Gary Barnacle

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Gary Barnacle
Born 1959 (age 52–53)
Dover, Kent, England
Origin London, England
Genres Pop, Rock, Electropop, Jazz.
Occupations Saxophonist, multi-instrumentalist, arranger, producer, composer
Instruments Saxophone, brass instrument, flute, keyboards
Years active 1977–present
Associated acts The Ruts, The Clash, M (band), Kim Wilde, Elvis Costello, Level 42, Soft Cell, Visage, Marc Almond, T'Pau, Tina Turner, Bjork, The Beautiful South, Soul II Soul, Jamiroquai.
Notable instruments
Selmer Saxophones.Rico Reeds.Lawton Mouthpieces.

Gary Barnacle (born 1959,[1] Dover, England) is a saxophonist/flautist, brass instrument arranger, composer and producer, primarily noted for session work, live work (incl. various Princes Trust Concerts at Wembley Arena, The Albert Hall and the NEC Birmingham, plus the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute at Wembley Stadium,1988) and television/video appearances, during the 1980s and 1990s, with a large number of popular music acts, including : - The Clash, The Damned, Public Image Ltd, The Ruts/Ruts D.C. (studio and live), The Beat (band) (live only), Stray Cats (studio and live), Pearl Harbour and the Explosions (studio and live), Spear of Destiny (live only), Positive Noise (studio and live), Shed Seven (studio and live TV), Simple Minds, China Crisis, The Teardrop Explodes, Hothouse Flowers, Lloyd Cole and the Commotions, The Boomtown Rats, M (band) (studio and TV), Madness, Dexy's Midnight Runners, The Beautiful South, Level 42 (studio,live,live TV, video and TV), Mark King, Nik Kershaw, Bros (studio and video), Go West (live and TV), Waterfront (band) (studio,TV and video), King (band) (studio and live), Paul King (musician, VJ) (live and TV), Five Star, The Pasadenas, 10 cc, Visage (studio and TV), Ultravox, Boy George, Marilyn (studio and TV), Holly Johnson, Pet Shop Boys, Nick Kamen (TV only), Jimmy Ray, Paul Hardcastle, Samantha Fox, Kim Wilde (studio,live,video and TV), Tiffany (singer) (TV only), Wilson Phillips (TV only), Sinitta, Yazz (studio,TV and video), Rick Astley, Spandau Ballet (studio and TV), Andy Taylor (guitarist) (of Duran Duran), Kylie Minogue, Dannii Minogue, Bucks Fizz, Amazulu, The Communards, Erasure, Wet Wet Wet (live and TV only), Cutting Crew, Modern English (band), Keep It Dark (studio, live and TV), This Way Up, Halo James (video only), The Style Council (studio and TV), Tears For Fears (TV only), Swing Out Sister, Tina Turner (studio,live,TV,video and live TV), T'Pau (studio and video), Toyah, Tom Jones, Engelbert Humperdinck, Barry Ryan, Cilla Black, Dusty Springfield, Sandie Shaw, Cliff Richard, Michael Ball (singer) (video only), Ben Mills (live only), Jane McDonald (TV only), Eartha Kitt, Chris de Burgh, Gilbert O'Sullivan, Les McKeown (studio,live and TV)), Elkie Brooks, Beverley Craven (live only), Michelle Collins, Suzi Quatro (live only), Jim Diamond (studio,video and TV), Status Quo (studio,video and TV), The Beach Boys (studio,video and TV),Eric Clapton (live and TV), George Harrison (live and TV), Ringo Starr (live and TV), Jeff Lynne (live and TV), Brian May (live and TV), Roger Taylor (Queen)/The Cross, Allan Holdsworth, Daryl Stuermer, Chester Thompson (live only), The Phenix Horns, Alphonso Johnson (live only), General Public, Soft Cell (studio,live and TV), Elvis Costello (studio and live), Graham Parker (live and TV), Del Amitri, Prefab Sprout, The Creatures (studio and TV), Siouxsie And The Banshees, Roger Daltrey (studio and TV), Phil Collins (studio and live), Mike Rutherford, Tony Banks (musician), Genesis (band) (TV only), David Bowie, Nico, Marc Almond (studio and live), Jim Foetus (live and TV), Mick Karn, David Sylvian, Rain Tree Crow, James J.T. Taylor, The Big Dish, Jamiroquai (studio,live and TV), James Brown, Soul II Soul, Massive Attack, Eric B. and Rakim, Guru (Jazzmatazz), Donald Byrd (live only), Roy Ayres (live only), Ronny Jordan, Derek B, Chante Moore, The Chimes, Lighthouse Family, Eternal, Ruby Turner, Jaki Graham, Nona Hendryx, Chaka Khan (TV only), Maxi Priest, Des'ree, Edwin Starr (studio and live TV), Sam Moore (of Sam and Dave) (studio and live), Wilson Pickett (live only), Robert Cray (live and video), Jimmy Ruffin (live only), The Temptations (live and TV), Johnny Moore (musician) (of The Drifters), Joe Cocker (live and TV), Lenny Kravitz (live and TV), Huey Lewis (live and TV), KD Lang (live and TV), Michelle Shocked (live and TV), Ricky Martin (live and TV), Marc Anthony (live and TV), Gloria Estefan (TV only), Julio Iglesias (TV only), Al Jarreau (TV only), Michael Bolton (TV only), Joe Roberts (TV only), Lindy Layton (studio and TV), Tim Finn. Midnight Oil. John Farnham (live and TV), The Box Tops (live only), Patrick Juvet, Spagna (TV only), Supermax, Klaus Hoffmann, Marius Müller Westernhagen, Kristine W, Vittorio Grigolo (live only), Loredana Bertè, Julien Clerc, Valerie Lagrange, Renaud, Rose Laurens, Isabel Pantoja, Rachid Bahri, José Luis Perales, Francisco Xavier, Ramoncin (studio and live), Presuntos Implicados, Tam Tam Go !, Rui Veloso, Edoardo Bennato, Luciana Caporaso, Arrow, Yosui Inoue, Motoharu Sano, Hajime Mizoguchi, Masahiro Motoki, Chara (singer), Beverley Knight (live and TV only), Dina Carroll (live and TV only), Paul Young (live and TV only), Paul Carrack (live and TV only), Rod Argent (live only), Deaf School (studio and live), S'Express, Stock, Aitken and Waterman, The Sugarcubes, Björk (studio and live TV) and..................Paul McCartney (studio,live and TV). He was also in an electropop duo called Leisure Process from 1982–83, with ex-Positive Noise singer, Ross Middleton.

