Euphorbia canariensis
| Euphorbia canariensis | |
|---|---|
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| Canary Island Spurge | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Euphorbioideae |
| Tribe: | Euphorbieae |
| Subtribe: | Euphorbiinae |
| Genus: | Euphorbia |
| Species: | E. canariensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Euphorbia canariensis L.[1] |
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| Synonyms | |
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Euphorbia canariensis Forssk. |
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Euphorbia canariensis, commonly known as the Canary Island Spurge or as Hercules Club to horticulturalists[5] is a succulent member of the family Euphorbiaceae and genus Euphorbia[1] that grows natively in the arid and humid environment of the lowest areas in the Canary Islands where it is also endemic to.[6]
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[edit] Description
Canary Island Spurge is a small tree, growing to 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 4 metres (13 ft) high. Fleshy quadrangular or pentagonal trunks that are like a cactus. The leaves grow in clusters of three or four and have 'turned into spines' 5 millimetres (0.20 in) to 14 millimetres (0.55 in) long. Reddish-green flowers.[6] Hardy to −2 °C (28 °F).[7]
The latex which contains diterpenes[8] is considered highly toxic.[9]
[edit] Distribution
Found on the narrow coastal belt, from sea level to 0 metres (0 ft) to 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) in the Canary Islands.[9]
[edit] References
- ^ a b Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1998-10-29). "Taxon: Euphorbia canariensis L." (HTML). Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?16353. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. "whole name = Euphorbia canariensis" (HTML). http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Euphorbia+canariensis&output_format=normal. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ Wijnands, D. O. (1983). "Euphorbiaceae" (HTML). The Botany of the Commelins: A Taxonomical, Nomenclatural, and Historical. CRC Press. ISBN 9061912628. http://books.google.com/books?id=eb_dEGP56-QC&pg=PT110&lpg=PT110&source=web&ots=Ivi7E5xWYf&sig=x-oy4gl6MdQUb_04iF_zSmxCglI&hl=en#PPT111,M1. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^
Decandolle, A.P. (1837). "Euphorbia canariensis" (HTML). Plantarum historia succulentarum = Histoire des plantes grasses. http://www.illustratedgarden.org/mobot/rarebooks/page.asp?relation=SB438C361799V3&identifier=0197. Retrieved 2008-03-22. - ^ Barbara J. Collins, Ph.D. (2007-08-09). "Photographs of succulents Euphorbia canariensis 4744" (HTML). Photographs of succulents. California Lutheran University. http://www.callutheran.edu/gf/plants/category/gar-4744.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ a b "Canary Islands Flora - Arid Habitat" (HTML). http://www.canaryislandflora.com/arid.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ Thijs de Graaf. "Euphorbia" (HTML). euphorbia engels. http://www.tuin-thijs.com/euphorbia-engels.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ Marco, J.A. : Sanz Cervera, J.F. : Yuste, A., J (1997 June). "Ingenane and lathyrane diterpenes from the latex of Euphorbia canariensis."Phytochemistry-Oxford (Elsevier Science Ltd.) 45 (3): 563–570. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00018-6. http://grande.nal.usda.gov/ibids/index.php?mode2=detail&origin=ibids_references&therow=428571. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ a b University of Connecticut (18 March 2008). "Euphorbia canariensis L." (HTML). EEB Greenhouse Accession Data. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses. http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/199200318.html. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
[edit] External links
Media related to Euphorbia canariensis at Wikimedia Commons- Decandolle, A.P. (1837). "Illustration of Euphorbia canariensis" (HTML). Plantarum historia succulentarum = Histoire des plantes grasses. http://www.illustratedgarden.org/mobot/rarebooks/page.asp?relation=SB438C361799V3&identifier=0201. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
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