Ford Mustang (fourth generation)

Fourth-generation Mustang

Manufacturer	Ford Motor Company
Production	1994–2004
Assembly	Dearborn, Michigan
Body style	2-door convertible 2-door coupe
Layout	FR layout
Platform	SN-95(1)1994–1998, SN-95(2)1999–2004
Engine	3.8 L (232 CID) OHV 94-04 Essex V6 3.9 L OHV 94-04 Essex V6 4.9 L (302 CID) OHV 94-95 GT Windsor V8 5.8 L (351 CID) OHV 95 Cobra R Windsor V8 4.6 L (281 CID) 2v SOHC 96-04 GT Modular V8 4.6 L (281 CID) 4v DOHC 96-01 Cobra Modular V8 4.6 L (281 CID) 4v DOHC SC 03-04 Cobra Modular V8 5.4 L (330 CID) 4v DOHC 2000 Cobra R Modular V8
Transmission	T-5 (5-speed manual) 94-present V6 World Class T-5 (5-speed manual) 94-95 GT/Cobra T-45 (5-Speed Manual) 96-99 Cobra, 96-01 GT TR-3550 (5-speed Manual) 95 Cobra R TR-3650 (5-Speed Manual) 01 Cobra, 01-10 GT T-56 (6-Speed Manual) Tremec T-56 transmission AODE (4-Speed automatic) 94-95 V6/GT 4R70W (4-Speed automatic) 96-04 V6/GT
Wheelbase	101.3 in (2,573 mm)
Length	181.5 in (4,610 mm) Cobra: 182.5 in (4,636 mm) 1999–2004: 183.2 in (4,653 mm) 1999–2004 Cobra: 183.5 in (4,661 mm)
Width	1994–98: 71.8 in (1,824 mm) 1999–2004: 73.1 in (1,857 mm)
Height	1994–96 Coupe: 52.9 in (1,344 mm) in 1997–98 Coupe & Cobra Convertible: 53.2 in (1,351 mm) GT Coupe, 1997–98 Convertible & GT Convertible: 53.4 in (1,356 mm) in 1994–96 GT Convertible & Cobra: 53.3 in (1,354 mm) 1994–96 Convertible: 53 in (1,346 mm) 1999–2004 Coupe: 53.1 in (1,349 mm) 1999–2004 Convertible & Cobra: 53.2 in (1,351 mm) 1999–2001 Cobra Convertible: 53.3 in (1,354 mm) Mach 1: 52.4 in (1,331 mm) 2002–04 SVT Cobra Coupe: 52.5 in (1,334 mm) 2002–04 SVT Cobra Convertible: 52.9 in (1,344 mm)

Main article: Ford Mustang

For 1994, the Mustang underwent its first major redesign in fifteen years. The design, code named "SN-95" by Ford, was based on an updated version of the Fox platform. It featured dramatic new styling by Patrick Schiavone that incorporated some stylistic elements similar to those of earlier Mustangs. A convertible model would also return, but the notchback and hatchback body styles used in earlier Mustangs were not available. Prior to the redesigned Mustang's launch, a 2-seater concept car called the Mustang Mach III was shown at the 1993 North American International Auto Show in Detroit and hinted at what future Mustangs might look like. The production Mustang resembled the Mach III concept's sweeping body curves. The Mach III concept also featured a supercharged 4.6 L DOHC V8 with 450 hp (336 kW; 456 PS). While this engine was not put into production, it hinted to the future use of Ford's Modular V8 in the Mustang, including the eventual use of a supercharged 4.6 L V8.

Mustang (1994–1998)

The base Mustang featured a 3.8 L OHV V6 mated to a standard 5-speed manual transmission or an optional AODE 4-speed automatic transmission. The V6 produced 145 hp (108 kW; 147 PS) at 4000 rpm and 215 lb·ft (292 N·m) of torque at 2500 rpm. For 1996, the base V6 gained five horsepower with a new powertrain control module (PCM), the EEC-V. The AODE transmission was replaced with the 4R70W 4-speed automatic transmission for 1996.

