Estadio Azteca

Estadio Azteca Aztec Stadium
El Coloso de Santa Úrsula
Location	Mexico City, Mexico
Broke ground	1961
Opened	May 29, 1966
Renovated	1985
Owner	Televisa
Operator	Club América
Surface	Grass
Construction cost	MXN$ 260 million
Architect	Pedro Ramírez Vázquez Rafael Mijares Alcérreca
Capacity	105,000
Executive suites	856
Record attendance	119,853 (Mexico-Brazil, 7 July 1968)
Field dimensions	105 x 68 m
Tenants
Mexico national football team (1966–present) América (Liga MX) (1966–present) Necaxa (1966–70 and 1982–2003) Atlante (1966–82, 1996–2001 and 2004–2007) Universidad Nacional (1967–1969) Atlético Español (1970–1982) Cruz Azul (1971–1996) American Bowl (1994, 1997–1998, and 2000–2001) NFL International Series (2005)

Estadio Azteca (Spanish pronunciation: [esˈtaðjo aθˈteka], Aztec Stadium) is a stadium in Santa Ursula, Mexico City, Mexico. It is the official home stadium of the Mexico national football team and the Mexican club Club América.

The stadium was the venue for football in the 1968 Summer Olympics.

It has the honour of being the only stadium in the world to have hosted two FIFA World Cup Finals. In the 1970 World Cup final, Brazil defeated Italy 4–1 and in the 1986 World Cup final, Argentina defeated West Germany 3–2. It also hosted the 1986 quarter-final between Argentina and England in which Diego Maradona scored both the "Hand of God goal" and the "Goal of the Century". The stadium also hosted the "Game of the Century", when Italy defeated West Germany 4–3 in extra time in one of the 1970 semifinals. With a capacity of 105,064, it is the third largest stadium in the American continent, fifth largest in the world and the largest association football-specific stadium in the world.

History

The opening game was between Club América and Torino F.C. on May 29, 1966, with seats for 107,494 spectators. The first goal was scored by Brazilian Arlindo Dos Santos Cruz and the second one by Brazilian José Alves "Zague"; later, the Italians tied the game, which ended 2–2. Mexican president Gustavo Díaz Ordaz made the initial kick and FIFA president Sir Stanley Rous was the witness.

An internal view of the stadium

A modern illumination system was inaugurated on June 5, 1966 with the first night game between Valencia C.F. and Necaxa. The first goal of the game was scored by Honduran José Cardona. In this game Roberto Martínez o Caña Brava scored the first goal made by a Mexican. The final score was 3–1 in favor of Valencia C.F..

There is a commemorative plaque with the names of the first goal scorer in the first daylight match and in the first night game.

Estadio Azteca is also the site in which Pelé and Diego Maradona (during the 1970 and 1986 FIFA World Cup) lifted the trophy for the last time (The Jules Rimet Trophy and the current FIFA World Cup Trophy, respectively).

The stadium has also hosted international club tournaments such at the Copa InterAmericana and the Copa Libertadores de América.

Mexico have historically had a significant home-field advantage at the stadium. They were 23–0–1 against the United States until August 2012 when the US won a friendly 1–0.

Estadio Azteca has also been used for musical performances throughout its history. Michael Jackson (5 sold-out shows in 1993), U2 (in 2006 and 2011), Luis Miguel (in 2002), Elton John, Maná, Juan Gabriel, Gloria Estefan, Jaguares, Lenny Kravitz, *Nsync, Hanson, Ana Gabriel, and The Three Tenors all have become part of the stadium's main spectacle. The stadium has also been used for political events, including Mexican president Felipe Calderón's campaign closure in 2006, as well as religious events, like the appearance of Pope John Paul II in 1999.

