Gard

This article is about French department. For the marine insurance company, see Assuranceforeningen Gard. For Pomeranian settlements, see Grad (Slavic settlement).

Gard
—  Department  —
Coat of arms
Location of Gard in France
Coordinates: 44°7′41″N 4°4′54″E
Country	France
Region	Languedoc-Roussillon
Prefecture	Nîmes
Subprefectures	Alès Le Vigan
Government
• President of the General Council	Damien Alary (PS)
Area
• Total	5,853 km2 (2,260 sq mi)
Population (1999)
• Total	623,125
• Rank	34th
• Density	110/km2 (280/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Department number	30
Arrondissements	3
Cantons	46
Communes	353
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

Gard (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁ]; Occitan: Gard) is a département located in southern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon region.

The department is named after the River Gardon, and the Occitan name of the river has been replacing the French name of the department in recent decades, even among French speakers.

History

The Gard area was settled by the Romans in classical times. It was crossed by the Via Domitia, which was constructed in 118 BC.

Gard is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from the ancient province of Languedoc.

It was originally intended to include the canton of Ganges in the department which would have been geographically logical, but Ganges was transferred to the neighbouring department of Hérault at the outset. In return, Gard received from Hérault the fishing port of Aigues Mortes which gave the department its own outlet to the Gulf of Lion.

During the middle of the nineteenth century the prefecture, traditionally a centre of commerce with a manufacturing sector focused on textiles, was an early beneficiary of railway development, becoming an important railway junction. Several luxurious hotels were built, and the improved market access provided by the railways also encouraged, initially, a rapid growth in wine growing: however, many of the department's viticulturalists were ruined by the arrival in 1872 of phylloxera.

Geography

Gard is part of the region of Languedoc-Roussillon and is surrounded by the departments of Hérault, Lozère, Aveyron, Bouches-du-Rhône, Vaucluse, and Ardèche.

The highest point in the department is the Mont Aigoual.

Serious flooding has occurred in the department in recent years.

Politics

The President of the General Council is Damien Alary of the Socialist Party.

Party		seats
•	Socialist Party	17
	Union for a Popular Movement	9
•	French Communist Party	8
•	Miscellaneous Left	6
	Far-left	2
	Miscellaneous Right	2
	New Centre	1

Tourism & Points of Interest

Gard contains a part of the Cévennes National Park.

There are important Roman architectural remains in Nîmes, as well as the famous Roman aqueduct, the Pont du Gard.

Signpost welcoming travellers into the Gard, at Beaucaire.

Gard is also home to the source of Perrier, a carbonated mineral water sold both in France and internationally on a large scale. The spring and facility are located just south-east of the commune of Vergèze.

See also

• Cantons of the Gard department
• Communes of the Gard department
• Arrondissements of the Gard department

External links

• (French) Prefecture website
• (French) General Council website
• (French) Welcome to the Gard
• (English) Welcome to the Gard
• (English and French) The Regordane Way or St Gilles Trail
• Map of the department
• (French) Guide Gard
• http://congenies.canalblog.com  ; historory of quakers and Methodists since the end of 18 century in this village .