Bundesliga

This article is about the German football league. For other uses, see Bundesliga (disambiguation).

Bundesliga

Country	Germany
Confederation	UEFA
Founded	1963
Number of teams	18
Levels on pyramid	1
Relegation to	2. Bundesliga
Domestic cup(s)	DFB-Pokal DFL-Supercup
International cup(s)	UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League
Current champions	Bayern Munich (22nd BL title) (2012–13)
Most championships	Bayern Munich (22 BL titles)
TV partners	Sky Deutschland ARD ZDF SPORT1 Liga total!
Website	bundesliga.com
2013–14 Bundesliga

The Fußball-Bundesliga, commonly known as the Bundesliga (German pronunciation: [ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa], Federal League), is a professional association football league in Germany. At the top of the German football league system, the Bundesliga is Germany's primary football competition. The Bundesliga is contested by 18 teams and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the 2. Bundesliga. Seasons run from August to May. Most games are played on Saturdays and Sundays, with a few games played during weekdays. All of the Bundesliga clubs qualify for the DFB-Pokal. The winner of the Bundesliga qualifies for the DFL-Supercup.

A total of 52 clubs have competed in the Bundesliga since its founding. FC Bayern Munich has won the Bundesliga the most, winning the title 22 times. However, the Bundesliga has seen other champions with Borussia Dortmund, Hamburger SV, Werder Bremen, Borussia Mönchengladbach and VfB Stuttgart most prominent among them. The Bundesliga is one of the top national leagues, currently ranked 3rd in Europe according to UEFA's league coefficient ranking, based on recent European performances. The Bundesliga is the number one football league in the world in terms of average attendance; out of all sports, its average of 45,134 fans per game during the 2011–12 season was the second highest of any sports league in the world. The Bundesliga is broadcast on television in over 200 countries.

The Bundesliga was founded in 1962 in Dortmund and the first season started in 1963. The structure and organisation of the Bundesliga along with Germany's other football leagues have undergone frequent changes right up to the present day. The Bundesliga was originally founded by the Deutscher Fußball-Bund (English: German Football Association), but is now operated by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (English: German Football League).

Overview

The winner of the Bundesliga receives the Deutsche Meisterschale

The Bundesliga is composed of two divisions: the 1. Bundesliga (although it is rarely referred to with the First prefix), and, below that, the 2. Bundesliga (Second Bundesliga), which has been the second tier of German football since 1974. The Bundesligen (plural) are professional leagues. Since 2008, the 3. Liga (3rd League) in Germany is also a professional league, but may not be called Bundesliga because the league is run by the German Football Association (DFB) and not, as are the two Bundesligen, by the German Football League (Deutsche Fußball-Liga or DFL).

Below the level of the 3rd league, leagues are generally often subdivided on a regional basis. For example, the Regionalligen are currently made up of Nord (North), Nordost (Northeast), Süd (South), Südwest (Southwest) and West divisions. Below this are thirteen parallel divisions, most of which are called Oberligen (upper leagues) which represent federal states or large urban and geographical areas. The levels below the Oberligen differ between the local areas. The league structure has changed frequently and typically reflects the degree of participation in the sport in various parts of the country. In the early 1990s, changes were driven by the reunification of Germany and the subsequent integration of the national league of East Germany.

Every team in the two Bundesligen must have a licence to play in the league, or else they are relegated into the regional leagues. To obtain a licence, teams must be financially healthy and meet certain standards of conduct as organisations.

As in other national leagues, there are significant benefits to being in the top division:

• A greater share of television broadcast licence revenues goes to 1. Bundesliga sides.
• 1. Bundesliga teams draw significantly greater levels of fan support. Average attendance in the first league is 42,673 per game — more than twice the average of the 2. Bundesliga.
• Greater exposure through television and higher attendance levels helps 1. Bundesliga teams attract the most lucrative sponsorships.
• 1. Bundesliga teams develop substantial financial muscle through the combination of television and gate revenues, sponsorships and marketing of their team brands. This allows them to attract and retain skilled players from domestic and international sources and to construct first-class stadium facilities.

The 1. Bundesliga is financially strong, and the 2. Bundesliga has begun to evolve in a similar direction, becoming more stable organisationally and financially, and reflecting an increasingly higher standard of professional play.

Borussia Dortmund against rivals Schalke, known as the Revierderby, in the Bundesliga in 2009

Internationally, the most well-known German clubs include Bayern Munich, Borussia Dortmund, Hamburger SV, Werder Bremen, Schalke 04, Bayer Leverkusen and VfB Stuttgart. Hamburger SV is the only team to have played continuously in the Bundesliga since its foundation.

In the 2008–09 season, the Bundesliga reinstated an earlier German system of promotion and relegation:

• The bottom two finishers in the Bundesliga are automatically relegated to the 2. Bundesliga, with the top two finishers in the 2. Bundesliga taking their place.
• The third-from-bottom club in the Bundesliga will play a two-legged match with the third-place team from the 2. Bundesliga, with the winner taking up the final place in the following season's Bundesliga.

For several years, a different system had been used in which the bottom three finishers of the Bundesliga had been automatically relegated, to be replaced by the top three finishers in the 2. Bundesliga. (Before 1974–75 it was only four clubs that changed places instead of six).

The season starts in early August and lasts until late May, with a winter break of six weeks (mid-December through to the end of January). In recent years, games have been played on Saturdays (five games beginning at 3:30 pm and one game beginning at 6:30 pm) and Sundays (one game beginning at 3:30 pm and one game at 5:30 pm). A new television deal in 2006 reintroduced a Friday game (beginning at 8:30 pm).

History

Origins

For more details on this topic, see History of German football

Prior to the formation of the Bundesliga, German football was played at an amateur level in a large number of sub-regional leagues until, in 1949, part-time (semi-) professionalism was introduced and only five regional Oberligen (Premier Leagues) remained. Regional champions and runners-up played a series of playoff matches for the right to compete in a final game for the national championship. On 28 January 1900, a national association, the Deutscher Fußball Bund (DFB) had been founded in Leipzig with 86 member clubs. The first recognised national championship team was VfB Leipzig, who beat DFC Prague 7–2 in a game played at Altona on 31 May 1903.