Interior of a 1994 Mustang Convertible in red. Other model years have a similar layout.

Ford allocated $700 million to improve the Fox platform for the 1994 Mustang. Efforts were made to improve the car's handling as well as noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) conditions over the previous generation Mustang. The Mustang's front suspension makes use of MacPherson struts with longer lower control arms, new spindles, anti-roll bars, and other enhancements over 1993 and older Mustangs. In the rear, a four-bar link solid axle is used. The 1994 Mustang's standard final drive ratio was 2.73:1, though this was later changed to 3.27:1. All Mustangs received standard four-wheel disc brakes, though anti-lock brakes (ABS) were optional.

Along with its new exterior, the 1994 Mustang received new interior styling. The Mustang's cabin featured a "dual-cockpit" layout that was adorned with contours and sweeping curves, similarly to other Fords of the time such as the Thunderbird. The 1994 Mustang offered many amenities and conveniences, a number of which later became standard equipment. The preferred equipment package came with power windows, mirrors, and door locks, remote keyless entry, air conditioning, cruise control, and a trunk cargo net. Also available was Ford's Mach 460, 230-watt multi-speaker sound system with CD player. All 1994 Mustangs received standard three-point seat belts and dual front airbags. Also, in 1996, the Mustang's tail light design changed from three smaller horizontal strips to three larger, contiguous vertical strips.

Mustang GT

Ford SN-95 Mustang Saleen

Building on the base Mustang, the Mustang GT was reintroduced for 1994, featuring higher performance and better handling than the base Mustang or its 1993 predecessor. Ford carried over the 302 CID Windsor pushrod small-block V8 engine (called the "5.0 L" although its capacity was 4.94 L) from the 1993 Mustang GT. Total output from the engine was 215 hp (160 kW; 218 PS) at 4200 rpm and 285 lb·ft (386 N·m) of torque at 3500 rpm. Though more refined, the 5.0 L V8 actually saw a drop in output for 1994 from the 1993 model year due to stricter emissions control. Mustang GTs could deliver zero to 60 mph (97 km/h) acceleration times in the mid-six second range and complete a quarter mile in about 15 seconds. The Mustang GT also featured a stiffer handling suspension, a 3.08:1 final drive ratio (later changed to 3.27:1 or 3.55:1 depending on the transmission and model year), dual exhausts, and larger 16-inch (410 mm) wheels (compared to the base Mustang's 15-inchers). The 1994 Mustang GT was named Motor Trend Car of the Year.

For 1995, a one-year model referred to as the Mustang GTS was introduced. This was considered to be a "stripped down" version of the Mustang GT that included the performance parts of the GT model, but a minimum of non-performance related features.

Ford dropped the 302 CID Windsor V8 that was in production since 1968, and the 1996 model year introduced the Modular 4.6 L SOHC V8. The new engine produced 215 hp (160 kW; 218 PS) at 4400 rpm and 285 lb·ft (386 N·m) of torque at 3500 rpm, matching the output of its predecessor. For 1998, the 4.6 L V8 received a small increase an output resulting in 225 hp (168 kW; 228 PS) at 4750 rpm and 290 lb·ft (393 N·m) of torque at 3500 rpm. This was achieved through PCM calibration and a modified fuel system. Though capable of matching or exceeding the older 302 V8's output, the 4.6 L V8 was criticized for delivering inadequate performance, particularly against the larger displacement of the OHV V8 used in the Mustang's chief rival, the Chevrolet Camaro.

Mustang Cobra

Building on the performance of the Mustang GT, Ford's Special Vehicle Team (SVT) developed an even higher performance car: the Mustang Cobra. Compared to the Mustang GT, the Cobra featured a revised suspension, wider tires, and larger brakes in addition to unique styling elements. For 1994 and 1995, the Cobra made use of the same 5.0 L V8 as the Mustang GT of the same model years. The Cobra's 5.0 produced 25 hp (19 kW) more power for a total of 240 hp (179 kW; 243 PS). For 1996, accompanying the Mustang GT's new V8, the Cobra received a new, all-aluminum 4.6 L 32 valve DOHC V8 producing 305 hp (227 kW; 309 PS) at 5800 rpm and 300 lb·ft (407 N·m) of torque at 4800 rpm. In 1995 A Cobra R model was offered, only 250 were built all in white paint with upgraded Tremec 5 speed manual transmissions. The Cobra R had a 5.8L V8 that produced 300 hp and 365 ft/lbs or torque.

