Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
| Edinburgh of the Seven Seas "The Settlement" |
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 Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
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| Coordinates: 37°4′2.2″S 12°18′36″W / 37.067278°S 12.31°W | |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| British overseas territory |  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha |
| Island |  Tristan da Cunha |
| First inhabited | 1816 |
| Named | 1867 |
| Founder | William Glass (British Army) |
| Named for | Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh |
| Capital of | Tristan da Cunha |
| Population (2009) | |
| • Total | 264 |
| Time zone | GMT (UTC+0) |
| Area code(s) | +290 8xxx |
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is the main settlement of the island of Tristan da Cunha, in the Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha overseas territory of the United Kingdom, in the South Atlantic Ocean. Locally it is always referred to as The Settlement or The Village.[1]
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is regarded as the most remote permanent settlement in the world, being 1,350 miles (2173 kilometres)[2] from the nearest human settlement, on Saint Helena.
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[edit] History
The settlement was founded on the Tristan da Cunha island in 1816 by a Sergeant Glass from the Borders of Scotland[citation needed] after the UK annexed Tristan da Cunha. A military garrison was maintained on the islands as a guard against any French attempts to rescue Napoleon, imprisoned on Saint Helena. The military garrison remained until the end of World War II.
It is named after Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria, in honor of his visit to the island in 1867.[3]
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is the only major settlement of Tristan da Cunha, and contains a small port, the Administrator's residence, and the post office. It was damaged in a volcanic eruption on the island in 1961 which forced the entire population to abandon the settlement and move to the UK. The eruption destroyed the settlement's crayfish factory.
After the return of most of the islanders in 1963, the settlement was rebuilt. The harbour at Edinburgh was named Calshot Harbour, after the place in Hampshire where the islanders temporarily stayed.[4]
[edit] Geography
[edit] Climate
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas has a mild and humid oceanic climate (Cfb, according to the Köppen climate classification), with moderate temperatures throughout the year.
| Climate data for Edinburgh of the Seven Seas | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 20 (68) |
21 (70) |
20 (68) |
18 (64) |
17 (63) |
15 (59) |
14 (57) |
14 (57) |
14 (57) |
15 (59) |
17 (63) |
19 (66) |
17 (62.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 16 (61) |
17 (63) |
16 (61) |
15 (59) |
13 (55) |
11 (52) |
11 (52) |
10 (50) |
10 (50) |
11 (52) |
13 (55) |
15 (59) |
13.2 (55.7) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 93 (3.66) |
113 (4.45) |
121 (4.76) |
129 (5.08) |
155 (6.1) |
160 (6.3) |
160 (6.3) |
175 (6.89) |
169 (6.65) |
151 (5.94) |
128 (5.04) |
127 (5) |
1,681 (66.18) |
| Avg. rainy days | 18 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 23 | 25 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 18 | 19 | 251 |
| Sunshine hours | 139.5 | 142.8 | 145.7 | 129 | 108.5 | 99 | 105.4 | 105.4 | 120 | 133.3 | 138 | 130.2 | 1,496.8 |
| Source: climatetemp.info[5] | |||||||||||||
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| Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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[edit] Gallery
[edit] References
- ^ Saint Helena Independent 25 March 2011 p. 3
- ^ http://www.tristandc.com/settlement.php
- ^ Courtney, Nicholas (2004). The Queen's Stamps. ISBN 0413772284, page 28. The visit took place during the circumnavigation the Duke of Edinburgh did while commanding the HMS Galatea. Tristan da Cunha post office issued four stamps in 1967 to celebrate the centenary of this visit.
- ^ Calshot Harbour
- ^ "Climate Data". climatetemp.info. http://www.climatetemp.info/tristan-da-cunha/. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
[edit] External links
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