Through the 1950s, there were continued calls for the formation of a central professional league, especially as professional leagues in other countries began to draw Germany's best players away from the semi-professional domestic leagues. At the international level the German game began to falter as German teams often fared poorly against professional teams from other countries. A key supporter of the central league concept was national team head coach Sepp Herberger who said, “If we want to remain competitive internationally, we have to raise our expectations at the national level.”

Meanwhile, in East Germany, a separate league was established with the formation of the DS-Oberliga (Deutscher Sportausschuss Oberliga) in 1950. The league was renamed the Football Oberliga DFV in 1958 and was generally referred to simply as the DDR-Liga or DDR-Oberliga. The league fielded 14 teams with two relegation spots.

Establishment

Main article: Introduction of the Fußball-Bundesliga

The Bundesliga was founded at the annual DFB convention at the Westfalenhallen in Dortmund on 28 July 1962

The defeat of the national team by Yugoslavia (0–1) in a 1962 World Cup quarter-final game in Chile was one impetus (of many) towards the formation of a national league. At the annual DFB convention under new DFB president Hermann Gösmann (elected that very day) the Bundesliga was created in Dortmund at the Westfalenhallen on 28 July 1962 to begin play starting with the 1963–64 season.

At the time, there were five Oberligen (Premier Leagues) in place representing West Germany's North, South, West, Southwest, and Berlin. East Germany, behind the Iron Curtain, maintained its separate league structure. 46 clubs applied for admission to the new league. 16 teams were selected based on their success on the field, economic criteria and representation of the various Oberligen.

• From Oberliga Nord: Eintracht Braunschweig, Werder Bremen, Hamburger SV
• From Oberliga West: Borussia Dortmund, 1. FC Köln, Meidericher SV (now MSV Duisburg), Preußen Münster, Schalke 04
• From Oberliga Südwest: 1. FC Kaiserslautern, 1. FC Saarbrücken
• From Oberliga Süd: Eintracht Frankfurt, Karlsruher SC, 1. FC Nuremberg, TSV 1860 München, VfB Stuttgart
• From Oberliga Berlin: Hertha BSC

The first Bundesliga games were played on 24 August 1963. Early favourite 1. FC Köln was the first Bundesliga champion (with 45:19 points) over second place clubs Meidericher SV and Eintracht Frankfurt (both 39:25).

Structure and competition

Heung-Min Son and Hamburg against Eljero Elia and Werder Bremen in the Nordderby

The German football champion is decided strictly by play in the Bundesliga. Each club plays every other club once at home and once away. Originally, a victory was worth two points, with one point for a draw and none for a loss. Since the 1995–96 season, a victory has been worth three points, with no change in the value of a draw or loss. The club with the most points at the end of the season becomes German champions. Currently, the top three clubs in the table qualify automatically for the group phase of the UEFA Champions League, while the fourth-place team enters the Champions League at the third qualifying round (see overview). The two teams at the bottom of the table are relegated into the 2nd Bundesliga, while the top two teams in the 2nd Bundesliga are promoted. The 16th-placed team (third-last), and the third-placed team in the 2nd Bundesliga play a two-leg play-off match. The winner of this match plays the next season in the Bundesliga, and the loser in the 2nd Bundesliga.

If teams are level on points, tie-breakers are applied in the following order:

1. Goal difference for the entire season
2. Total goals scored for the entire season
3. Head-to-head results (total points)
4. Head-to-head goals scored
5. Head-to-head away goals scored
6. Total away goals scored for the entire season

If two clubs are still tied after all of these tie-breakers have been applied, a single match is held at a neutral site to determine the placement. However, this has never been necessary in the history of the Bundesliga.

In terms of team selection, matchday squads must have no more than five non-EU representatives. Seven substitutes are permitted to be selected, from which three can be used in the duration of the game.

Changes in league structure

Eintracht Frankfurt against Bayer Leverkusen

• Number of teams:
  • 1963–64 to 1964–65: 16
  • 1965–66 to 1990–91: 18
  • 1991–92: 20, while the East German league was being included after German reunification
  • Since 1992–93: 18

• Number of teams relegated (automatic relegation except as noted):
  • 1963–64 to 1973–74: 2
  • 1974–75 to 1980–81: 3
  • 1981–82 to 1990–91: 2 automatic plus the 16th-place team in the First Bundesliga played a two-leg relegation match against the third-place team of the Second Bundesliga for the final spot in the First Bundesliga
  • 1991–92: 4
  • 1992–93 to 2007–08: 3
  • Since 2008–09: 2 automatic plus the 16th-place team in the First Bundesliga playing a two-leg relegation match against the third-place team of the Second Bundesliga for the final spot in the First Bundesliga

European qualification (as of 2011–12)

• 1st, 2nd place and 3rd place: Group phase of UEFA Champions League
• 4th place: Play-off round of Champions League for non-champions. Winners at this stage enter the group phase; losers enter the group phase of UEFA Europa League.
• DFB-Pokal (German Cup) winner: Qualifies for group phase of UEFA Europa League regardless of league position.
  • If the Cup winner qualifies for the Champions League, the cup winner's place in the Europa League goes to the defeated cup finalist if it is not already qualified for European competition, although the defeated cup finalist will enter the competition a stage earlier than if it had won the Cup. This rule was retained from the Europa League's predecessor, the UEFA Cup.
    • The team that benefits from this rule does not necessarily have to be a Bundesliga member. For example, although 2nd Bundesliga sides Alemannia Aachen lost to Werder Bremen in the 2004 DFB-Pokal final, Alemannia secured an entry in the 2004–05 UEFA Cup, because Werder qualified for the Champions League as First Bundesliga champions.
    • Also, if both cup finalists qualify for the Champions League, the Europa League berth reserved for the DFB-Pokal winners is transferred to the highest finisher below the Champions League qualification places, with the two teams immediately below assuming the regular Europa League spots. This most recently happened in 2012, when the 2012 DFB-Pokal Final pitted champions Borussia Dortmund against second-placed Bayern Munich. As a result, seventh-placed Hannover 96, which would otherwise not have qualified for a European competition, received a berth in the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League.
• 5th place: Play-off round of Europa League
• 6th place: Third qualifying round of Europa League
• An additional place in the Europa League may also be granted via the UEFA Fair Play mechanism. This rule was maintained from the UEFA Cup. The last Bundesliga team to gain entry to the UEFA Cup via the fair play rule was Mainz 05 in 2005–06.