The "New Edge" (1999–2004)

New Edge bodystyle Ford Mustang coupe

A redesigned SN-95 Mustang came in 1999. Characterizing the redesign was Ford's New Edge design language, which featured sharper contours, larger wheel arches, and creases in the bodywork, replacing many of the soft lines of the previous model. The Mustang also received new wheels and hubcaps. However, the car carried over the same roof line and interior, in addition to the same basic platform. All 1999 Mustangs (except the Cobra) received "35th-Anniversary" badges on the front fenders.

A "35th Anniversary Limited Edition" appearance option package came on 2,318 GT coupes and 2,310 GT convertibles. Available only in black, silver metallic, white, and red, they featured a body-colored hood scoop, rear spoiler, side scoops and rocker panels, a blacked-out panel between the taillamps, and 17 by 8-inch (200 mm) five-spoke aluminum wheels; while the Interiors included black leather and vinyl seats with silver inserts and pony logo, aluminum shift knob, a unique instrument cluster with 35th anniversary script, silver and black floor mats with 35th anniversary logo, and silver door trim inserts.

The 3.8 L OHV Essex V6 returned as the base engine for 1999. A new split-port induction system replaced single-port induction, which increased the base model's output to 190 hp (142 kW; 193 PS) @ 5250 rpm and 220 lb·ft (298 N·m) of torque @ 2750 rpm. In 2001, Ford added Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) which further increased the engine's output to 193 hp (144 kW; 196 PS) at 5500 rpm and 225 lb·ft (305 N·m) of torque @ 2800 rpm. During the second half of the 2004 model year, the 3.8 L Essex was replaced with the 3.9 L OHV Essex V6. The 3.9 L had a slightly longer stroke but output for the engine remained identical to the outgoing 3.8 L. The 3.9 L Essex only served in the mustang for 1/2 a year before being replaced by the 4.0 L Cologne V6 in 2005. The GT model continued to use the 4.6 L V8 as before, but now with 260 hp (194 kW; 264 PS)5250 rpm and 302 lb·ft (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm. They featured new "Performance Improvement" (PI) heads, cams, and intake manifold; thus becoming a modification for previous NPI "Non Performance Improvement" 4.6 L cars. Mustangs now featured a returnless type fuel system utilizing a PCM-guided fuel rail pressure sensor to regulate pressure.^{[citation needed]} The Mustang GT was now capable of low 14 second 1/4 mile ETs with 96+ mph trap speeds compared to the 1998 GT's upper-14 second ETs and 91-93 mph trap speeds.

For 1999, the Mustang also received a change to its taillights, making them edgier as opposed to the bubble-like rounded off verticle slots.

Mustang Cobra (1999, 2001, and 2003–2004)

The Cobra model returned for 1999 with its 32-valve 4.6 L V8, now rated at 320 hp (239 kW; 324 PS) at 6000 rpm and 317 lb·ft (430 N·m) of torque @ 4750 rpm. The 1999 Cobra had a T-45 transmission which was then replaced with the TR-3650 in the 2001 model. All 1999-2004 Cobras came equipped with an independent rear suspension (IRS), providing them with better handling compared to other Mustangs. Due to a manufacturing defect that caused lower-than-advertised engine output, Ford recalled all 1999 SVT Cobras for repairs. The resulting embarrassment caused Ford to withhold making a 2000 model year Cobra. The SVT Cobra returned briefly for 2001 but then went on a hiatus again for 2002 in America due to a redesign planned for 2003. The limited 2002 Cobras that were built were shipped to Australia and received a right hand drive conversion.

