Gaillardia
| Gaillardia | |
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| Gaillardia aristata | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
| Tribe: | Helenieae |
| Genus: | Gaillardia Foug.[1] |
| Species | |
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See text. |
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| Synonyms | |
Gaillardia /ɡeɪˈlɑrdiə/,[2] the blanket flowers,[3] is a genus of drought-tolerant annual and perennial plants from the sunflower family (Asteraceae), native to North and South America. It was named after M. Gaillard de Charentonneau, an 18th-century French magistrate who was a patron of botany. The common name refers to the inflorescence's resemblance to brightly patterned blankets made by native Americans.
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Description[edit]
These plants form wiry, branched stems with lanceolate to linear basal leaves. The plant grows to 11⁄2 to 2 ft (46 to 61 cm) tall, with bright, daisy-like single color and bicolor blooms in shades from buff to red to brown. The flowers bloom in the summer. There are more than two dozen known species of Gaillardia.
They will grow under very harsh and dry conditions, forming mounds 8–18 inches (20–46 cm) high, and will even bloom in sand along a seashore.
Ecology[edit]
Gaillardia species are used as food plants by the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species, including Schinia bina (which has been recorded on G. pulchella), Schinia masoni (which feeds exclusively on G. aristata) and Schinia volupia (which feeds exclusively on G. pulchella).
Texas State University School Colors[edit]
Texas State University–San Marcos' school colors are maroon and old gold, inspired from the school flower — the native wildflower gaillardia. The flower is sometimes referred to as an "Indian Blanket" or "Mexican Blanket."
Species[edit]
- Gaillardia aestivalis (Walter) H.Rock – Lanceleaf Blanketflower
- Gaillardia aestivalis var. aestivalis – Lanceleaf Blanketflower
- Gaillardia aestivalis var. flavovirens (C.Mohr) Cronquist – Lanceleaf Blanketflower
- Gaillardia aestivalis var. winkleri (Cory) B.L.Turner – Winkler's Blanketflower
- Gaillardia amblyodon J.Gay – Maroon Blanketflower
- Gaillardia aristata Pursh – Common gaillardia
- Gaillardia arizonica A.Gray – Arizona Blanketflower
- Gaillardia arizonica var. arizonica – Arizona Blanketflower
- Gaillardia arizonica var. pringlei – Pringle's Blanketflower
- Gaillardia coahuilensis B.L.Turner – Bandanna Daisy
- Gaillardia flava – Yellow Blanketflower
- Gaillardia multiceps Greene – Onion Blanketflower
- Gaillardia multiceps var. microcephala – Onion Blanketflower
- Gaillardia multiceps var. multiceps – Onion Blanketflower
- Gaillardia parryi Greene – Parry's Blanketflower
- Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr. – Red Dome Blanketflower
- Gaillardia pinnatifida var. linearis – Red Dome Blanketflower
- Gaillardia pinnatifida var. pinnatifida – Red Dome Blanketflower
- Gaillardia pulchella Foug. – Firewheel
- Gaillardia pulchella var. australis – Firewheel
- Gaillardia pulchella var. picta (Sweet) A.Gray – Firewheel
- Gaillardia pulchella var. pulchella – Firewheel
- Gaillardia spathulata A.Gray – Western Blanketflower
- Gaillardia suavis (A.Gray & Engelm.) Britton & Rusby – Perfumeballs[3][4]
- Gaillardia cabrerae (Lihue Calel, Argentina)
- Gaillardia megapotamica (Spreng.) Baker[4] – Boton De Oro
- Gaillardia megapotamica var. radiata (San Luis, Argentina)
- Gaillardia megapotamica var. scabiosoides
- Gaillardia tontalensis (San Juan Province, Argentina)
Hybrids[edit]
- Gaillardia × grandiflora hort. ex Van Houtte [G. aristata × G. pulchella][4]
Formerly placed here[edit]
- Helenium amarum (Raf.) H.Rock var. amarum (as G. amara Raf.)
- Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursh) Greene var. acaulis (as G. acaulis Pursh)[4]
Gallery[edit]
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Lanceleaf blanketflower (Gaillardia aestivalis)
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Firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella)
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Gaillardia × hybrida "Kobold"
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Gaillardia × grandiflora 'Oranges and Lemons'
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Lanceleaf blanketflower (Gaillardia aestivalis var. flavovirens)
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Common lanceleaf (Gaillardia aristata)
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Perfumeballs (Gaillardia suavis)
References[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Gaillardia |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Gaillardia |
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b "Genus: Gaillardia Foug.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-09-22. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^ a b "Gaillardia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ a b c d "GRIN Species Records of Gaillardia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
General references[edit]
- Susan Fry Biddulph (1944). "A revision of the genus Gaillardia". Res. Stud. State Coll. Wash. 13: 195–256.