The number of German clubs which may participate in UEFA competitions is determined by UEFA coefficients, which take into account the results of a particular nation's clubs in UEFA competitions over the preceding five years.

History of European qualification

• European Cup/Champions League:
  • Up to and including 1996–97: German champion only.
  • 1997–99: Top two teams; champions automatically into group phase, runners-up entered the qualifying round.
  • 1999–2008: Top two teams automatically into first group phase (only one group phase starting in 2003–04). Depending on the DFB's UEFA coefficients standing, either one or two other clubs (most recently one) entered at the third qualifying round; winners at this level entered the group phase.
  • 2008–2011: Top two teams automatically into group phase. Third placed team had to play in the play-off round for the right to play in the group stage.
• UEFA Cup/Europa League:
  • From 1971–72 to 1998–99, UEFA member nations could send between one to four teams to the UEFA Cup. Germany was always entitled to send at least three teams to the competition and often as many as four. From 1978–79, the number of participants was determined by the DFB's UEFA coefficent standing, prior to this the method for deciding the number of participants is unknown. The best performing teams in the league other than the champion would qualify, although if one of these teams was also winner of the DFB-Pokal then they would enter the Cup Winners' Cup instead and their UEFA Cup place would be taken by the next highest-placed team in the league (5th or 6th place). Briefly in the mid-1970s the DFB decided to allocate the last UEFA Cup place to the DFB-Pokal runner-up instead of a third or fourth team qualified by performance in the league, meaning that at this point the DFB-Pokal qualified two teams for European competition (winners for the Cup Winners' Cup, runners-up for the UEFA Cup). This policy was unique amongst UEFA member associations and was dropped after only a few seasons. Starting with the 1999–2000 season and the abolition of the Cup Winners' Cup (which was then folded into the UEFA Cup), the DFB-Pokal winner now automatically qualified for the UEFA Cup alongside, depending on the DFB's UEFA coefficients standing, between one and three extra participants (if the DFB-Pokal winner also qualified for the Champions League, they were replaced by the DFB-Pokal runner-up; if they were also qualified for the Champions League, the UEFA Cup place went to the next best placed team in the league not otherwise qualified for European competition). Since 1999, the DFB has always been entitled to enter a minimum of three clubs in the UEFA Cup/Europa League, and at times as many as four (the maximum for any European federation). Teams that entered via UEFA's Fair Play mechanism, or those that entered through the now-defunct Intertoto Cup, did not count against the national quota. From 2006 through the final Intertoto Cup in 2008, only one First Bundesliga side was eligible to enter the Intertoto Cup and possibly earn a UEFA Cup berth. For the 2005–06 season, the DFB earned an extra UEFA Cup place via the Fair Play draw; this place went to Mainz 05 as the highest-ranked club in the Fair Play table of the First Bundesliga not already qualified for Europe.
• Cup Winners' Cup (abolished after 1999):
  • The winner of the DFB-Pokal entered the Cup Winners' Cup, unless that team was also league champion and therefore competing in the European Cup/Champions League, in which case their place in the Cup Winners' Cup was taken by the DFB-Pokal runner-up. Today, the DFB-Pokal winner (if not otherwise qualified for the Champions League) enters the UEFA Europa League.

Current members of the Bundesliga (2012–13 season)

Main article: 2012–13 Fußball-Bundesliga

Promotees SpVgg Greuther Fürth will expand the capacity of their Trolli Arena to 18,000 spectators in order to guarantee all matches of the campaign being played at their own ground.

Augsburg

Bayern Munich

Bremen

Dortmund

Düsseldorf

Eintr. Frankfurt

Freiburg

Gr. Fürth

Hamburg

Hannover

Hoffenheim

Leverkusen

Mainz

M'gladbach

Nuremberg

Schalke

Stuttgart

Wolfsburg

Locations of the 2012–13 Fußball-Bundesliga teams

Team	Location	Stadium	Capacity
Augsburg !FC Augsburg	Augsburg	SGL arena	30,660
Bayer Leverkusen	Leverkusen	BayArena	30,210
Bayern Munich	Munich	Allianz Arena	71,000
Borussia Dortmund	Dortmund	Signal Iduna Park	80,720
Borussia Mönchengladbach	Monchengladbach !Mönchengladbach	Borussia-Park	54,057
Frankfurt !Eintracht Frankfurt	Frankfurt	Commerzbank-Arena	51,500
Fortuna Düsseldorf !Fortuna Düsseldorf	Düsseldorf	Esprit Arena	54,600
Freiburg !SC Freiburg	Freiburg	Mage Solar Stadion	25,000
Greuther Furth !SpVgg Greuther Fürth	Furth !Fürth	Trolli Arena	18,000
Hamburger SV	Hamburg	Imtech Arena	57,000
Hannover 96	Hanover	AWD-Arena	49,000
Hoffenheim !1899 Hoffenheim	Sinsheim	Rhein-Neckar-Arena	30,150
Mainz !1. FSV Mainz 05	Mainz	Coface Arena	34,034
Nuremberg !1. FC Nuremberg	Nuremberg	Grundig-Stadion	48,548
Schalke !FC Schalke 04	Gelsenkirchen	Veltins-Arena	61,673
Stuttgart !VfB Stuttgart	Stuttgart	Mercedes-Benz Arena	60,300
Werder Bremen	Bremen	Weserstadion	42,000
Wolfsburg !VfL Wolfsburg	Wolfsburg	Volkswagen Arena	30,000

Verdiente Meistervereine

In 2004, the honor of "Verdiente Meistervereine" (roughly “distinguished champion clubs”) was introduced, following a custom first practised by the Italian Football Federation,^{[citation needed]} to recognize sides that have won multiple championships or other honours by the display of gold stars on their team badges and jerseys. Each country's usage is unique and in Germany the practice is to award one star for three titles, two stars for five titles, three stars for 10 titles, and four stars for 20 titles.