In 2003, Ford updated the SN-95 Cobra for the last time. Internally known during its development as the "Terminator," this Cobra, under the direction of Special Vehicle Program Director, O. John Coletti, featured a cast iron block supercharged 4.6 L DOHC V8. The Eaton supercharger and an air-to-water intercooler factory rated at 390 hp (291 kW) and 390 lb·ft (529 N·m) of torque. Ford replaced the 5-speed Tremec TR-3650 transmission with the heavier-duty 6-speed manual Tremec T-56, which was also found in the Dodge Viper, the Chevrolet Corvette, and the (then out-of-production) Chevrolet Camaro Z28 and SS. From the factory, the 2003 to 2004 Cobras ran quarter mile times in the high 12s to low 13s with trap speeds around 110 mph (180 km/h).

Special editions

The 1995 Cobra R In the wake of the '93 R’s unexpected success, SVT engineers developed a more powerful R-model based on the 1995 Cobra. Top priority became addressing customer requests for a larger, more powerful engine and more fuel capacity. In response to those requests, SVT replaced the Cobra’s 5.0 L V8 with an SVT modified version of Ford’s 5.8 liter Windsor V8, re-engineered to produce 300 horsepower (220 kW) and installed a Kevlar 20 U.S. gallons (76 L) fuel tank. To handle the torque of the more powerful engine, a Tremec 3550 5 speed manual transmission was installed. See also 5-speed T-5 manual. Again, weight-savings was targeted, so there was no back seat, radio, power windows/seats or air-conditioning—not even fog lights, which were omitted to provide ducts for getting cool air onto the front disk brakes. Heavy-duty progressive-rate springs, thicker stabilizer bars and a front strut tower brace helped improve handling on the racetrack. Only 250 vehicles were built, available only in white with saddle cloth interior, each with a unique center-tiered fiberglass hood tall enough to clear the engine and induction system.

In 2000, a unique trim level called "Spring Feature" was available on GT models. Offered only in Performance Red, Black, Silver, White, or Zinc Yellow, the Spring Feature package contained 17" x 8" performance wheels and tires, a body-colored hood scoop, body-colored side scoops, two black "GT" stripes on the hood, and black "Mustang" inserts on the embossed bumper. Ford produced 3,091 Spring Feature GTs.

In 2001, the Special Edition Bullitt was released to the public. Available only as coupe, the Bullitt was a mildly upgraded version of the standard GT. Factory upgrades included with a lowered suspension (3/4 inch), subframe connectors (used on the convertible models), Tokico shocks, and brakes from the Cobra (13 in front, 11.7 in rear). The car also received an upgraded exhaust and a re-designed intake. These power upgrades led to a factory rating of 265 hp (198 kW), a gain of five horsepower over the standard GT. On the exterior, the car received unique Torq-Thrust style wheels, removal of the fog lights and rear deck spoiler, as well as new trim accents. It was available in three colors: Dark Highland Green, True Blue, and Black.^{[citation needed]}

The success of the 2001 Bullitt led to the production of a second special edition, the 2003 to 2004 Mach 1. The Mach 1 was equipped with a 4.6 L DOHC 305 hp (227 kW) engine based on the engine available in the 1999 and 2001 Mustang Cobras, with new cylinder heads from the 2003 to 2004 Cobra (see below). The interior of the car was given a retro theme with seats made to look like the "comfort-weave" seats available in the 1960s-era Mach 1s. It also featured retro themed gauges and a unique aluminum shifter ball. On the vehicle's exterior, a Mach 1 package was applied, as well as a functional Shaker scoop, a unique 3-tier hood, decals set on the hood, rocker/door panels, a special chin spoiler, a flat black-rear-spoiler, Magnum 500 style wheels, and a redesigned C-pillar. The car also received similar suspension upgrades as the Bullitt.^{[citation needed]}

Ford celebrated its 100th Anniversary in June 2003, and made limited edition F-Series Super Duty trucks, Explorers, Taurusai, Focusai, and Mustang GTs to commemorate the event. The 100th Anniversary models only came in black, and included Premium Verona-grain Imola leather seating surfaces in two-tone parchment, and the Mustang got the GT premium package which included 17" wheels, anti-lock brakes and traction control; dual exhaust; power driver's seat with power lumbar support; leather-wrapped steering wheel; and Mach 1000 or Mach 460 AM/FM Stereo with six-disc CD changer, as well as 100th Anniversary badges on the fender and decklid and embossed on the seats. The Centennial Package was a $995 upgrade.

