Semi-vegetarianism is a term used to describe diets that are vegetarian-based with the inclusion of occasional meat products. The term has no precise or widely accepted definition, but it usually denotes the following of a mainly vegetarian diet whilst eating meat occasionally.[1][2][3][4][5] The term is sometimes used interchangeably with flexitarianism.[6][7] Semi-vegetarian diets mainly include eating small amount of fish or chicken but avoiding red meat. The Mediterranean diet, which is a semi-vegetarian diet, is known to reduce the incidence of heart disease. The diet mainly includes grains, pasta, vegetables, cheese, olive oil with small amounts of chicken and fish.[8]
- Flexitarians are omnivores who predominantly eat a plant based diet but also eat animal meat occasionally[9]. (In 2003, the American Dialect Society voted flexitarian as the year's most useful word and defined it as "a vegetarian who occasionally eats meat.")[10].
- Pollotarians eat chicken or other poultry and sometimes fish, but not meat from mammals.[11][12]
- Pescetarians eat fish or other seafood, but not poultry or red meat from mammals.
- Pesce-pollotarians eat poultry and fish, or generally only "white meat". They do not eat "red meat" from mammals, but there is an exception for non-mammal red meat poultry from ratites such as from the following birds: Ostrich, Emu, and Rhea.
- Macrobiotic diets are plant-based which may or may not include the occasional fish or other seafood.[13]
- Freegan who are "vegan unless it's free", as choice in a low impact lifestyle philosophy.
[edit] References
- ^ Langley-Evans, Simon (2009). Nutrition: A Lifespan Approach. Wiley. pp. 172. http://books.google.com/books?id=nxejlilBot4C&lpg=PA172&dq=%22semi-vegetarianism%22&pg=PA172#v=onepage&q=%22semi-vegetarian%22&f=false. "There are many forms of vegetarian diet from the semi-vegetarian (consumes meat infrequently)..."
- ^ Nemours Foundation/TeensHealth [1] Excerpt: "Some people consider themselves semi-vegetarians and eat fish and maybe a small amount of poultry as part of a diet "
- ^ "Semi-Vegetarian - Vegetarianism". Medicine Online. http://www.medicineonline.com/articles/s/2/semi-vegetarian/vegetarianism.html. "semi-vegetarian: mostly follows a vegetarian diet but eats meat, poultry and fish occasionally"
- ^ Havala Hobbs, Suzanne. Living Vegetarian for Dummies. For Dummies. pp. 14.
- ^ Koletzko, Berthold (2008). Pediatric Nutrition in Practice. Karger. pp. 130. http://books.google.com/books?id=oGR_0EHF-a8C&lpg=PA130&dq=%22semi-vegetarianism%22&lr&pg=PA130#v=onepage&q=%22semi-vegetarianism%22&f=false.
- ^ http://vegetarian.about.com/od/vegetarianvegan101/tp/TypesofVeg.htm
- ^ http://www.vegetariannook.com/what-is-a-flexitarian.html
- ^ Paul Insel, R. Elaine Turner, Don Ross (2009). Discovering Nutrition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 654. ISBN 9780763758738.
- ^ Ivy Larson, Andrew Larson (2009). Whole Foods Diet Cookbook: 200 Recipes for Optimal Health. Gibbs Smith. pp. 304. ISBN 9781423604921.
- ^ "2003 Words of the Year". American Dialect Society. 2007-01-13. http://www.americandialect.org/index.php/amerdial/2003_words_of_the_year/. Retrieved 2007-12-03.
- ^ Preedy, Victor R.; Burrow, Gerard N.; Watson, Ronald (2009-02-09). Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine: Nutritional, Biochemical, Pathological and Therapeutic Aspects. Academic Press. p. 523. ISBN 9780123741356. http://books.google.com/books?id=7v7g5XoCQQwC&lpg=PA523&dq=pollotarians&pg=PA523#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
- ^ Hayes, Dayle; Laudan, Rachel (2008-09). Food and Nutrition / Editorial Advisers, Dayle Hayes, Rachel Laudan. Marshall Cavendish. p. 1058. ISBN 9780761478270. http://books.google.com/books?id=2w5i2MBvZf8C&lpg=PA1058&dq=pollotarians&pg=PA1058#v=onepage&q=pollotarians&f=false. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
- ^ Kushi, Michio; Blauer, Stephen (2004-03-08). The macrobiotic way: the complete macrobiotic lifestyle book. Penguin. p. 83. ISBN 9781583331804. http://books.google.com/?id=JMquGvp31XEC&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=kushi+on+miso1XEC&pg=PA83. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
[edit] Further reading
- Dawn Jackson Blatner, RD, LDN (2009). The Flexitarian Diet: The Mostly Vegetarian Way to Lose Weight, Be Healthier, Prevent Disease, and Add Years to Your Life. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-154957-8
- Cultural Encyclopedia of Vegetarianism by Margaret Puskar-Pasewicz.ABC-CLIO(2010). ISBN 9780313375569
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