The former East German side Berliner FC Dynamo laid claim to the three stars of a 10-time champion. They petitioned the league to have their DDR-Oberliga titles recognized, but received no reply. Dynamo eventually took matters into their own hands and emblazoned their jerseys with three stars. This caused some debate given what may be the tainted nature of their championships under the patronage of East Germany's secret police, the Stasi. The issue also affects other former East German and pre-Bundesliga champions. In November 2005, the DFB allowed all former champions to display a single star inscribed with the number of titles, including all German men's titles since 1903, women's titles since 1974 and East German titles.

The DFB format only applies to teams playing below the Bundesliga (below the top two divisions), since there the DFL conventions remain in force. BFC Dynamo Berlin have not followed this guideline and continue to wear three stars, rather than a single star inscribed with the number 10. Greuther Fürth unofficially display three (silver) stars for pre-war titles in spite of being in the Bundesliga second division. These stars are a permanent part of their crest. However, Fürth has to leave the stars out on their jersey.

As of June 2010 the following clubs are officially allowed to wear stars while playing in the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for Bundesliga titles won.

• Bayern Munich (22)
• Borussia Mönchengladbach (5)
• Borussia Dortmund (5)
• SV Werder Bremen (4)
• Hamburger SV (3)
• VfB Stuttgart (3)

In addition, a system of one star designation was adopted for use. This system is intended to take into account not only Bundesliga titles but also other (now defunct) national championships. As of June 2010, the following clubs are allowed to wear one star while playing outside the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for total league championships won over the course of German football history, and would be displayed within the star.

• Bayern Munich (23)
• Berliner FC Dynamo (10)
• 1. FC Nuremberg (9)
• Dynamo Dresden (8)
• Borussia Dortmund (8)
• FC Schalke 04 (7)

• Hamburger SV (6)
• FC Viktoria Frankfurt (6)
• Borussia Mönchengladbach (5)
• VfB Stuttgart (5)
• SV Werder Bremen (4)
• 1. FC Kaiserslautern (4)

• 1. FC Magdeburg (3)
• FC Erzgebirge Aue (3)
• Lokomotive Leipzig (3)
• FC Carl Zeiss Jena (3)
• 1. FC Köln (3)
• SpVgg Greuther Fürth (3)

Business model

In the 2009–10 season, the Bundesliga's turnover was €1.7bn, broken down into match-day revenue (€424m), sponsorship receipts (€573m) and broadcast income (€594m). That year it was the only European football league where clubs collectively made a profit. Bundesliga clubs paid less than 50% of revenue in players wages, the lowest percentage out of the European leagues. While the English Premier League enjoys higher revenue growth thanks to a larger global fanbase (most Bundesliga clubs are not well known outside Germany) and skyrocketing television income (as the English have a less competitive pay-TV market), clubs spend a much greater percentage of revenue than their Bundesliga counterparts on player salaries. Bundesliga clubs tend to form close associations with local firms, several of which have since grown to big global companies; in a comparison of the leading Bundesliga and Premiership clubs, Bayern Munich received 55% of its revenue from company sponsorship deals, while Manchester United got 37%.

Bundesliga clubs are required to be majority-owned by German club members (known as the 50+1 rule to discourage control by a single entity) and operate under tight restrictions on the use of debt for acquisitions (a team only receives an operating license if it has solid financials), as a result 11 of the 18 clubs were in the black after the 2008–09 season. By contrast the lax approach of the other major European leagues has resulted in several high profile teams coming under ownership of tycoons and Arab sheiks, and a larger number of clubs have high levels of debt.

As a result of a limited talent pool, which caused the German national team to fare poorly at Euro 2000, the German Football Association and the Bundesliga mandated that all clubs run a youth academy, with the aim of bolstering the stream of local talent for the club and national team. As of 2010 the Bundesliga and second Bundesliga spend €75m a year on these youth academies, that train five thousand players aged 12–18, increasing the under-23-year-olds in the Bundesliga from 6% in 2000 to 15% in 2010. This allows more money to be spent on the players that are bought, and there is a greater chance to buy better instead of average players. By contrast, the English Premiership has lately been dominated by foreigners which strains the talent pool for the national team, and La Liga clubs have paid the record-breaking transfer fees to bring in foreign stars.

In the last 10 years, the Bundesliga is regarded as competitive, as five different teams have won the league title. This contrasts with Spain's La Liga which is dominated by the "Big Two" (Barcelona and Real Madrid), and the English Premier League which has seen the "Big Four" (Manchester United, Chelsea, Liverpool, and Arsenal, though recently Liverpool has dropped off while the big-spending Manchester City has emerged as a contender) finish in the top four for a number of years.

Financial regulations

For a number of years, the clubs in the Bundesliga have been subject to regulations not unlike the UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations agreed upon in September 2009.

At the end of each season, clubs in the Bundesliga must apply to the German Football Federation (DFB) for a licence to participate again the following year; only when the DFB, who have access to all transfer documents and accounts, are satisfied that there is no threat of insolvency do they give approval. The DFB have a system of fines and points deductions for clubs who flout rules and those who go into the red can only buy a player after selling one for at least the same amount. In addition, no individual is allowed to own more than 49 percent of any Bundesliga club, the only exceptions being VfL Wolfsburg and Bayer Leverkusen which were originally founded as factory teams.

Despite the good economic governance, there have still been some instances of clubs getting into difficulties. In 2004, Borussia Dortmund reported a debt of €118.8 million (£83 million). Having won the Champions League in 1997 and a number of Bundesliga titles, Dortmund had gambled to maintain their success with an expensive group of largely foreign players but failed, narrowly escaping liquidation in 2006. In subsequent years, the club went through extensive restructuring to return to financial health, largely with young home-grown players. In 2004 Hertha BSC reported debts of £24.7 million and were able to continue in the Bundesliga only after proving they had long term credit with their bank.

The leading German club FC Bayern Munich made a net profit of just €2.5 million in 2008–09 season (group accounts, while Schalke 04 made a net loss of €30.4 million in 2009 financial year. Borussia Dortmund GmbH & Co. KGaA, made a net loss of just €2.9 million in 2008–09 season.

