GM Family 0 engine
The Family 0 is a family of inline piston engines that was developed by Opel, a subsidiary of General Motors, as a low-displacement engine for use on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall.
The engine features light cast-iron engine block, aluminum cylinder head with Hollowcast camshafts and DOHC valvetrains driven by chain. Modern versions use variable intake length and VVT.
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[edit] First generation
The engine was first introduced in 1996 Opel Corsa as a 3-cylinder version.
- X10XE'1.0 L' Straight-3 (973 cc): 40 kW / 55 hp, 82 N·m (60 lb·ft) @ 2800 rpm ( Corsa B )
- Z10XE'1.0 L' Straight-3 (973 cc): 43 kW / 58 hp, 85 N·m (63 lb·ft) ( Corsa C )
- X12XE'1.2 L' Straight-3 (1199 cc): 72.5 mm (2.85 in) bore, 72.6 mm (2.86 in) stroke, 10.1:1 compression, 65 hp (48 kW) @ 5600 rpm, 110 N·m (81 lb·ft) @ 4000 rpm ( Corsa B )
- Z12XE'1.2 L' Straight-4 (1199 cc): 72.5 mm (2.85 in) bore, 72.6 mm (2.86 in) stroke, 10.1:1 compression, 75 hp (55 kW) @ 5600 rpm, 110 N·m (81 lb·ft) @ 4000 rpm ( Corsa C )
[edit] TwinPort
New, updated version of the engine, introduced in 2003. Features TwinPort technology - twin intake ports with a choke closing one of the ports at low RPM, providing strong air swirl pattern for higher torque levels and better fuel economy.
- Z10XEP 1.0 L Straight-3 (998 cc): 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 78.6 mm (2.94 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 60 hp (44 kW) @ 5600 rpm, 65 lbs.ft (88 Nm) @ 3800 rpm.
- Z12XEP 1.2 L Straight-4 (1229 cc): 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 72.6 mm (2.86 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 80 hp (59 kW) @ 5600 rpm, 81 lbs.ft (110 Nm) @ 4000 rpm.
- Z14XEP 1.4 L Straight-4 (1364 cc): 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 80.6 mm (3.2 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 90 hp (66 kW) @ 5600 rpm, 92 lbs.ft (125 Nm) @ 4000 rpm.
For model year 2011, the Ecotec Twinport 1.2 and 1.4 engines have been updated with double cam phasing.
Ecotec TwinPort engines are used in:
[edit] EcoFLEX
The EcoFlex engine is a version of the TwinPort tuned to provide better fuel economy and lower emissions. The 1.4 L engine was introduced in 2008 and 1.0 L engine in 2010.
- 1.0 L Straight-3 (998 cc): 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 78.6 mm (2.94 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 64 hp (48 kW) @ 5300 rpm, 66 lbs.ft (90 Nm) @ 4000 rpm.
- 1.4 L Straight-4 (1398 cc): 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 82.6 mm (3.3 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 130 N·m (96 lb·ft) @ 4000 rpm, 87 hp (65 kW) @ 5600 rpm or 100 hp (75 kW) @ 6000 rpm
The EcoFlex engine is used in:
- Opel Corsa EcoFLEX
- Opel Astra EcoFLEX
- Opel Agila EcoFLEX
[edit] Turbo
Opel and US-market Chevrolet versions of the Delta II platform compact cars use a turbocharged version of the 1.4 L engine with of variable valve timing; in the future, an optional gasoline direct injection system will be introduced.[1][2] This small turbocharged engine will deliver the performance of much larger naturally aspirated engines while maintaining fuel efficiency of a small engine. EPA estimated highway fuel economy is 42 mpg.[3] Opel versions feature Start&Stop system from 2011; a lower-power 120 ps version has been introduced as well.
- A14NET: 1.4 L Straight-4 (1364 cc): 72.5 mm (2.85 in) bore, 82.6 mm (3.3 in) stroke, 9.5:1 compression, 140 PS (103.0 kW; 138.1 hp) @ 4900-6000 rpm, 200 N·m (150 lb·ft) @ 1850-4900 rpm.
- A14NEL: 1.4 L Straight-4 (1364 cc): 72.5 mm (2.85 in) bore, 82.6 mm (3.3 in) stroke, 9.5:1 compression, 120 PS (88.3 kW; 118.4 hp) @ 4200 rpm, 200 N·m (150 lb·ft) @ 1850-4900 rpm.
The engine is used in:
- 2010–present Opel Astra
- 2010–present Opel Meriva
- 2011–present Chevrolet Cruze (RPO LUJ in North America)
- 2012–present Chevrolet Sonic (RPO LUJ in North America)
[edit] HCCI
The direct injection version of 1.4 L VVT Turbo engine will be able to operate in ignition-less HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) mode [4][5] when equipped with two-step adjustable valve lift with variable cam phasing and advanced ECU with cylinder pressure sensors. 6.8–8 km/litre (16-19 mpg) in the city(over 800 km). 9–12 km/litre (21-28 mpg) on the highway (over 800 km) [in which vehicle?].
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "GM Announces Two New Fuel Efficient Engines author= GM Media Online". http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewpressreldetail.do?domain=827&docid=45710.
- ^ GM Media Online. "NEW 1.4 TURBO product flyer". http://media.gm.com/servlet/com.gm.mol.auth.MOLogon?key=pr_eurgmen_108560&country=eur&language=en.
- ^ "Is the Chevy Cruze an enthusiasts' car?". Motor Trend. http://www.motortrend.com/features/auto_news/2011/1110_is_the_chevy_cruze_an_enthusiasts_car/. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- ^ General Motors. "GM Media Online: A Look Into the Future of Engines and Transmissions". http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewpressreldetail.do?domain=137&docid=45732.
- ^ GM Media Online. "CONTROLLED AUTO-IGNITION HCCI product flyer". http://media.gm.com/servlet/com.gm.mol.auth.MOLogon?key=pr_eurgmen_108560&country=eur&language=en.
