Fenerbahçe S.K.
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| Full name | Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü |
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| Nickname(s) | Sarı Kanaryalar (The Yellow Canaries) Sarı Lacivertliler (The Yellow-Navy Blues) |
| Founded | 3 May 1907 |
| Chairman | Aziz Yıldırım[1] |
| Website | Club home page |
Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü (English: Fenerbahçe Sports Club) (Turkish pronunciation: [feˈnæɾbaht͡ʃɛ]) is a professional sports club based in Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey. The club derives its name from the Fenerbahçe neighbourhood of Istanbul. Fenerbahçe is one of the biggest and the best supported clubs in Turkey. They are nicknamed Sarı Kanaryalar English: The Yellow Canaries). Fenerbahçe is a multi-sports club and competes in football, basketball, volleyball, athletics, swimming, sailing, rowing, boxing and table tennis with honours won in each branch. The club is also one of the major contributors of Turkish representatives for the Olympic Games.[citation needed] The club has 219.456 members as of 12 Sep 2011.[citation needed]
| Active departments of Fenerbahçe | |||
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 The Club |
 Athletics |
 Basketball (Men's) |
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Basketball (Women's) |
 Boxing |
 Football |
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 Rowing |
 Sailing |
 Swimming |
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 Table Tennis |
_pictogram.svg){kind=small} Volleyball (Men's) |
Volleyball (Women's) |
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Contents |
[edit] History
Fenerbahçe S.K. was founded in 1907 in Kadıköy, Istanbul as a football club by local men Ziya Songülen (then Nurizade Ziya Bey), Ayetullah Bey and Enver Necip Okaner (then Enver Necip Bey). This group of individuals founded the club secretly in order to keep a low profile and not get into any trouble with the strict Ottoman rule. At that time the Sultan, Abdul Hamid II, forbade the Turkish youth from setting up a club nor engaging in the game of football. Songülen was elected the first president of the club, Ayetullah Bey became the first General Secretary, and Okaner was given the post of the General Captain.[2] The lighthouse situated on the Fenerbahçe cape was a big influence on the design of the club's first emblem, which sported the yellow and white colors of daffodils around the lighthouse. The kits were also designed with yellow and white stripes.[2] The emblem and colors of the club were changed in 1910 when Topuz Hikmet redesigned the badge and Ziya Bey changed the colors to yellow and navy, still seen today. Fenerbahçe's activities were kept in secrecy until a legislation reform in 1908, when, under a new law, all football clubs had to register to exist legally.[2] Fenerbahçe joined the Istanbul League in 1909, finishing fifth in their first year. The founding line-up included Ziya Songülen, Ayetullah Bey, Necip Okaner, Galip Kulaksızoğlu, Hasan Sami Kocamemi, Asaf Beşpınar, Enver Yetiker, Şevkati Hulusi Bey, Fuat Hüsnü Kayacan, Hamit Hüsnü Kayacan, and Nasuhi Baydar.[3] Fenerbahce played against the staff of the Royal Navy that occupied Istanbul during the Turkish War of Independence.[4] The club's basketball section was founded in 1913.
The Turkish Football Federation founded a national league in 1959. Fenerbahçe won the first tournament, beating Galatasaray S.K. 4–1 on aggregate.[5] The next year, Fenerbahçe participated in the European Cup for the first time. They qualified through a 4–3 win over Csepel SC. They lost their first round game to OGC Nice 1–5 in a playoff game after drawing on aggregate.[6] Fenerbahçe became the most successful Turkish club of the 1960s. They were also runners-up three times.[7][8] In the Balkans Cup 1966–67 (a competition set up for Eastern European clubs from Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia that existed between the 1960–61 and 1993–94 seasons), Fenerbahçe won the cup after three matches against Greek club AEK Athens FC, making them the first Turkish club to win a non-domestic competition. This success would remain unparalleled by a Turkish club until Sarıyer G.K. and Samsunspor won the cup many years later in the 1990s.
