Dermcidin

Dermcidin
Solution structure of dermcidin-1L.
Identifiers
Symbols	DCD; HCAP; AIDD; DCD-1; DSEP; MGC71930; PIF
External IDs	OMIM: 606634 HomoloGene: 89039 GeneCards: DCD Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • manganese ion binding Cellular component • extracellular region Biological process • xenobiotic metabolic process • defense response to bacterium • defense response to fungus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	117159	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000161634	n/a
UniProt	P81605	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_053283	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_444513	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 53.32 – 53.33 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[1]	n/a

Dermcidin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCD gene. Dermcidin is an anti-microbial (antibiotic) peptide released by human sweat glands.

Function

Dermcidin is a secreted protein that is subsequently processed into mature peptides of distinct biological activities. The C-terminal peptide is constitutively expressed in sweat and has antibacterial and antifungal activities. The N-terminal peptide, also known as diffusible survival evasion peptide, promotes neural cell survival under conditions of severe oxidative stress. A glycosylated form of the N-terminal peptide may be associated with cachexia (muscle wasting) in cancer patients.

Further reading

• Todorov P, Cariuk P, McDevitt T, et al. (1996). "Characterization of a cancer cachectic factor.". Nature 379 (6567): 739–42. doi:10.1038/379739a0. PMID 8602222. 
• Todorov PT, Deacon M, Tisdale MJ (1997). "Structural analysis of a tumor-produced sulfated glycoprotein capable of initiating muscle protein degradation.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (19): 12279–88. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.19.12279. PMID 9139670. 
• Cunningham TJ, Hodge L, Speicher D, et al. (1998). "Identification of a survival-promoting peptide in medium conditioned by oxidatively stressed cell lines of nervous system origin.". J. Neurosci. 18 (18): 7047–60. PMID 9736629. 
• Cunningham TJ, Jing H, Wang Y, Hodge L (2000). "Calreticulin binding and other biological activities of survival peptide Y-P30 including effects of systemic treatment of rats.". Exp. Neurol. 163 (2): 457–68. doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7390. PMID 10833321. 
• Cunningham TJ, Jing H, Akerblom I, et al. (2002). "Identification of the human cDNA for new survival/evasion peptide (DSEP): studies in vitro and in vivo of overexpression by neural cells.". Exp. Neurol. 177 (1): 32–9. doi:10.1006/exnr.2002.7979. PMID 12429208. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Porter D, Weremowicz S, Chin K, et al. (2003). "A neural survival factor is a candidate oncogene in breast cancer.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (19): 10931–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.1932980100. PMC 196905. PMID 12953101. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=196905. 
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (2005). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.". Protein Sci. 13 (10): 2819–24. doi:10.1110/ps.04682504. PMC 2286551. PMID 15340161. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2286551. 
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, et al. (2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions.". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=515316. 
• Monitto CL, Dong SM, Jen J, Sidransky D (2005). "Characterization of a human homologue of proteolysis-inducing factor and its role in cancer cachexia.". Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (17): 5862–9. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0435. PMID 15355918. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Lai YP, Peng YF, Zuo Y, et al. (2005). "Functional and structural characterization of recombinant dermcidin-1L, a human antimicrobial peptide.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 328 (1): 243–50. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.143. PMID 15670776. 
• Rieg S, Steffen H, Seeber S, et al. (2005). "Deficiency of dermcidin-derived antimicrobial peptides in sweat of patients with atopic dermatitis correlates with an impaired innate defense of human skin in vivo.". J. Immunol. 174 (12): 8003–10. PMID 15944307. 
• Watchorn TM, Dowidar N, Dejong CH, et al. (2006). "The cachectic mediator proteolysis inducing factor activates NF-kappaB and STAT3 in human Kupffer cells and monocytes.". Int. J. Oncol. 27 (4): 1105–11. PMID 16142329. 
• Baechle D, Flad T, Cansier A, et al. (2006). "Cathepsin D is present in human eccrine sweat and involved in the postsecretory processing of the antimicrobial peptide DCD-1L.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (9): 5406–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M504670200. PMID 16354654. 
• Lowrie AG, Wigmore SJ, Wright DJ, et al. (2006). "Dermcidin expression in hepatic cells improves survival without N-glycosylation, but requires asparagine residues.". Br. J. Cancer 94 (11): 1663–71. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603148. PMC 2361319. PMID 16685272. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2361319. 
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry.". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1847948. 
• Frum R, Busby SA, Ramamoorthy M, et al. (2007). "HDM2-binding partners: interaction with translation elongation factor EF1alpha.". J. Proteome Res. 6 (4): 1410–7. doi:10.1021/pr060584p. PMID 17373842. 
• Lee Motoyama JP, Kim-Motoyama H, Kim P, et al. (2007). "Identification of dermcidin in human gestational tissue and characterization of its proteolytic activity.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 357 (4): 828–33. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.03.112. PMID 17448443. 

External links

• MeSH Dermcidins