Furnace, Argyll and Bute
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Furnace (formerly Inverleacainn) is a village in Argyll, on the west coast of Scotland, on the north shore of Loch Fyne, the longest sea loch in the United Kingdom. Furnace is around eight miles southwest of Inveraray on the A83 road road.
It is unusual for a West Highland village in having an industrial past in addition to the usual focus on agriculture and fishing. Industrial activity was led by three main businesses: the iron furnace, the powdermills and the quarry.
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[edit] The iron furnace
This was the first to arrive, built in 1755 by the Duddon Company of Cumbria, drawn by the abundant local woods capable of supplying the charcoal needed in smelting iron. The village, then called Inverleacainn (the mouth of the River Leacainn) gradually took on the shorthand name of ‘the furnace’ and finally, simply ‘Furnace’. The furnace itself shut down in 1813, made redundant by the coal-fired steam engine.
[edit] The Loch Fyne Powderworks
The same charcoal resource that fed the furnace supported the development of the next industry to arrive - the manufacture of ‘the black powder’ – gunpowder – using charcoal, sulphur and saltpetre. The Loch Fyne Powderworks, one of four in Argyll, was built in 1841 and criticised for its safety standards after the 1875 Explosives Act. The company had sited an 80-ton storage magazine 80 metres from the village school. 1883 saw the end of ‘The Powdermills’ when it literally blew itself up with a stove-house explosion. The only casualty was the manager, William Robinson, who was not even on site at the time but at home for lunch 230 metres away and killed by flying rocks. The explosion was the subject of a Government enquiry at the time, with concerns (which were never substantiated) about industrial sabotage by rival firms.
[edit] The quarry
The third industry was the quarry, opening in 1841 during the term of the Powdermills and still in operation today. It supplied cobbles for the streets of Glasgow and was the biggest employer in the area. Over 200 men then cut the grey granite by hand. The quarry, which now produces crushed stone and concrete in volume, is now fully mechanised, and employs 3-4 men.
[edit] Furnace and the Camanachd Cup
In the national sport of shinty, Furnace holds a record that cannot be beaten and may never be equalled. In 1923, the Furnace team won the premier national competition, the Camanachd Cup, beating Newtonmore 2-0 at Inverness – and without having dropped a single goal from the start of the competition to their ultimate victory.
[edit] Notable residents
Former residents of Furnace include the late Duncan Williamson, a celebrated traditional storyteller, author of The Horsieman and a member of Scotland's gypsy travellers, now (October 2008) recognised as a distinct ethnic group. Williamson's first wife was his cousin, Jeannie Townsley with whom he had ten children. There are still members of the Townsley family living in Furnace. An American academic, now Dr Linda Williamson, became his second wife and guided his career as a celebrated and published storyteller. They had two children.
The Tower of London’s first woman Beefeater, Moira Cameron, appointed in 2007, is from Furnace, living above the village at Goatfield.
Gaelic poet Evan McColl was born in 1808 at Kenmore, a township on the northern fringe of Furnace. McColl, who wrote "The Mountain Minstrel" (Gaelic "Clarsach nam Beann), died at the end of the 19th Century. A stone cairn was erected in his memory at Kenmore, on the rocks above the loch and was unveiled in 1930 by the Duke of Argyll.
[edit] Furnace in 2008
Furnace and its population today are very different from what they were in its industrial heyday. From a village with 200 working stone-cutters alone, Furnace in 2008 has a total population of little over 200, many retired or semi-retired. A significant source of work is fish farming, but this employs fewer people than locals had initially hoped.
The village primary school, which had a roll of 40 in the 1930s, now has a grand total of 24 pupils. Of seven local shops only a single one remains, along with the village inn (The Furnace Inn) and a post office. The village has a health centre and a visiting dentist, a full size sports pitch, and a children’s play park.
The Leacainn Walk, a 6-mile circular walk from the village following some of the old drover’s roads, crosses the River Leacainn and passes many well-known local landmarks. The villagers created this as a millennium project.