The 1970s saw Galatasaray win four more league titles. The decade also saw the first non-Istanbul club and a club outside of Fenerbahçe, Beşiktaş J.K., and Galatasaray S.K. to win a league title. Trabzonspor went on to win four titles during the decade.[8] Fenerbahçe won three titles in the 1980s, titles Galatasaray S.K. and Beşiktaş J.K. dominated the Turkish League during the 1990s, combining to win nine out of 10 ti Fenerbahçe's only Turkish League success during the 1990s came in the 1995–1996 season under Carlos Alberto Parreira.[7][8] Fenerbahçe won the league in 2001, denying Galatasaray a fifth consecutive title. They followed up the next season with a runners-up place behind Galatasaray with new coach Werner Lorant. The next season, however, did not go so well as Fenerbahçe finished in sixth place with Ariel Ortega in the squad.[9] Despite this, that season is memorable to many Fenerbahçe fans due to a 6–0 win against arch-rivals Galatasaray in Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium on 6 November 2002.[10] After firing Werner Lorant, they hired another German coach, Christoph Daum. Daum had previously coached in Turkey, winning the league with Beşiktaş J.K. in 1994–95. Fenerbahçe brought in players including Pierre van Hooijdonk, Mehmet Aurélio, and Fabio Luciano as a rebuilding process. These new players lead Fenerbahçe to their fifteenth title and third star (one being awarded for every 5 league titles won by a club).[11] The next year was followed up by a narrow championship over Trabzonspor, winning the then record of sixteen Turkish First Football League championships.[12] Fenerbahçe lost the title in the last week of the 2005–06 season to Galatasaray. Fenerbahçe needed a win, but instead drew 1–1 with Denizlispor while Galatasaray won 3–0 over Kayserispor.
Soon after, Christoph Daum stepped down as manager,[13] and was replaced by Zico on 4 July 2006.[14] Zico began his reign by signing two new defenders, highly-touted Uruguayan international Diego Lugano, and fellow Brazilian Edu Dracena.[15][16] Zico also signed two strikers, Serbian international Mateja Kežman, and another Brazilian, Deivid.[17] Fenerbahçe's 2006–07 domestic season started off with a 6–0 win over relegation candidates Kayseri Erciyesspor.[18] In the 32nd week of the Süper Lig, Fenerbahçe drew Trabzonspor 2–2, while Beşiktaş J.K. lost to Bursaspor 0–3, putting the former out of contention for the title.[19][20] Fenerbahçe won their seventeenth Turkish Süper Lig title in 2007, the most in Turkey.[21] Fenerbahçe started off their 2007–08 season by signing Brazilian international Roberto Carlos.[22] The deal saw the defender come for free after his contract was not extended by Real Madrid. Young Turkish players like Gökhan Gönül, Yasin Çakmak, Ilhan Parlak, Ali Bilgin, Turkish-English attacker Colin Kazim-Richards, Turkish-Brazilian left back Gökçek Vederson joined Fenerbahçe in the beginning of the season and Chile national football team captain Claudio Maldonado joined the team in January '08 transfer window.
On 11 January 2007, Fenerbahce S.K. was officially invited to G-14.[23] G-14 is an association which consists of top clubs worldwide. Fenerbahçe S.K. is the only Turkish club that have been invited to this association. On March 2008, Fenerbahçe's record application was accepted by Guinness World Records Menagement Team, which envisages Fenerbahçe to have the highest number of medal and trophy achievements on the planet with its 9 branches entirely, total of 1134 cups and medals.[24] In the UEFA Champions League 1996–97 season Fenerbahçe completed the group stage with seven points[25] and, amongst others, beat Manchester United 1–0 in Old Trafford, the first time the English club had ever lost a home European match, after 40 years of competing in European games. Under Zico’s command, Fenerbahçe qualified from the UEFA Champions League 2007–08 group stage for the first time in the club's history and went on to beat Sevilla FC to become a quarter-finalist in the 2007–08 season. So far, Zico is also the most successful manager of the team's history in the European arena. After successful scores both in local league of Turkey and international matches, Zico gained a new nickname from Fenerbahçe fans: Kral Arthur (meaning "King Arthur" in Turkish). Since 2000, Fenerbahçe S.K. improved the club's finances and facilities, bringing world stars to the club such as Haim Revivo, Ariel Ortega, Serhiy Rebrov, Pierre van Hooijdonk, Alex de Souza, Stephen Appiah, Nicolas Anelka and lately Mateja Kežman, Roberto Carlos, and Dani Güiza.
