European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System
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This page describes ECTS-credits. For information about the ECTS grading system go to ECTS grading scale.
European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a standard for comparing the study attainment and performance of students of higher education across the European Union and other collaborating European countries. For successfully completed studies, ECTS credits are awarded. One academic year corresponds to 60 ECTS-credits that are equivalent to 1500-1800 hours of study in all countries irrespective of standard or qualification type and is used to facilitate transfer and progression throughout the Union.
The ECTS will be complemented by the European credit transfer system for vocational education and training (ECVET) which the ministers responsible for vocational training in 32 European countries agreed to develop in the Maastricht Communiqué of 14 December 2004.
ECTS also includes a standard ECTS grading scale, intended to be shown in addition to local (i.e. national) standard grades [1]:
| Country | CP/a | h/CP | Credit point name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education in Europe | 60 | ECTS-credits | |
| Austria | 60 | ECTS (also ECTS-Punkte, ECTS credits) | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 60 | ECTS bodova | |
| Bulgaria | 60 | кредити | |
| Croatia | 60 | ECTS bodova | |
| Czech Republic | 60 | kredit | |
| Denmark | 60 | ECTS-point | |
| England, Wales and Northern Ireland | 120 | ~10 | credits (Open University - points) |
| Estonia | 40 | ainepunkt (AP) | |
| Finland | 60 | opintopiste (op) | |
| France | 60 | crédits | |
| Germany | 60 | 30 | Leistungspunkte (LP), Kreditpunkte (KP), Credit Points (CP) or Credits |
| Hungary | 60 | kredit(pont) | |
| Iceland | 30 | einingar | |
| Italy | 60 | crediti formativi universitari (CFU) | |
| Latvia | 40 | kredītpunkts (KP) | |
| Republic of Macedonia | 60 | kredit (ECTS) | |
| Malta | 60 | ECTS-credits | |
| The Netherlands | 60 | studiepunten (ECTS) | |
| Norway | 60 | studiepoeng | |
| Poland | 60 | punkty ECTS | |
| Portugal | 60 | créditos | |
| Romania | 60 | credite | |
| Scotland | 120 | credits | |
| Serbia | 60 | ECTS bodova | |
| Slovakia | 60 | kredit | |
| Slovenia | 60 | kreditne točke | |
| Spain | 72 | créditos | |
| Sweden | 60 | högskolepoäng (Used from July 2007) | |
| Switzerland | 60 | 30 | ECTS-credits |
Obsolete systems:
| Country | CP/a | Abbreviation (unit) |
|---|---|---|
| Austria (old system) | ~40 | Semesterwochenstunden (SSt) |
| Denmark | 1 | Studenter årsværk (STÅ) (slowly phased out in Danish legislation since 2000) |
| Finland (old system) | 40 | opintoviikko |
| Germany (old system) | ~40 | Semesterwochenstunden (SWS) |
| The Netherlands | 42 | studiepunten |
| Norway | 20 | vekttall |
| Sweden | 40 | poäng (used until July 2007) |
| Sweden | 2 | betyg (used until late 1960s/early 1970s) |
[edit] See also
- Bologna process
- ECTS grading scale
- Carnegie Unit and Student Hour
- Course Description Metadata
- European Higher Education Area
- Erasmus programme
[edit] External links
- European Commission ECTS information
- Erasmus
- European Commission ECVET information
- ECTS/DS - Users' Guide and forms
