Foreign relations of the Republic of Kosovo

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Republic of Kosovo
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On 17 February 2008, members of the Assembly of Kosovo, acting in individual capacity and not as part of UNMIK's PISG, declared independence from Serbia. This move was controversial among the international community. The Republic of Kosovo has been recognised by 99 UN member states, the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the Order of Malta.

Additionally some countries that don't recognise the Republic of Kosovo (PR China, Russia, Romania, Slovakia, Greece), and the European Union, maintain non-diplomatic official "liaison offices" in Kosovo.

Kosovo maintains a number of diplomatic missions abroad and several countries have embassies or representative offices in Pristina.

Contents

Status of diplomatic relations [edit]

Foreign relations of Kosovo
  diplomatic relations and recognition
  diplomatic recognition only

  non-diplomatic official representation in Kosovo

Kosovo has established diplomatic relations with 56 countries:

Country Establishment
of
Diplomatic
Relations		 Status of
Diplomatic
Mission
in Kosovo		 Status of
Diplomatic
Mission
in the country		 Sources Notes
 Albania 18 February 2008 Embassy Embassy [1][2][3] Albania–Kosovo relations
 Australia 21 May 2008 Embassy[4] [5][6] Australia–Kosovo relations
 Andorra 14 September 2011 [7]
 Austria 20 March 2008 Embassy Embassy Austria–Kosovo relations
 Belgium 10 April 2008 Embassy [8] Belgium–Kosovo relations
 Bulgaria 27 May 2008 Embassy Embassy Bulgaria–Kosovo relations
 Burkina Faso 6 December 2012 [9]
 Canada 7 April 2009 [10]
 Croatia 30 June 2008 Embassy Embassy [11] Croatia–Kosovo relations
 Czech Republic 16 June 2008 Embassy Embassy [12] Czech Republic – Kosovo relations
 Denmark 6 March 2008 [13] Denmark–Kosovo relations
 Djibouti 22 March 2013 [14]
 Dominica 12 December 2012 [15]
 Estonia 24 April 2008 [16] Estonia–Kosovo relations
 Fiji 13 February 2013 [17]
 Finland 2 February 2009 Embassy [18] Finland–Kosovo relations
 France 18 February 2008 Embassy Embassy France–Kosovo relations
 Germany 27 February 2008 Embassy Embassy German–Kosovan relations
 Ghana 4 October 2012 [19]
 Honduras 2 December 2010 [20]
 Hungary 27 June 2008 Embassy Embassy [21] Hungary–Kosovo relations
 Iceland 15 May 2012 [22]
 Ireland 11 November 2008 [23] Ireland–Kosovo relations
 Italy 15 May 2008 Embassy Embassy [24] Italian–Kosovan relations
 Japan 25 February 2009 Embassy [25][26] Japan–Kosovo relations
 Kuwait 16 January 2013 [27]
 Latvia 11 June 2008 [28] Kosovo–Latvia relations
 Liechtenstein 28 June 2012 [29][30] Kosovo–Liechtenstein relations
 Lithuania 1 September 2008 [31] Kosovo–Lithuania relations
 Luxembourg 16 June 2011 [32]
 Macedonia 18 October 2009 Embassy Embassy [33] Kosovo–Macedonia relations
 Malaysia 23 March 2011 [34][35] Kosovo–Malaysia relations
 Maldives 16 April 2009 [36] Kosovo–Maldives relations
 Malta 22 September 2011 [37]
 Mauritania 12 January 2010 [38]
 Monaco 19 March 2008 Embassy of France Embassy in France [39] France–Kosovo relations
 Montenegro 15 January 2010 [40] Kosovo–Montenegro relations
 Nauru 23 April 2008 [41][42]
 Netherlands 27 June 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo–Netherlands relations
 New Zealand 9 November 2009 [43]
 Niger 25 January 2013 [44]
 Norway 25 October 2008 Embassy Kosovo–Norway relations
 Oman 4 February 2011 [45]
 Pakistan 27 January 2013 [46] Kosovo-Pakistan relations
 Portugal 14 November 2011 [47] Kosovo-Portugal relations
 Qatar 7 January 2011 [48]
 San Marino 3 May 2012 [49][50]
 Saudi Arabia 7 August 2009 Embassy [51][52] Kosovo – Saudi Arabia relations
 Slovenia 15 May 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo–Slovenia relations
 Sweden 28 March 2008 Embassy Kosovo–Sweden relations
 Switzerland 28 March 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo–Switzerland relations
 Turkey 18 February 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo–Turkey relations
 United Arab Emirates 27 April 2010 [53] Kosovo – United Arab Emirates relations
 United Kingdom 18 February 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo – United Kingdom relations
 United States 18 February 2008 Embassy Embassy Kosovo – United States relations
 Vanuatu 23 September 2010 [54]