During this period, Barnacle's services have been regularly called upon by the following top producers, engineers and arrangers :- Clive Langer and Alan Winstanley, Stock, Aitken and Waterman, Mike Hedges, John Hudson, Hugh Padgham, Stephen Hague, Youth, Dan Hartman, Tony Joe White, Simon Law, Lee Hamblin, Ross Anderson, Jazzie B, Nick Launay, Peter Lorimer, Steve Anderson (Brothers In Rhythm), Peter Collins (record producer), Paul O'Duffy, Tom Dowd, George Martin, David Richards, Mike Vernon, Martin Rushent, Bill Price, Gus Dudgeon, Roy Thomas Baker, Carlo Vila, Billy Livsey, Colin Thurston, Jon Kelly, Steve Hillage, Mike Howlett, William Orbit, Phil Thornalley, Colin Campsie, George McFarlane, Gary Bell, Howard Gray, Ian Prince, Leon Ware, Lenny White, Lemmy Jackson, Martin Meissonnier, Martin Moll, Gary Langan, Ken Scott, Alex Sadkin, Michael Kamen, Gil Evans, David Bedford, David Lindup, Phil Pope, James Simpson, Steve Brown (composer), Fiachra Trench, Anne Dudley, Stephen Stewart-Short/Steve Short, Bert Bevans, Hein Hoven, Rusty Egan, Midge Ure, Glen Skinner, Neil Brockbank, Paul Riley, Ian Penman, Adam Sieff, Del Taylor, Neal X, Louie Louie/Louis Louis/Louie Vega, Dee Harris/Dave Harris, Bernard Butler, Mike Gregovich, Julian Mendelsohn, Mike Ging, Ricki Wilde and Marty Wilde, Charlie Gillett, Ron François, Scobie Ryder, Gil Norton, Ryoji Oba, Graham Gouldman, Rafe McKenna, Terry Brown (record producer), John Eden, Bob Sargeant, Bobby Eli, John Ryan, Steve Chase, Stuart Bruce (engineer), Wally Brill, Trevor Vallis, Nick Patrick, Chris Sheldon, Walter Turbitt, Gary Stevenson, Steve Osborne, Paul Oakenfold, Pascal Gabriel, Ian Levine, Simon Harris, Pete Oxendale, Ric Lee, Pete Gage (guitarist), Roger Bechirian, Alan Shacklock, Paul Hardiman, John Brand, Pete Schwier, Flood (producer), Adam Fuest, Alan Moulder, Curtis Schwartz, Simon Hanhart, Mike Neilsen, Al Stone, Nick Tauber, Max Norman, Carey Taylor and Mick Glossop, among others.