Fenerbahçe's 2009–10 season ended in shock as they lost the title on the last day. The Fenerbahçe players were told a draw would be enough towards the end of the match only to find out that other games went against their favour as Bursaspor beat Beşiktaş 2–1 to get the title. Despite the title loss, Fenerbahçe ended the season with the highest number of clean sheets (10), as well as the joint longest winning streak (8).[26]
Fenerbahçe won a 18th Süper Lig title in the 2010–11 season. The team were nine points behind the leaders after 16 games, but went on an unbeaten run of 17 wins and one draw from the last 18 games of the season and won the title with 82 points. Trabzonspor also finished on 82 points but finished second due head-to-head goal average in favor of Fenerbahçe. Alex, became the top scorer of the season with 28 goals, the highest number of goals by a foreign player in history of Turkish football.[27] Following the season's end club president Aziz Yıldırım was remanded in custody over allegations of match-fixing.[1] On 24 August 2011 Fenerbahçe was withdrawn from the Champions League by Turkey's Football Federation because of an ongoing match-fixing investigation.[28][29]
[edit] Istanbul derbies
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"The big three" clubs of Istanbul, Beşiktaş J.K., Fenerbahçe S.K. and Galatasaray S.K. have a century-long history of rivalry. Fenerbahçe-Galatasaray rivalry is the primary Istanbul derby and the most important rivalry in Turkish football.[citation needed] The rivalry has led to violence among supporters on numerous occasions.[30] Other top level İstanbul derbies include the teams; İstanbul BB and Kasımpaşa although these teams pose a minor rivalry as the history and the nation-wide attention to the derbies among the big three is unmatched.
Torches, smoke, drums, flags and giant posters used to create visual grandeur and apply psychological pressure on visiting teams, which fans call "welcoming them to hell".[31]
[edit] Club crest and colours
Since the club's foundation, Fenerbahçe has used the same badge, which has only undergone minor alterations.
It was designed by Hikmet Topuzer, nicknamed Topuz Hikmet, who played as left winger, in 1910 and had made as lapel pins by Tevfik Haccar Taşçı (then Tevfik Haccar) in London. The emblem consists of five colours. The white section which includes the writing Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü ★ 1907 ★ represents purity and open heartedness, the red section represents love and attachment to the club and symbolises the Turkish flag. The yellow section symbolises other ones' envy and jealousy about Fenerbahçe, while the navy symbolises nobility. The oak leaf which rises from the navy and yellow section shows the force and the power of being a member of Fenerbahçe. The green colour of the leaf shows the success of Fenerbahçe is imperative.[32] Hikmet Topuzer describes the story of the emblem as below:
| “ | After the change of the club’s colours from yellow and white to yellow and navy, it was an issue to create an emblem with our new colours. My friends left the design of this emblem to me. Firstly, I brought together the colours of our national flag, red and white. Then drew a heart shape over the red and gave it a yellow and navy colour, adding an acorn leaf that represents resistance, power and strength. I wrote the club name and foundation date on the white section. When drawing our emblem, I tried to give this meaning: Serving the club with dependence from heart. The design was favored by my friends and our new emblem was made through the guidance of Tevfik Haccar, who was in Germany at time. After the new alphabet was approved, the design was protected, but the club name on the emblem was changed to Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü ★ 1907 ★.[32] | ” |
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Fenerbahçe's first shirt
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Fenerbahçe's crest
1923–present -
Old shirts
[edit] Stadium
Fenerbahçe's football team play their home games at the Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium (simply known as Kadikoy),[33] in the Kadıköy district of Istanbul, since 1908. Most recently renovated between 1999 and 2006, its capacity is 50,509.[34] Unusually for a Turkish stadium, Kadikoy does not have a running track around the pitch. The club's museum has been situated in the stadium since 2005, after having been at a variety of locations.[35]
[edit] Other facilities
Other club facilities[36] include the social venue, the training complex, the club headquarters, the Dereagzi Metin Asik camp facilities, the youth academy football centre, the sports hall, the Fikirtepe facilities, the college, and the swimming pool.[37]
- Caferaga Sport Hall, is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Kadıköy and opened in 1982. It is owned by the Municipality of Kadıköy District and operated by the Directorate of Youth and Sport of Istanbul Province.[38]Women's basketball team (Fenerbahçe Istanbul) and volleyball teams (Fenerbahçe Men's Volleyball and Fenerbahçe Women's Volleyball) play their league matches there.