The MFA of Kosovo has initiated the process of establishing diplomatic relations with all states that have recognized Republic of Kosovo, either by opening new missions or through accreditation of non-resident ambassadors to these countries.[29]

Membership in international organisations [edit]

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date Admission date
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)[55] Kosovo*[56][57][58] Green tickY[59][when?]
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) UNMIK as observer[60][when?]
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO) Kosovo* and UNMIK[61][62] 11 June 2004[63]
Energy Community South East Europe Treaty (ECSEE) Kosovo*[64][65] 1 July 2006
European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) UNMIK 30 November 2006
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) UNMIK 6 April 2006 26 July 2007[66]
International Road and Transport Union (IRU) road transport association[67][68] 29 July 2008[69]
International Monetary Fund Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[70] 29 June 2009[71]
World Bank Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[72] 29 June 2009[73]
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Republic of Kosovo[74] 2010 or 2009[75][when?] 17 December 2012[76]
Council of Bureaux [specify] 2011[77]
Adriatic Charter Republic of Kosovo 29 March 2012[78]
NATO Partnership for Peace Republic of Kosovo July 2012[79]

Names used to represent Kosovo [edit]

The Pristina Government is represented under the name:

  • "Republic of Kosovo";
  • "UNMIK; and
  • "Kosovo*" (with an asterisk),

depending on the particular international fora. A list is set out above. The name "Republic of Kosovo" is self explanatory and is the preferred nomenclature of the Pristina Government. The name UNMIK is an acronmym for the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, a formal United Nations designation. The name "Kosovo*" with an asterisk is used in other fora. Where this name is used, the asterisk is linked to a footnote which reads:

This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.

This "Kosovo*" designation was the outcome of an arrangement agreed to between Pristina and Belgrade in talks mediated by the European Union. This arrangement, which has been dubbed the "asterisk agreement" was agreed in an 11 point arrangement agreed on 24 February 2013.[80]

International treaties and conventions [edit]

International treaty or convention Political Entity Represented Signature Ratification
Free Trade Agreement with Albania UNMIK 7 July 2003[81] 1 October 2003[82]
Free Trade Agreement with Macedonia UNMIK 2 February 2006[82]
Free Trade Agreement with Croatia UNMIK 28 September 2006[82] 1 November 2006[82][83]
Free Trade Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMIK 19 October 2006[82] 1 December 2006[82][83]
EU Pan-EURO-MED RoO convention[84] Kosovo under UNSCR 1244

See also [edit]

References [edit]