Attendances

The Bundesliga is the number one football league in the world in terms of average attendance; out of all sports, its average of 45,134 fans per game during the 2011–12 season was the second highest of any sports league in the world.

Out of Europe's five major football leagues (Premier League, Serie A, La Liga, and Ligue 1), the Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance. Many club stadia have large terraced areas for standing fans (by comparison, stadia in the English Premier League are all-seaters due to the Taylor Report). Teams limit the number of season tickets to ensure everyone has a chance to see the games live, and the away club has the right to 10% of the available capacity. Match tickets often double as free rail passes which encourages supporters to travel and celebrate in a relaxed atmosphere. According to Bundesliga chief executive Christian Seifert, tickets are inexpensive (especially for standing room) as "It is not in the clubs' culture so much [to raise prices]. They are very fan orientated". Uli Hoeneß, the president of Bayern Munich, was quoted as saying "We do not think the fans are like cows to be milked. Football has got to be for everybody. That's the biggest difference between us and England."

• 2008–09: 42,565 average
• 2009–10: 42,101
• 2010–11: 42,673
• 2011–12: 45,179

Media coverage

Domestically, Sky holds the rights to broadcast all first and second division matches on a pay television basis. Deutsche Telekom holds the IPTV rights. Only four matches – the season opener, the first match after the winter break, and both legs of the relegation playoff – are broadcast on free television, on ARD. Since August 2008 90elf holds the rights to broadcast all first and second division matches online and via Digital Audio Broadcasting.

The current international Bundesliga TV rights run until 2015.

GOL TV has exclusive U.S. and Canadian rights to broadcast the Bundesliga, however ESPN3 also broadcasts certain games that GOL TV does not pick up. In Australia the Bundesliga is broadcast by Setanta Sports and digital channel One HD. Sport Klub has the rights to broadcast in Serbia. In Greece, most Bundesliga matches are broadcast on OTE's cable TV platform, Conn-x TV Sports. SportTV broadcast one live game per week for Portugal. In Spain the Bundesliga is broadcast by Digital+, In Italy the Bundesliga is broadcast by Sky Sport.

In the United Kingdom the Bundesliga was formerly available to Setanta Sports subscribers with two games shown per week on average. However after Setanta's UK division went out of business due to financial problems, Eurosport secured the rights to broadcast the Bundesliga in several European countries, on their secondary channel, Eurosport 2. From the start of the 2009–10 season, ESPN's UK channel broadcasts live Bundesliga matches in the UK. ITV4 broadcasts a weekly highlights show of the Bundesliga.

In Australia four exclusive games per week from the Bundesliga are broadcast on Setanta Sports & Match of the Week Live or Delay on ONE HD.

The Bundesliga is on ESPN in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The Bundesliga is on ESPN do Brasil in Brazil.

In India, up to three matches a week are shown on Neo Sports, generally two live and one delayed.

The rights to broadcast the Bundesliga are generally marketed by the DFL.

In Mexico, the Bundesliga is on ESPN.

In Japan, the Bundesliga is on Fuji TV, NHK, and FOX.

In China, CCTV5 have exclusive matches every week. In Hong Kong, the Bundesliga is on i-Cable.

In Philippines, AKTV on IBC and Hyper have exclusive games every week.

In Vietnam, Thể thao TV and K plus have exclusive matches every week.

In Indonesia, Indosiar and Bang Habib have 2 games per week and opening match.

In Afghanistan, Tolo TV and Lemar TV will have full coverage of the league and its games starting in February 2013.

Champions

Main article: List of German football champions

In total, 43 clubs have won the German championship, this includes titles won before the Bundesliga's inception and those in the East German Oberliga. The record champions are FC Bayern Munich with 23 titles, ahead of BFC Dynamo Berlin with 10 (all in East Germany) and 1. FC Nuremberg with 9.

The following clubs have won the Bundesliga: FC Bayern Munich (22 titles), Borussia Mönchengladbach and Borussia Dortmund (5), Werder Bremen (4), Hamburger SV and VfB Stuttgart (3), 1. FC Köln and FC Kaiserslautern (2), TSV 1860 Munich, Eintracht Braunschweig, 1. FC Nuremberg and VfL Wolfsburg (1). No club from former East Germany or Berlin has won the Bundesliga.

Season	Bundesliga Champion		Season	Bundesliga Champion		Season	Bundesliga Champion		Season	Bundesliga Champion
63–64	1. FC Köln		76–77	Borussia Mönchengladbach		89–90	FC Bayern Munich		02–03	FC Bayern Munich
64–65	SV Werder Bremen		77–78	1. FC Köln		90–91	1. FC Kaiserslautern		03–04	SV Werder Bremen
65–66	TSV 1860 München		78–79	Hamburger SV		91–92	VfB Stuttgart		04–05	FC Bayern Munich
66–67	Eintracht Braunschweig		79–80	FC Bayern Munich		92–93	SV Werder Bremen		05–06	FC Bayern Munich
67–68	1. FC Nuremberg		80–81	FC Bayern Munich		93–94	FC Bayern Munich		06–07	VfB Stuttgart
68–69	FC Bayern Munich		81–82	Hamburger SV		94–95	Borussia Dortmund		07–08	FC Bayern Munich
69–70	Borussia Mönchengladbach		82–83	Hamburger SV		95–96	Borussia Dortmund		08–09	VfL Wolfsburg
70–71	Borussia Mönchengladbach		83–84	VfB Stuttgart		96–97	FC Bayern Munich		09–10	FC Bayern Munich
71–72	FC Bayern Munich		84–85	FC Bayern Munich		97–98	1. FC Kaiserslautern		10–11	Borussia Dortmund
72–73	FC Bayern Munich		85–86	FC Bayern Munich		98–99	FC Bayern Munich		11–12	Borussia Dortmund
73–74	FC Bayern Munich		86–87	FC Bayern Munich		99–00	FC Bayern Munich		12–13	FC Bayern Munich
74–75	Borussia Mönchengladbach		87–88	SV Werder Bremen		00–01	FC Bayern Munich
75–76	Borussia Mönchengladbach		88–89	FC Bayern Munich		01–02	Borussia Dortmund

FC Bayern Munich are the current title holders.

