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Facility (or Facilities) management (FM) is an interdisciplinary field devoted to the co-ordination of all business support services. It is commonly misrepresented as a maintenance function in buildings. In reality it involves all types of business support processes including the care of offices, commercial or institutional buildings, such as hospitals, hotels, office complexes, arenas, schools or convention centers. FM can be defined as the integration and alignment of the non-core services, including those relating to premises, required to operate and maintain a business to fully support the core objectives of the organisation (Pitt & Tucker, "Performance Measurement in FM", Property Management Vol. 26 No. 4, 2008 pp. 241-254). Over the years, FM has been growing as a business field and also as a scientific discipline, slowly finding and anchoring its position among organisations’ business processes. Nowadays, the dedication of FM organisations to new developments and continuous innovation processes seems to be the way to stay in business, constantly exceeding customers’expectations and adding value to the core business of the client organisation (Mudrak, T., Wagenburg, A.V. and Wubben, E. (2004), “Assessing the innovative ability of FM teams: a review”, Facilities, Vol. 22 Nos 11/12, pp. 290-5).
According to the International Facility Management Association (IFMA), it is "a profession that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, processes and technology." The European facility management association, EuroFM, uses the EN15221 definition.The definition of facility management, EN15221-1, provided by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) and ratified by BSI British Standards is, "(the) integration of processes within an organisation to maintain and develop the agreed services which support and improve the effectiveness of its primary activities." According to this European standard the scope of FM is 'Space & Infrastructure' (planning, design, workplace, construction, lease, occupancy, maintenance, furniture, cleaning, etc.) and 'People & Organisation'(catering, ICT, HRM, HS&S, accounting, marketing, hospitality, etc.).
According to British standard BS 8536:2010 facility management is performed during the operational phase[1] of a facility or building’s life cycle, which normally extends over many decades. It represents a continuous process of service provision to support the owner’s core business and one where improvement is sought on a continuous basis. The support of administrative facility management through information technology is identified as computer-aided facility management(CAFM).
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[edit] Role
The discipline of facility management and the role of facility managers in particular are evolving to the extent that many managers have to operate at two levels: strategic-tactical and operational. In the former case, owners need to be informed about the potential impact of their decisions on the provision of space and services. In the latter, it is the role of a facility manager to ensure proper operation of all aspects of a building to create an optimal, safe and cost effective environment for the occupants to function. This is accomplished by managing some of the following activities.
[edit] Health and safety
- Occupational safety and health, including compliance with local, state, and national laws and agencies, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and EN 54
- Industrial hygiene, including indoor air quality[2][3]
- Display Screen Regulations[4]
- Safety Rules for Contractors[5]
- Risk Assessments[6]
- Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
[edit] Fire safety
- Fire protection and safety[7]
- Smoke/heat detectors
- Fire alarm systems
- Sprinkler systems
- Fire extinguishers
- Dry risers
- Fire stopping
- Fire Risk Assessments[8]
[edit] Security
[edit] Maintenance systems
- Heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration
- preventive and predictive maintenance
- Corrective maintenance/Reactive repairs
- Building automation systems
- Building fabric and decorative
- Grounds maintenance and horticulture
- Computerized maintenance management system
[edit] Periodic statutory testing and inspections
- Lifting equipment[10]
- Work equipment[11]
- Legionella[12]
- Pressure systems[13]
- Asbestos[14] [15]
- Mansafe systems (window cleaning, roof access, etc.)[16]
- Electrical portable appliances and fixed wiring[17]
- Lightning conductors[18]
- Emergency lighting
- Fire protection systems
[edit] Operational
- Help desk
- Disabled Access [19] [20]
- Cleaning
- Waste management[21]
- Environmental Issues[22]
- Reception
- Meeting room management
- Mail Room
- Photocopying
- Vending
- Office space planning, layout, and furniture placement
- Car Parking[23]
- Specifying, tendering and contracts' negotiation[24]
- Pest control[25]
- Daily inspection of escape routes and fire exits
[edit] Commercial property management
- Lease Negotiations [26]
[edit] Business continuity planning
[edit] See also
- Activity relationship chart
- Building information modeling
- Computerized maintenance management system
- 1:5:200
[edit] References
- ^ (UK) British Standards Institution, BS 8536:2010 Facility Management Briefing. Code of practice, Published October 2010
- ^ (UK) HSE, Local Exhaust Ventilation, Control guidance sheet 200, October 2003
- ^ [1] (UK) TR19 Guide to Good Practice – Internal Cleanliness of Ventilation Systems, HVCA
- ^ (UK) HSE, Working with VDUs, INDG36(rev3), revised 12/06
- ^ (UK) HSE, Use of Contractors INDG368 Reprinted 11/03 C75
- ^ (UK) HSE, Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999: – 5 Steps to Risk Assessment
- ^ (UK)The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office
- ^ (UK) Department for Communities and Local Government, Fire safety law and guidance documents for business
- ^ (UK) The Information Commissioner’s Office, CCTV code of practice 2008
- ^ (UK) Simple guide to the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998, Health and Safety Executive INDG290 01/05
- ^ (UK) Simple guide to the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998, Health and Safety Executive INDG290 01/05
- ^ (UK) HSE, The control of legionella bacteria in water systems. Approved Code of Practice and guidance
- ^ (UK) Written schemes of examination Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000, Health and Safety Executive INDG291
- ^ (UK) The Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2006, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office
- ^ (UK) HSE L127 The Management of Asbestos in Non-Domestic Premises
- ^ [2] (UK)The Work at Height Safety Association, “Guidance on inspecting eyebolts used for personal fall protection purposes” TG6 2006
- ^ (UK) The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office
- ^ (UK) British Standards Institution,BS EN 62305-4:2006 Protection against lightning. Electrical and electronic systems within structures, 2006
- ^ [(UK) British Standards Institution, BS8300-2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people – Code of practice]
- ^ (UK) The Building Regulations Approved Document Part M, Access to and use of Buildings
- ^ (UK) Advice from the Environment Agency for waste management in offices
- ^ (UK) Advice from the Environment Agency for environmental issues related to the management of offices
- ^ (UK) Advice from the Environment Agency for environmental issues related to the management of car parks
- ^ (UK) Department for Business, Innovation & Skills, Procurement Suppliers Guide
- ^ (UK) The Chartered Institute of Environmental Health, Pest Control Procedures Manual – Rodents 2009, May 2009
- ^ (UK) The Code for Leasing Business Premises in England and Wales 2007