Right-hand drive conversion

In 2001, Ford Australia undertook the ambitious two-year project of importing and marketing Mustang in Australia. Ford Australia allocated A$4million for the conversion and modification work on 250 Mustangs. However, the Mustang was never engineered for right-hand drive market in the first place. Thus, the Mustang must be individually converted to right-hand drive and modified to comply with stringent Australian Design Rules. Ford Australia contracted with Tickford (local company that made the high performance modifications to the Australian Ford vehicles) to carry out the design and engineering work for conversion and modification.

Engine output summary

Year	Base Model	GT	Cobra	Special Edition
1994	145 hp (108 kW) @ 4000 rpm 215 ft·lbf (291 N·m) of torque @ 2500 rpm	215 hp (160 kW) @ 4200 rpm 285 ft·lbf (386 N·m) of torque @ 3500 rpm	240 hp (179 kW)
1995	145 hp (108 kW) @ 4000 rpm 215 ft·lbf (291 N·m) of torque @ 2500 rpm	215 hp (160 kW) @ 4200 rpm 285 ft·lbf (386 N·m) of torque @ 3500 rpm	240 hp (179 kW)	300 hp (Cobra R)
1996	150 hp (108 kW) @ 4000 rpm 215 ft·lbf (291 N·m) of torque @ 2500 rpm	215 hp (160 kW) @ 4400 rpm 285 ft·lbf (386 N·m) of torque @ 3500 rpm	305 hp (227 kW) @ 5800 rpm 300 ft·lbf (406 N·m) of torque @ 4800 rpm
1997	150 hp (108 kW) @ 4000 rpm 215 ft·lbf (291 N·m) of torque @ 2500 rpm	215 hp (160 kW) @ 4400 rpm 285 ft·lbf (386 N·m) of torque @ 3500 rpm	305 hp (227 kW) @ 5800 rpm 300 ft·lbf (406 N·m) of torque @ 4800 rpm
1998	150 hp (108 kW) @ 4000 rpm 215 ft·lbf (291 N·m) of torque @ 2500 rpm	225 hp (168 kW) @ 4750 rpm 290 ft·lbf (393 N·m) of torque @ 3500 rpm	305 hp (227 kW) @ 5800 rpm 300 ft·lbf (406 N·m) of torque @ 4800 rpm
1999	190 hp (142 kW) @ 5250 rpm 220 ft·lbf (298 N·m) of torque @ 2750 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm	320 hp (239 kW) @ 6000 rpm 317 ft·lbf (429 N·m) of torque @ 4750 rpm
2000	190 hp (142 kW) @ 5250 rpm 220 ft·lbf (298 N·m) of torque @ 2750 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm		385 hp (Cobra R)
2001	193 hp (144 kW) @ 5500 rpm 225 ft·lbf (305 N·m) of torque @ 2800 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm	320 hp (239 kW) @ 6000 rpm 317 ft·lbf (429 N·m) of torque @ 4750 rpm	265 hp (198 kW) (Bullitt)
2002	193 hp (144 kW) @ 5500 rpm 225 ft·lbf (305 N·m) of torque @ 2800 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm
2003	193 hp (144 kW) @ 5500 rpm 225 ft·lbf (305 N·m) of torque @ 2800 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm	390 hp (291 kW) 390 ft·lbf (529 N·m) of torque	305 hp (227 kW) (Mach I)
2004	193 hp (144 kW) @ 5500 rpm 225 ft·lbf (305 N·m) of torque @ 2800 rpm	260 hp (194 kW) @ 5250 rpm 302 ft·lbf (409 N·m) of torque @ 4000 rpm	390 hp (291 kW) 390 ft·lbf (529 N·m) of torque	305 hp (227 kW) (Mach I)