Records

Karl-Heinz Körbel

Top Ten Players With Most Appearances

Player		Period	Club(s)	Games
1	Karl-Heinz Körbel	1972–1991	Eintracht Frankfurt	602
2	Manfred Kaltz	1971–1991	Hamburger SV	581
3	Oliver Kahn	1987–2008	Karlsruher SC, FC Bayern Munich	557
4	Klaus Fichtel	1965–1988	FC Schalke 04, SV Werder Bremen	552
5	Miroslav Votava	1976–1996	Borussia Dortmund, SV Werder Bremen	546
6	Klaus Fischer	1968–1988	TSV 1860 München, FC Schalke 04, 1. FC Köln, VfL Bochum	535
7	Eike Immel	1978–1995	Borussia Dortmund, VfB Stuttgart	534
8	Willi Neuberger	1966–1983	Borussia Dortmund, SV Werder Bremen, Eintracht Frankfurt	520
9	Michael Lameck	1972–1988	VfL Bochum	518
10	Uli Stein	1978–1997	Arminia Bielefeld, Hamburger SV, Eintracht Frankfurt	512

Gerd Müller

Top Ten Goalscorers

Player		Period	Club	Goals
1	Gerd Müller	1965–1979	FC Bayern Munich	365 (Ø 0,85)
2	Klaus Fischer	1968–1988	FC Schalke 04	268 (Ø 0.50)
3	Jupp Heynckes	1965–1978	Borussia Mönchengladbach	220 (Ø 0.60)
4	Manfred Burgsmüller	1969–1990	Borussia Dortmund	213 (Ø 0.48)
5	Ulf Kirsten	1990–2003	Bayer 04 Leverkusen	181 (Ø 0.52)
6	Stefan Kuntz	1983–1999	1. FC Kaiserslautern	179 (Ø 0.40)
7	Dieter Müller	1973–1986	1. FC Köln	177 (Ø 0.58)
8	Klaus Allofs	1975–1993	1. FC Köln	177 (Ø 0.42)
9	Claudio Pizarro	1999–2013	FC Bayern Munich, SV Werder Bremen	166 (Ø 0.47)
10	Hannes Löhr	1964–1977	1. FC Köln	166 (Ø 0.44)

Player and manager records

• Youngest player to play: Nuri Şahin for Borussia Dortmund (16 years and 335 days)
• Youngest player to score: Nuri Şahin for Borussia Dortmund (17 years and 82 days)
• Oldest player: Klaus Fichtel for FC Schalke 04 (43 years old)
• Most own goals scored: 6 by Manfred Kaltz and Nikolče Noveski
• Most red cards received: 8 by Jens Nowotny
• Most goals scored by a player: 365 by Gerd Müller (as of 16 May 2013)
• Most goals scored by a foreign player: 166 by Claudio Pizarro (as of 27 April 2013)
• Most goals scored by a player by penalties: 53 by Manfred Kaltz (plus 7 missed penalties)
• Most goals conceded by a goalkeeper: 829 by Eike Immel (in 534 games)
• Most clean sheets by a goalkeeper: 196 by Oliver Kahn (in 557 games)
• Most championships won as a player: 8 by Mehmet Scholl and Oliver Kahn
• Most championships won as a coach: 8 by Udo Lattek
• Youngest coach to win a championship: Matthias Sammer with Borussia Dortmund (2001–02) (34 years old)
• Oldest coach to win a championship: Jupp Heynckes with Bayern Munich (2012–13) (67 years old, the moment they clinched the title)
• Fastest goal: Ulf Kirsten (Bayer Leverkusen) after 11 seconds (against Kaiserslautern in 2002)
• Longest period of time as coach for one club: Volker Finke by over 16 years for SC Freiburg
• Most consecutive games scoring in: 16 by Gerd Müller for Bayern Munich (22 goals from matchday 6 to 25 of 1969–70)^#
• Most consecutive games scoring in with a new club: 6 by Mohamed Zidan for Mainz 05 (6 goals from matchday 20 to 25 of 2011–12)

Club records

Titles

• Most titles won: 22^* by Bayern Munich (1968–69, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2012–13)
• Most consecutive titles: 3 by Bayern Munich (three times) (1971–72, 1972–73 and 1973–74; 1984–85, 1985–86 and 1986–87; 1998–99, 1999–00 and 2000–01) and Borussia Mönchengladbach (1974–75, 1975–76 and 1976–77)

Points

• Most points in a season: 91 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest points in a season: 10^** by Tasmania Berlin (8:60) (1965–66)
• Most points in a season opening half: 44 by Bayern Munich (2005–06)
• Fewest points in a season opening half: 4^** by Tasmania Berlin (3:31) (1965–66)
• Most points in a season closing half: 49 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest points in a season closing half: 6 by Tasmania Berlin (5:27)^** (1965–66) and FC St. Pauli (1996–97)
• Most points in a season away: 47 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest points in a season away: 0 by 1. FC Nuremberg (1983–84)
• Most points in a season at home: 49 by FC Schalke 04 (33:1)^** (1971–72), Bayern Munich (33:1)^** (1972–73) and VfL Wolfsburg (2008–09)
• Fewest points in a season at home: 4 by Greuther Fürth (2012–13)
• Biggest margin of points between champion and runner-up: 25 between Bayern Munich (91) and Borussia Dortmund (66) (2012–13)