Contents

[edit] Biography and career

[edit] (1977–1980) The early years

Gary Barnacle was born in Dover, England in 1959.[2] He started playing in bands in and around the Dover area, with his father Bill Barnacle, his brothers Steve Barnacle and Pete Barnacle and their friend (Nick) Topper Headon. Then he moved, with his two brothers, to London in 1976 and began a career as a session musician. Barnacle performed the saxophone part in many songs and albums by The Clash. Early examples are "1-2 Crush On You", the B-side of "Tommy Gun" released as a single on 24 November 1978, and their version of Booker T. & the M.G.'s' classic "Time Is Tight", released on the 1980 extended play Black Market Clash. Both songs can also be heard on the 1993 compilation album, Super Black Market Clash.[3] He also played on their later albums Sandinista! released on 12 December 1980 as a triple album, the single This Is Radio Clash released on 20 November 1981 and Combat Rock released on 14 May 1982 through Epic Records. He was introduced to The Clash through their drummer, and school friend of Barnacle's, Topper Headon, and reportedly became involved in The Clash's infamous 1978 "pigeon shooting" incident.[4]

Barnacle formed a horn section in 1978 with trumpeter Luke Tunney and in 1979 they added Annie Whitehead on trombone. These three played on many sessions together for the next 4 years or so (until Pete Thoms came in on trombone in 1984). Barnacle collaborated with The Ruts on their first two albums, both on Virgin label, The Crack, released in September 1979, and Grin & Bear It, released on October 1980. After the death of their frontman, Malcolm Owen, found dead from a heroin overdose on 14 July 1980 at the age of 26,[5] the band continued as Ruts D.C. (where "D.C." standing for the Latin term "Da Capo", meaning "back to the beginning") in a different musical vein.[6] Barnacle became a stable member of the band and they released two other albums, Animal Now in May 1981 on Virgin, and Rhythm Collision released in July 1982 on Bohemian Records. Ruts D.C. split in 1983.[7][8][9] During 1979–1980 he also contributed to M's debut album, New York • London • Paris • Munich, released in 1979, and to Sanity Stomp, released by Kevin Coyne in 1980.[10]

[edit] (1981–1989) The 80s

In 1981, contributed to the debut albums by Positive Noise, Heart of Darkness, and by Stray Cats, and also performed saxophone on Rick Wakeman's 1984, a solo concept album based on the classic novel Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell.[10] But, one of Barnacle's longest associations has been with Level 42, with whom he has played on several albums, including the band's 1981 debut, the 1984 True Colours, the 1985 World Machine, and the 1987 Running in the Family. From 1990 to 1994 Barnacle toured with Level 42 and recorded two albums of the band, Guaranteed and Forever Now.[10] The horn section he formed with British trumpet and fluegelhorn player, John Thirkell, for Level 42 is known as The Hen Pecked Horns.[11] Since then, Barnacle and Thirkell provided the horn section to many recordings, and, along with trombonist Peter Thoms, they formed The Phantom Horns, one of the UK's most respected horn sections that appears on a number of recordings from 1987 on.[12] They also recorded a widely acclaimed brass-sample CD Phantom Horns, which was re-issued by Zero-G as a double CD-rom in 2011. Equally impressive, and more comprehensive, was Brit Horns brass-sample CD featuring Gary Barnacle, Peter Thoms and Stuart Brooks, which was re-issued as a double audio/WAV CD by AMG in 2010. Both of these sample cds have, and continue to be, widely used on commercial recordings worldwide.