  1. ^ "Statement of Prime Minister of Albania Mr. Sali Berisha on Recognition of Independence of Kosova". Republic of Albania Council of Ministers. 2008-02-18. 
  2. ^ "Perfaqësite Diplomatike Shqiptare Jashtë Vendit". Mfa.gov.al. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  3. ^ "Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme". Ks-gov.net. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  4. ^ Flamuri i Kosovës shpaloset në Canberra, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2013-02-15 (in Albanian)
  5. ^ "Australia Recognises the Republic of Kosovo". Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2008-02-19. 
  6. ^ "Kosovo Country Brief". Australian Government – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2008-10-03. Retrieved 2009-03-28. 
  7. ^ "Kosova and Andorra establish diplomatic relations". MFA of Kosovo. 2011-09-14. Retrieved 2011-09-14. 
  8. ^ byElena Koinova (2010-02-26). "Kosovo prepares to open embassies in Washington, Brussels - Bulgaria abroad". The Sofia Echo. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  9. ^ Republika e Kosovës dhe Republika e Burkina Faso nënshkruan Protokollin për vendosje të marrëdhënieve diplomatike, Embassy of Republic of Kosovo in Paris, 2012-12-06 (in Albanian)
  10. ^ http://www.president-ksgov.net/?id=5,67,67,67,a,1369
  11. ^ "Croatia establishes embassy to Kosovo, seated in Pristina". Mvpei.hr. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  12. ^ "Agjencia e Pavarur e Lajmeve- Kosova Press - LATEST NEWS". Kosova Press. 2008-07-16. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  13. ^ "Danmarks forbindelser med Kosovo - Danmarks ambassade Østrig". Ambwien.um.dk. Retrieved 2010-04-28. [dead link]
  14. ^ "Republika e Kosovës dhe Republika e Xhibutit vendosin marrëdhëniet diplomatike". mfa-ks.net. Retrieved 2013-03-22. 
  15. ^ Kosova vendos marrëdhëniet diplomatike me Dominikën, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-12-12 (in Albanian)
  16. ^ "Estonia Enters into Diplomatic Relations with Republic of Kosovo | Välisministeerium". Vm.ee. 2008-04-24. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  17. ^ The Republic of Kosovo establishes diplomatic relations with the Republic of Fiji, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2013-02-13
  18. ^ [1][dead link]
  19. ^ The Republic of Kosovo establishes diplomatic relations with the Republic of Ghana, Embassy of the Republic of Kosovo in the United States, Washington, DC, 2012-10-02
  20. ^ http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,610
  21. ^ http://www.mfa.gov.hu/kulkepviselet/Pristina/en/mainpage.htm
  22. ^ http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1240
  23. ^ http://www.president-ksgov.net/?id=5,67,67,67,a,1117
  24. ^ "Italy appoints Ambassador to Kosovo". New Kosova Report. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  25. ^ "Japan and Kosovo strengthen diplomatic ties". New Kosova Report. 2009-06-23. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  26. ^ Japan-Kosovo Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
  27. ^ Kosovo establishes diplomatic relations with Kuwait, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2013-01-16
  28. ^ "Latvia establishes diplomatic relations with Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia. Retrieved 2008-07-11. 
  29. ^ a b Kosova and Liechtenstein to establish diplomatic relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-28
  30. ^ Naim Malaj, ambasador jo rezident në Principatën e Lihtenshtajnit, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-12-13 (in Albanian)
  31. ^ "Lietuvos Respublikos užsienio reikalų ministerija - straipsniai:LITHUANIA ESTABLISHES DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO". Urm.lt. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  32. ^ "Ilir Dugolli, non-resident Ambassador in Luxemburg". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo. 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  33. ^ "Kosovo and FYR of Macedonia establish diplomatic relations". New Kosova Report. 2009-10-18. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  34. ^ "Republika e Kosovës vendos marrëdhënie diplomatike me Malajzinë". Kosovo MFA. Retrieved 23 March 2011. 
  35. ^ THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FORMAL DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND KOSOVO, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Malaysia 2011-03-23
  36. ^ "« Lajme". Telegrafi. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  37. ^ "Ministri i Jashtëm Enver Hoxhaj dhe homologu i tij nga Malta, Tonio Borg, kanë nënshkruar marrëveshjen për vendosjen e marrëdhënieve diplomatike mes Republikës së Kosovës dhe Republikës së Maltës."
  38. ^ "Republika Islamike e Mauritanisë njohu Republikën e Kosovës". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo. 12 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010. 
  39. ^ "Relacione diplomatike me Monakon me anë të Fracnës". President of Kosovo. 2008-03-19. Retrieved 2008-03-19. 
  40. ^ "News - Region - Montenegro, Kosovo in diplomatic ties". B92. 2010-01-15. Retrieved 2010-01-15. 
  41. ^ "Republika e Naurusë Njohi Republikën e Kosovës" (in Albanian). President of the Republic of Kosovo. 2008-04-23. Retrieved 2009-03-28. 