Wins and Losses

• Most wins in a season: 29 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most wins in a season away: 15 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most wins in a season at home: 16 by FC Schalke 04 (1971–72), Bayern Munich (1972–73) and VfL Wolfsburg (2008–09)
• Most wins in a season opening half: 14 by Bayern Munich (2005–06)
• Most wins in a season closing half: 16 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest wins in a season: 2 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66) and Wuppertaler SV (1974–75)
• Fewest wins in a season at home: 0 by Greuther Fürth (2012–13)
• Fewest wins in a season away: 0 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66), Karlsruher SC (1965–66, 1967–68 and 1976–77), Borussia Neunkirchen (1967–68), Borussia Dortmund (1967–68 and 1978–79), Hannover 96 (1969–70 and 1971–72), Alemannia Aachen (1969–70), Arminia Bielefeld (1971–72), Rot-Weiß Oberhausen (1972–73), Hertha BSC Berlin (1972–73 and 1982–83) Wuppertaler SV (1974–75), VfB Stuttgart (1974–75 and 2000–01), VfL Bochum (1975–76), Tennis Borussia Berlin (1976–77), Rot-Weiß Essen (1976–77), Bayern Munich (1977–78), Eintracht Braunschweig (1979–80), Bayer 05 Uerdingen (1980–81), Fortuna Düsseldorf (1981–82), MSV Duisburg (1981–82), 1. FC Nuremberg (1983–84), Kickers Offenbach (1983–84), Eintracht Frankfurt (1986–87 and 1995–96), FC 08 Homburg (1986–87), SV Waldhof Mannheim (1986–87), FC St. Pauli (1988–89 and 2001–02), Dynamo Dresden (1992–93), SG Wattenscheid 09 (1993–94), Borussia Mönchengladbach (1998–99 and 2004–05), 1. FC Köln (2003–04) and SC Freiburg (2003–04)
• Fewest losses in a season: 1 by Bayern Munich (1986–87 and 2012–13)
• Fewest losses in a season away: 0 by Bayern Munich (1986–87 and 2012–13)
• Fewest losses in a season at home (30 games): 0 by Hamburger SV (1963–64) and Werder Bremen (1964–65)
• Fewest losses in a season at home (34 games): 0 by 1860 München (1965–66), Bayern Munich (1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1980–81, 1983–84, 1996–97, 1998–99, 2001–02 and 2007–08), MSV Duisburg (1970–71), FC Schalke 04 (1970–71), Eintracht Frankfurt (1971–72 and 1973–74), 1. FC Köln (1972–73 and 1987–88), Hertha BSC Berlin (1974–75 and 1977–78), Eintracht Braunschweig (1975–76), Hambuger SV (1981–82, 1982–83 and 1995–96), 1. FC Kaiserslautern (1981–82 and 1994–95), Werder Bremen (1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86 and 1992–93), Borussia Mönchengladbach (1983–84), Karlsruher SC (1992–93), Bayer Leverkusen (1999–2000), VfL Wolfsburg (2008–09), Borussia Dortmund (2008–09) and Hannover 96 (2011–12)
• Fewest losses in a season at home (38 games): 0 by 1. FC Kaiserslautern (1991–92) and Borussia Dortmund (1991–92)
• Most losses in a season: 28 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Most losses in a season at home: 13 by Greuther Fürth (2012–13)
• Most losses in a season away: 17 by 1. FC Nuremberg (1983–84)

Goals

• Most goals scored in a season: 101 by Bayern Munich (1971–72)
• Fewest goals scored in a season: 15 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season: 18 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most goals conceded in a season: 108 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Most goals scored in a season away: 43 by Werder Bremen (2006–07)
• Fewest goals scored in a season away: 7 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Most goals scored in a season at home: 69 by Bayern Munich (1971–72)
• Most goals scored in a season opening half: 50 by Hamburger SV (1981–82)^***
• Most goals scored in a season closing half: 54 by Bayern Munich (1971–72 and 2012–13)
• Fewest goals scored in a season at home: 8 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season at home: 5 by Werder Bremen (1992–93)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season away: 7 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season opening half: 7 by VfB Stuttgart (2003–04) and Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season closing half: 11 by Bayern Munich (1986–87, 2002–03 and 2012–13)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season opening half away: 1 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season closing half away: 6 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season opening half at home: 3 by VfL Bochum (2003–04)
• Fewest goals conceded in a season closing half at home: 1 by Werder Bremen (1992–93)
• Most goals conceded in a season away: 70 by Kickers Offenbach (1983–84)
• Most goals conceded in a season at home: 46 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Best goal difference in a season: +80 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Best goal difference in a season at home: +49 by Bayern Munich (1972–73)
• Best goal difference in a season away: +35 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Best goal difference in a season opening half: +37 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Best goal difference in a season closing half: +43 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Worst goal difference in a season: −93 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Worst goal difference in a season away: −55 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66) and Kickers Offenbach (1983–84)
• Worst goal difference in a season at home: −38 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Worst goal difference in a season opening half: −50 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Worst goal difference in a season closing half: −43 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Most games scoring in a season: 34 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Scoring in every game of the season (30 games): 1. FC Köln (1963–64)
• Scoring in every game of the season (34 games): Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most clean sheets in a season: 21 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most clean sheets in a season away: 12 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most wins with a clean sheet in a season: 21 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most wins with at least 2 goals up in a season: 23 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Biggest loss at home: 0–9 by Tasmania Berlin against MSV Duisburg (matchday 27 of 1965–66)
• Biggest win at home: 12–0 by Borussia Mönchengladbach against Borussia Dortmund (matchday 34 of 1977–78)

