | 25.0 | 5.30 | 98.9 |
| 1975-1980 | 4 985 000 | 1 630 000 | 3 356 000 | 35.0 | 11.4 | 23.6 | 4.73 | 83.2 |
| 1980-1985 | 5 065 000 | 1 590 000 | 3 475 000 | 31.8 | 10.0 | 21.8 | 4.11 | 69.8 |
| 1985-1990 | 4 853 000 | 1 555 000 | 3 298 000 | 27.5 | 8.8 | 18.7 | 3.40 | 58.5 |
| 1990-1995 | 4 702 000 | 1 547 000 | 3 155 000 | 24.5 | 8.1 | 16.4 | 2.90 | 49.1 |
| 1995-2000 | 4 518 000 | 1 564 000 | 2 954 000 | 21.9 | 7.6 | 14.3 | 2.55 | 41.1 |
| 2000-2005 | 4 638 000 | 1 620 000 | 3 018 000 | 21.0 | 7.4 | 13.7 | 2.38 | 34.5 |
| 2005-2010 | 4 464 000 | 1 692 000 | 2 772 000 | 19.1 | 7.2 | 11.9 | 2.19 | 28.8 |
| 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births | ||||||||
[edit] Ethnic groups
At least 300 different ethnic groups have been counted in Indonesia.[8]
[edit] Religions
Although it is not an Islamic state, Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation, with almost 86.1% of Indonesians declared Muslim according to the 2000 census.[9] 8.7% of the population is Christian,[10] 3% are Hindu, and 1.8% Buddhist or other. Most Indonesian Hindus are Balinese,[11] and most Buddhists in modern-day Indonesia are ethnic Chinese.[12]
[edit] Languages
Indonesian is the official national language, but there are many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 living languages [13] the most widely spoken of which is Javanese.
A number of Chinese dialects, most prominently Min Nan, are also spoken. The public use of Chinese, especially Chinese characters, was officially discouraged between 1966 and 1998.
[edit] Literacy
definition: age 15 and over and can read and write
total population: 87.9%
male: 92.5%
female: 83.4% (2005 est.)
Education is not free; however, it is compulsory for children through to grade 9. Although about 92% of eligible children are enrolled in primary school, a much smaller percentage attend full time. About 44% of secondary school-age children attend junior high school, and some others of this age group attend vocational schools.
[edit] CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
 |
This section is in a list format that may be better presented using prose. You can help by converting this section to prose, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (January 2011) |
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook,[9] unless otherwise indicated.
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 27.7% (male 34,276,146/female 33,094,836)
- 15-64 years: 66.2% (male 80,806,409/female 80,065,855)
- 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,504,559/female 8,220,537) (2010 est.)
Median age
- total: 27.9 years
- male: 27.4 years
- female: 28.4 years (2010 est.)
Population growth rate
- 1.097% (2010 est.)
Net migration rate
- -1.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
12
Urbanization
- urban population: 52% of total population (2008)
- rate of urbanization: 3.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female
- total population: 1 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 71.05 years
- male: 68.53 years
- female: 73.69 years (2010 est.)
HIV/AIDS
- Adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2007 est.)
- People living with HIV/AIDS: 270,000 (2007 est.)
- HIV/AIDS deaths: 8,700 (2007 est.)
Nationality
- noun: Indonesian(s)
- adjective: Indonesian
- Ethnic groups: Javanese 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Betawi 2.4%, Bugis 2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar 1.7%, other or unspecified 29.9% (2000 census)
Religions
- Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)
Languages
- Indonesian (official, a form of Malay influenced from other languages in Indonesia), Dutch, local languages (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese).
Literacy
- definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 90.4%
- male: 94%
- female: 86.8% (2004 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 11 years
- male: 12 years
- female: 11 years (2005)
Education expenditures
- 3.6% of GDP (2006)
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Central Bureau of Statistics: Census 2010, retrieved 17 January 2011 (Indonesian)
- ^ Calder, Joshua (3 May 2006). "Most Populous Islands". World Island Information. http://www.worldislandinfo.com/POPULATV2.htm. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ Witton, Patrick (2003). Indonesia. Melbourne: Lonely Planet. p. 47. ISBN 1-74059-154-2.
- ^ World Population Prospects (2008) http://esa.un.org/unpp/
- ^ World Population to 2300 (Table 5) http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/longrange2/WorldPop2300final.pdf
- ^ http://www.datastatistik-indonesia.com/component/option,com_tabel/task,/Itemid,165/
- ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
- ^ Kuoni - Far East, A world of difference. Page 88. Published 1999 by Kuoni Travel & JPM Publications
- ^ a b Central Intelligence Agency (2009). "Indonesia". The World Factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
- ^ of which roughly two-thirds are Protestant
- ^ Oey, Eric (1997). Bali (3rd ed.). Singapore: Periplus Editions. ISBN 962-593-028-0
- ^ "Indonesia - Buddhism". U.S. Library of Congress. http://countrystudies.us/indonesia/40.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
- ^ ethnologue.com
[edit] External links
- Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (Indonesian)
- CIA World Factbook article on Indonesia
- On Indonesians of Arab descent
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