  42. ^ Republika e Naurusë njohu Republikën e Kosovës, President of the Republic of Kosovo, 2008-04-23 (in Albanian)
  43. ^ "Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme". Ks-gov.net. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  44. ^ "Republika e Kosovës dhe Republika e Nigerit vendosin marrëdhëniet diplomatike" (in Albanian). Ambasada e Republikës së Kosovës në Paris. 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-02-04. 
  45. ^ Republic of Kosovo Established Diplomatic Relations with Sultanate of Oman, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 4 February 2011
  46. ^ Kosova dhe Pakistani vendosin marrëdhënie diplomatike, KosovaTimes, 2013-01-27 (in Albanian)
  47. ^ Çmohet mbështetja e Portugalisë, Telegrafi, 14 November 2011
  48. ^ "Qatar recognized the Republic of Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo. 2011-01-07. Retrieved 2011-01-07. 
  49. ^ [2]
  50. ^ Stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche con la Repubblica del Kosovo, Grand and General Council, 2012-02-16
  51. ^ "Kosova-Arabia Saudite me marrëdhënie diplomatike « Lajme". Telegrafi. Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  52. ^ "Kosovo Diplomatic Missions Abroad" mfa-ks.net Link retrieved 17 April 2011
  53. ^ "Ambasadori i Emiratave të Bashkuara Arabe i dorëzon kopjen e letrave kredenciale Ministrit Hyseni " mfa-ks.net 27 April 2010 Link retrieved 27 April 2010 (Albanian)
  54. ^ Republic of Kosovo and Republic of Vanuatu established diplomatic relations, President of the Republic of Kosovo, 2010-09-23
  55. ^ Formerly the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe
  56. ^ Before 28 February 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
  57. ^ http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1602
  58. ^ http://www.rcc.int/news_archive#regional-cooperation-council-board-amends-statutory-documents-to-reflect-eu-mediated-agreement-on-kosovo-regional-representation
  59. ^ RCC members
  60. ^ SECI observers
  61. ^ Before 2013 only the UNMIK.
  62. ^ SEETO Participants
  63. ^ South East Europe Transport Observatory
  64. ^ Before April 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
  65. ^ Energy Community - Parties
  66. ^ "Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) initialled" (PDF) (Press release). UNMIK - DSRSG Office for News and Communication. 2006-11-10. Retrieved 2008-04-09. 
  67. ^ IRU membership: Kosova Chamber of Commerce
  68. ^ Kosovo Chamber of Commerce is a non for profit, independent organization with no political affiliation.
  69. ^ "IRU welcomes Kosovo to IRU family". IRU. 2008. Retrieved 2010-05-11. 
  70. ^ "Statement on Membership of the Republic of Kosovo in the IMF" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2008-07-15. Retrieved 2009-06-29. "On July 10, 2008, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) received an application for admission to membership in the IMF from the Republic of Kosovo." 
  71. ^ "Kosovo Becomes the International Monetary Fund’s 186th Member" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2009-06-29. Retrieved 2009-06-29. "The Republic of Kosovo became the 186th member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) today when President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the IMF’s original Articles of Agreement at a ceremony in Washington D.C." 
  72. ^ "Kosovo Application for Membership in World Bank" (Press release). World Bank. 2008-07-15. Retrieved 2009-06-29. "In the letter dated July 10, 2008, Kosovo applied for membership in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes." 
  73. ^ "Kosovo Joins World Bank Group Institutions" (Press release). World Bank. 2009-06-29. Retrieved 2009-06-29. "The Republic of Kosovo became the newest member of the five World Bank Group institutions today, when Kosovar President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)." 
  74. ^ Kosovo joins EBRD: "...majority decision to include the Republic of Kosovo as member.", Estonia MFA
  75. ^ Row heats up over Kosovo EBRD bid, 15/05/2010
  76. ^ EBRD - Our shareholders
  77. ^ ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2012/1 - (CoB) Report from the President
  78. ^ Ministri i FSK-së Agim Ҫeku kërkoi antarsimin në “Karta e Adriatikut”, Ministry for Kosovo Security Force, 2012-03-29 (in Albanian): "KSF Minister Agim Ҫeku sought membership in the "Adriatic Charter" ... presented reasonable and reasoned request for membership of the Republic of Kosovo ... Next Conference of Ministers of Defense is expected to take place in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it is expected that the Republic of Kosovo is a member with full rights."
  79. ^ "Kosovo seeks to join international organisations". Turkish Weekly. 2012-07-19. Retrieved 2012-07-19. 
  80. ^ "Arrangements Regarding Regional Representation and Cooperation" (24 February 2012)
  81. ^ "Albania - UNMIK (Kosovo)" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-04-28. 
  82. ^ a b c d e f Stability Pact for South East Europe - FTA matrix
  83. ^ a b Provisional application
  84. ^ REGIONAL CONVENTION ON PAN-EURO-MEDITERRANEAN PREFERENTIAL RULES OF ORIGIN
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