Notable events

Spectators outside Estadio Azteca

Estadio Azteca has hosted a variety of international sporting competitions, including:

• 1968 Summer Olympics
• 1970 FIFA World Cup
• 1975 Pan American Games
• 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship
• 1986 FIFA World Cup
• 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup
• 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup
• On October 2, 2005, the first international regular-season game in the history of the NFL was played in the stadium between the San Francisco 49ers and the Arizona Cardinals. The game was a 31–14 victory for the Cardinals and held the record of the largest crowd to attend a regular season NFL game with 103,467.
• On February 20, 1993, Julio César Chávez fought Greg Haugen in front of 132,247 spectators.
• In October and November 1993, Michael Jackson finished the Dangerous World Tour with 5 sold out shows at this stadium, for a total of 550,000 people (110,000 per show, more than any other artist or band, Mexican or International).^{[citation needed]}
• On May 14, 2011, Irish rock band U2 presented the 360° Tour scoring the most-attended concert on the tour with a total attendance of 110,000 people
• On May 8, 2012, Paul McCartney performed at the Estadio Azteca for the first time in his career, in a non-sold-out concert for 53,000 people. On previous tours he performed at Foro Sol.

Access and entrance

It is served by the Azteca station on the Xochimilco Light Rail line. This line is an extension of the Mexico City metro system which begins at Metro Tasqueña station and ends in the Xochimilco Light Rail Station.

Tickets are available, up to kick-off times, from the ticket office which is located at the front of the stadium, just down the exit ramps from the Azteca station. Tickets start from as little as 150 pesos (12 U.S. Dollars as of 2010). For bigger matches such as Club América's games against Chivas de Guadalajara, Cruz Azul and UNAM Pumas where sellouts are common, numerous touts circulate offering tickets at competitive prices.

A panorama of Estadio Azteca during a Club América match (Mexico City) vs Tecos (Guadalajara),

Name

Estadio Azteca.

The name "Azteca" is a tribute to the Aztec heritage of Mexico City. The stadium has never been the Olympic Stadium. This role in 1968 was for Estadio Olímpico Universitario. The stadium is now owned by Mexican TV consortium Televisa. In order to avoid people associating the stadium's name with that of its rival TV Azteca, Televisa officially changed the stadium's name to Guillermo Cañedo, a top executive, long-time football advocate at Televisa and prominent member of the executive committee of FIFA. The change took place in 1997, following Cañedo's death on January 20, 1997. However the change did not go well with the general population, who generally refused to refer to the stadium by its formally new name. Following a schism where two of Cañedo's sons, who worked at Televisa, switched camps and went to TV Azteca, Televisa quietly returned the stadium's name to its original version. Some people did not even notice, as they usually referred to the stadium as "Azteca" during the name change.

Plaque commemorating the "Game of the Century" played between Italy and Germany.

The stadium has been given the nickname of "Coloso de Santa Ursula" which, in English, means "Colossus of Saint Ursula", due to its large structure. Santa Ursula refers to the part of town where the stadium resides in Mexico City.

Monuments and memorials

A bronze plaque of Maradona's "Goal of the Century" was placed outside the stadium. In addition, a monument memorializes the "Game of the Century."

Losses at the Azteca

Historically, Mexico has been very successful when playing in their home stadium. Out of all the matches Mexico has played in this stadium, they have only been defeated 1 time, in official games. And 8 times in friendlies.

Opponent	Costa Rica (1-2)	United States (1-0)

See also

• List of football stadiums in Mexico

Further reading

• "Magical memories live on in the vaunted Azteca" - fifaworldcup.com - FIFA

External links

• Official Site of the Estadio Azteca

Preceded by National Stadium Tokyo	Summer Olympics Football Men's Finals (Estadio Azteca) 1968	Succeeded by Olympiastadion Munich
Preceded by Wembley Stadium London	FIFA World Cup Final Venue 1970	Succeeded by Olympiastadion Munich
Preceded by Santiago Bernabéu Madrid	FIFA World Cup Final Venue 1986	Succeeded by Stadio Olimpico Rome
Preceded by Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Los Angeles	CONCACAF Gold Cup Final Venue 1993	Succeeded by Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Los Angeles
Preceded by King Fahd II Stadium Riyadh	FIFA Confederations Cup Final Venue 1999	Succeeded by International Stadium Yokohama Yokohama
Preceded by Rose Bowl Pasadena	CONCACAF Gold Cup Final Venue 2003	Succeeded by Giants Stadium East Rutherford
Preceded by first venue	National Football League Host stadium of international regular season game San Francisco 49ers v. Arizona Cardinals 2 October 2005	Succeeded by Wembley Stadium, London, England New York Giants v. Miami Dolphins 28 October 2007