Runs

• Most consecutive wins: 15 by Bayern Munich (matchday 26 of 2004–05 to matchday 6 of 2005–06)
• Most consecutive wins in a season: 14 by Bayern Munich (matchday 18 to 31 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins from start of the season: 8 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins from start of the season closing half: 14 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins away: 9 by Bayern Munich (matchday 14 to 30 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins at home: 26 by Bayern Munich (matchday 16 of 1971–72 to matchday 32 of 1972–73)
• Most consecutive wins at home in a season: 16 by Bayern Munich (matchday 2 to 32 of 1972–73)
• Most consecutive wins at home from start of the season: 16 by Bayern Munich (1972–73)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten: 36 by Hamburger SV (matchday 20 of 1981–82 to matchday 18 of 1982–83)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten in a season: 28 by Borussia Dortmund (matchday 7 to 34 of 2011–12)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten from start of the season: 24 by Bayer Leverkusen (2009–10)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten from start of the season closing half: 17 by Borussia Dortmund (2011–12) and Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten away: 26 by Bayern Munich (matchday 19 of 1985–86 to matchday 1 of 1987–88)
• Most consecutive games unbeaten at home: 73 by Bayern Munich (matchday 31 of 1969–70 to matchday 4 of 1974–75)
• Most consecutive games without a win: 31 by Tasmania Berlin (matchday 2 to 32 of 1965–66)
• Most consecutive games without a win from start of the season: 14 by 1860 München (1977–78) and MSV Duisburg (1994–95)
• Most consecutive games without a win from start of the season closing half: 14 by Tasmania Berlin (1965–66)
• Most consecutive games without a win away: 34 by Eintracht Frankfurt (matchday 5 of 1985–86 to matchday 3 of 1987–88)
• Most consecutive games without a win at home: 17 by Hertha BSC Berlin (matchday 4 to 34 of 2009–10 and matchday 1 of 2011–12)^**** and Greuther Fürth (matchday 1 to 33 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive games without a win at home in a season: 17 by Greuther Fürth (matchday 1 to 33 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive games without a win at home from start of the season: 17 by Greuther Fürth (2012–13)
• Most consecutive games losing: 11 by 1. FC Nuremberg (matchday 25 to 34 of 1983–84 and matchday 1 of 1985–86)^*****
• Most consecutive games losing in a season: 10 by Tasmania Berlin (matchday 9 to 18 of 1965–66), 1. FC Nuremberg (matchday 25 to 34 of 1983–84) and Arminia Bielefeld (matchday 12 to 21 of 1999–00)
• Most consecutive games losing away: 29 by 1. FC Nuremberg (matchday 11 of 1982–83 to 34 of 1983–84)
• Most consecutive games losing at home: 8 by Tasmania Berlin (matchday 3 to 17 of 1965–66) and FC Hansa Rostock (matchday 2 to 15 of 2004–05)
• Most consecutive games losing at home from start of the (home) season: 8 by FC Hansa Rostock (2004–05)
• Most consecutive games losing from start of the season: 6 by Fortuna Düsseldorf (1991–92)
• Most consecutive games losing from start of the season closing half: 7 by Hannover 96 (2009–10)
• Most consecutive games scoring in: 37 by Bayern Munich (matchday 32 of 2011–12 to matchday 34 of 2012–13) (ongoing)
• Most consecutive games scoring in from start of the season: 34 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive games scoring in a season: 34 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive games without scoring: 10 by 1. FC Köln (matchday 15 to 24 of 2001–02)
• Most consecutive minutes without scoring: 1,034 by 1. FC Köln (from minute 31 of matchday 14 to minute 75 of matchday 25 of 2001–02)
• Most consecutive minutes without conceding away: 658 by Bayern Munich (from minute 46 of matchday 12 to minute 75 of matchday 26 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet: 9 by VfB Stuttgart (matchday 34 of 2002–03 to matchday 8 of 2003–04)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet in a season: 8 by VfB Stuttgart (matchday 1 to 8 of 2003–04)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet from start of the season: 8 by VfB Stuttgart (2003–04)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet at home: 9 by VfL Bochum (matchday 8 to 24 of 2003–04)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet away: 6 by 1. FC Köln (matchday 6 to 16 of 2009–10) and Bayern Munich (matchday 14 to 24 of 2012–13)
• Most consecutive games with a clean sheet away from start of the season: 5 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins with a clean sheet away from start of the season: 5 by Bayern Munich (2012–13)
• Most consecutive wins with a clean sheet away: 6 by Bayern Munich (matchday 14 to 24 of 2012–13)

Miscellaneous

• Most games left when becoming champions: 6 by Bayern Munich (matchday 28 of 2012–13)
• Most matchdays being league leaders in a season: 34 (all of them) in five seasons by Bayern Munich (1968–69, 1972–73, 1984–85, 2007–08 and 2012–13)
• Least matchdays being league leaders in a season for the champion: 1 by Bayern Munich (1985–86)
• Least seasons before becoming champion after being promoted: 1 by 1. FC Kaiserslautern (Promotion: 1996–97; Champion: 1997–98)
• Least seasons before getting relegated for a champion: 1 by 1. FC Nuremberg (Champion of 1967–68; Relegation: 1968–69)
• Most seasons in the Bundesliga: 50 (all seasons) by Hamburger SV
• Most goals scored in a season: 1,097 in 306 matches (1983–84) (3,58 goals per game)
• Least goals scored in a season: 790 in 306 matches (1989–90) (2,58 goals per game)
• Most goals scored on a single matchday: 53 (matchday 32 of 1983–84)
• Least goals scored on a single matchday: 11 (matchday 26 of 1989–90 and matchday 20 of 1998–99)
• Most wins away on a single matchday: 7 (matchday 2 of 2010–11)
• 6 April in 2013 was the earliest date for a team (Bayern Munich) to be crowned champions.
• Highest number of viewers in a game: 88,075 by Hertha BSC Berlin against 1. FC Köln (matchday 6 of 1969–70)
• Lowest number of viewers in a game: 827 by Tasmania Berlin against Borussia Mönchengladbach (matchday 19 of 1965–66)
• Most frequent match: 49 times Werder Bremen vs. Hamburger SV respectively Hamburger SV vs. Werder Bremen
• Most frequent result: 1–1 (1771 times, i.e. in 12% of all matches)
• Highest Transfer fee: €40 million for Javi Martinez (2012 from Athletic Bilbao)

^# Gerd Müller wasn't included in the squad for the 14th matchday; matchdays 18, 19 and 24 had been resceduled and were all played after Müller's streak.

^* Total titles for Bayern are 23, but the first German title in 1932 came in the pre-Bundesliga era.

^** Converted to 3 points

^*** Matchdays 16 & 17 had been postponed and were played in the closing half of the season. 50 is the amount of goals for the first leg against every oppositon.

^**** Hertha got relegated in 2009–10 and were promoted back to Bundesliga just a year later.

^***** Nuremberg got relegated in 1983–84 and were promoted back to Bundesliga just a year later.

See also

• DFL (operator of the league)
• Promotion to the Fußball-Bundesliga
• All-time Fußball-Bundesliga table
• List of Bundesliga top scorers
• List of foreign Bundesliga players
• List of attendance figures at domestic professional sports leagues — the Bundesliga in a worldwide context

External links

• Official website (English)
• DFB — Deutscher Fußball Bund (German Football Association)
• League321.com – German football league tables, records & statistics database.