- Fenerbahçe Ülker City,[39] will be new hall with a capacity of 12,500. It is scheduled to be completed in summer of 2011.[40] The basketball teams (Fenerbahçe Ülker and Fenerbahçe Istanbul), volleyball teams (Fenerbahçe Men's Volleyball and Fenerbahçe Women's Volleyball) will play their league matches there.
- The Faruk Ilgaz Social Venue, located next to the club’s headquarters, is the new venue for the club’s gatherings. It was initially opened 15 May 1969 but Aziz Yildirim rebuilt a modern complex and re-opened it on 21 January 2004.[citation needed]
- Sancaktepe Can Bartu Training Facilities, the construction for this top quality training complex began in 1997 during Ali Sen’s presidency. The construction was completed in the year 2000. Serves the senior football team.[citation needed]
- Dereağzı Lefter Küçükandonyadis Training Facilities, serves Fenerbahçe A2 and is located at Dereagzi. Re-opened in 1989. Facilities also serve the athletics branch, the boxing branch, the rowing branch and the sailing branch.
- Topuk Yaylası Facilities, serves Fenerbahçe SK all sport branches and located in Kaynaşlı, Düzce. The construction was started in 2010 and completed in 2011.[citation needed]
- Youth Football Academy, located next to the Metin Asik Camp Facilities. Built in 1999, serves the youth ranks of the football branch.[citation needed]
- The Fikirtepe Facilities, located on Yumurtaci Abdi Bey Road, Kadıköy. Opened 1 July 1998, serves youth football development.[citation needed]
- Dereağzı Samim Göreç Basketball Hall, located on Munir Nurettin Selcuk Road Kiziltoprak. Refurbished 24 February 2001. First opened in 1982. Serves Fenerbahçe Ülker, Fenerbahçe Istanbul.[citation needed]
- Dereağzı Muhtar Sencer Volleyball Hall, located on Munir Nurettin Selcuk Road Kiziltoprak. Serves Fenerbahçe Men's Volleyball and Fenerbahçe Women's Volleyball teams.[citation needed]
- Vefa Küçük Swimming Pool, opened on 16 July 1999 and serves the swimming branch.[citation needed]
- Fenerbahçe Olympic Swimming Pool, is located in Fenerbahçe Island and opened in 2004. Serves the swimming branch.[citation needed]
[edit] Fenerbahçe Museum
Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü has won many trophies at the currently active branches and at some other branches which have been discontinued.[citation needed]
During the Turkish War of Independence, Fenerbahçe played with many teams of the enemy and injected morale to the Turkish people by winning those games.[citation needed] Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü’s football team has many records which are still not broken.[citation needed] Yet the success is not limited only with the football team.[citation needed] At the Olympics, the first gold medal was won by a Fenerbahçe athlete, Ruhi Sarıalp, in a field other than wrestling.[citation needed]In athletics, the only club that wins the European Championship is Fenerbahçe.[citation needed]
[edit] Club officials
| President |  Aziz Yıldırım |
| Deputy-president, Press Spokesman | Nihat Özdemir |
| Vice-president, Member | Ali Koç |
| General Secretary | Vedat Olcay |
| Vice-president, Member | Abdullah Kiğılı |
| Vice-president, Responsible for Investment and Project | Nihat Özbağı |
| Member | Alaeddin Yıldırım |
| Vice-president, Member | Murat Özaydınlı |
| Vice-president, Responsible for Social Organizations & Associations | Mithat Yenigün |
| Vice-president, Responsible for Law & Institutional Relations | Şekip Mosturoğlu |
| Vice-president, Responsible for Amateur Departments | Serhat Çeçen |
| Responsible for Stadium and Football Infrastructure | Ömer Temelli |
Source: Board of Directors
