Flip teaching

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Khan academy lecture on quadratic equations

Flip teaching (or flipped classroom) is a form of blended learning in which students watch lectures online and work on problem sets with other students in class. This approach allows teachers to spend more time interacting with students instead of lecturing. This is also known as backwards classroom, reverse instruction, flipping the classroom and reverse teaching.[1][2]

The traditional pattern of teaching has been to assign students to read textbooks and work on problem sets outside school, while listening to lectures and taking test in class. In flip teaching, the students first study the topic by themselves, typically using video lessons prepared by the teacher[3][4] or third parties such as the Khan Academy. Classroom time is for the students to apply the knowledge by solving problems and doing practical work.[5][6][7] The teacher tutors the students when they become stuck, rather than imparting the initial lesson. Complementary techniques include[8] differentiated instruction and project-based learning.[9]

Students who have no access to computers or the internet outside school cannot participate in flipped classes.[9]

History[edit]

Eric Mazur developed peer instruction in the 1990s. He found that computer-aided instruction allowed him to coach instead of lecture. Lage, Platt and Treglia published the paper "Inverting the Classroom: A Gateway to Creating an Inclusive Learning Environment" in 2000.[10] In 1993 King published "From Sage on the Stage to Guide on the Side"[11] in College Teaching, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Winter, 1993), pp. 30-35. Baker presented "The classroom flip: using web course management tools to become the guide by the side" at the 11th International Conference on College Teaching and Learning. Baker's article presents the model of classroom flipping.[12]

Starting in fall 2000, the University of Wisconsin-Madison used eTeach software to replace lectures in a computer science course with streaming video of the lecturer and coordinated slides.[13] In 2011, two centers at Wisconsin Collaboratory for Enhanced Learning[14] were built to focus on flipped and blended learning.

In 2004, Salman Khan began to record videos at the request of a younger cousin who felt that recorded lessons would let her skip parts she had mastered and replay parts that were troubling her. Khan’s model essentially provides one-to-one tutoring. Khan Academy videos are used as part of some educators flipped teaching strategy.[15][16]

In the "The Classroom Flip" (2006), Tenneson and McGlasson presented an approach for teachers considering whether to flip their classrooms and how various approaches could enhance their teaching process, along. It also explores computer course management systems.[17]

In 2006 Maesumi taught a flipped Calculus I class at Lamar University. Student in the flipped class significantly outperformed the controls in Calculus II.[18]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Tina Barseghian (February 5, 2011), Three Trends That Define the Future of Teaching and Learning, KQED 
  2. ^ "Clay Christensen takes closer look at how online learning will disrupt K-12 education — Tech News and Analysis". Gigaom.com. Retrieved 2013-06-10. 
  3. ^ Marco Ronchetti (June 2010), "Using video lectures to make teaching more interactive", International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 
  4. ^ Greg Topp (6 Oct 2011), "Flipped classrooms take advantage of technology", USA Today 
  5. ^ "Flipping the classroom", The Economist, 17 Sep 2011 
  6. ^ Diana Mehta (8 Sep 2011), "Video in the class keeps savvy students engaged", The Canadian Press 
  7. ^ Daniel Pink (12 Sep 2010), "Flip-thinking - the new buzz word sweeping the US", The Daily Telegraph 
  8. ^ Alvarez, Brenda. "Flipping the Classroom: Homework in Class, Lessons at Home". National Education Association. Retrieved 22 February 2012. 
  9. ^ a b Bill Tucker (Winter 2012), "The Flipped Classroom", EducationNext 
  10. ^ Maureen Lage, Glenn Platt, Michael Treglia (2000), Inverting the Classroom: A gateway to Creating an Inclusive Learning Environment, Journal of Economic Education 
  11. ^ "From Sage on the Stage to Guide on the Side". Eric.ed.gov. Retrieved 2013-06-11. 
  12. ^ J. Wesley Baker (2000), The classroom flip: using web course management tools to become the guide by the side 
  13. ^ Julie Foertsch, Gregory Moses, John Strikwerda, Mike Litzkow (July 2002), "Reversing the Lecture/Homework Paradigm Using eTEACH Web-based Streaming Video Software", Journal of Engineering Education 
  14. ^ "Home | Wisconsin Collaboratory for Enhanced Learning | University of Wisconsin–Madison". Wiscel.wisc.edu. Retrieved 2013-06-11. 
  15. ^ Clive Thompson (15 Jul 2011), How Khan Academy is Changing the Rules of Education 
  16. ^ Sarah D. Sparks (28 Sep 2011), Lectures Are Homework in Schools Following Khan Academy Lead 
  17. ^ Mike Tenneson, Bob McGlasson (20 Apr 2006), The Classroom Flip 
  18. ^ Mohsen Maesumi (20 March 2006), MathExpo, A Site for College Level Mathematics \

External links[edit]

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