In 1982, he and ex-Positive Noise singer, Ross Middleton, formed an electropop duo called Leisure Process. The Band released four singles on Epic label, two in 1982, "Love Cascade" and "A Way You'll Never Be", which featured Mark King and Phil Gould of Level 42, and two in 1983, "Cashflow" and "Anxiety". All four singles were produced by Martin Rushent.[10] In 1982, Barnacle also collaborated on Julien Clerc's Femmes, Indiscrétion, Blasphème, Mike Rutherford's Acting Very Strange, Marius Müller-Westernhagen's Das Herz eines Boxers, and with Visage on their second album. Two years later, in 1984, when Billy Currie and Dave Formula departed the band, Gary and Steve Barnacle, and Andy Barnett replaced them for what would become Visage's third and final album to date. Beat Boy, released in September 1984, produced two singles, "Love Glove" and "Beat Boy". A decision to make Visage a live band instead of a strictly studio-based project failed and the band subsequently split in 1985.[10]

In 1983, he contributed to Catch as Catch Can by pop singer, Kim Wilde (whom he dated in the mid 80s),[13] and also to In Strict Tempo by Dave Ball, Private Dancer by Tina Turner. Barnacle later toured in Europe with "The Queen of Rock 'n' Roll" and participated in the recording sessions of her 1989 album Foreign Affair. He also appears in the 1983 edition of Drama of Exile by Nico, where he also played the drums, Dalek I Love You by Dalek I Love You, Jerky Versions of the Dream the only solo album recorded by Howard Devoto, Secret by Classix Nouveaux, Vocabulary by The Europeans, C'est C Bon, the last pop album by Carlene Carter, Working with Fire and Steel by China Crisis, a collaboration that was repeated later in 1986 with the release of What Price Paradise. The year ended with the publication of the soundtrack for Educating Rita, a multi-award winning and nominated film based on Willy Russell's play of the same title, directed by Lewis Gilbert, and with music composed by David Hentschel.[10]

1984 saw Barnacle contribute to the recording sessions of This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get by Public Image Ltd, In the Long Grass, the last studio album by The Boomtown Rats, All the Rage, the debut album by General Public,[8] This Last Night in Sodom by Soft Cell followed by Vermin in Ermine, a solo project by Marc Almond and The Willing Sinners.[14] He also performed on Olympia by Hongkong Syndikat, Bite Black and Blues by Raoul and The Ruined, In on the off Beat by Hey! Elastica, and Influences, a solo album by Mark King of Level 42. But, another Barnacle's long time association started that same year with Elvis Costello for whom he provided saxophone for Goodbye Cruel World,[15][16] and then, for Imperial Bedroom, released in 1987. He also appears on many of Costello's compilation albums.[10]

In 1985, Barnacle participated to the release of No Jacket Required, a solo album by Phil Collins, as well as to the releases of Phantasmagoria by The Damned, Easy Pieces by Lloyd Cole and the Commotions, Some People by Belouis Some, The Dream Academy's eponymous debut album, Knights Like This by Peter Blegvad, and Mad Not Mad by Madness.[10] The following year he appeared on Writing on the Wall by Bucks Fizz, Stop Start by Modern English, Dancing in my Sleep by Dave Adams, U-Vox, the last album of the Midge Ure years, by Ultravox, Cutting Crew's debut album, the UK number one album Silk and Steel by Five Star, Sooner or Later by Murray Head, the debut album by Erasure, Into the Light by Chris de Burgh, Big Canoe a solo album released by former Split Enz frontman Tim Finn, Press to Play by Paul McCartney,[17] and 1st Down & Ten by Keep It Dark.[10]. Also in 1986, he appeared on Absolute Beginners (film) :The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, playing on tracks by David Bowie - the single Absolute Beginners (song), Style Council, Ray Davies, Working Week (band) and Gil Evans, among others. During this period John Thirkell joined forces with Pete Thoms and Barnacle to form the Phantom Horns.

1987 was another prolific year for Barnacle, who was featured on the hit singles China In Your Hand by T'Pau, Roadblock by Stock, Aitken and Waterman and Breakout by Swing Out Sister. He also contributed to the releases of Red by The Communards, the debut solo album by former Soft Boys frontman Robyn Hitchcock, Banzai Baby by Sandii & the Sunsetz, Rick Astley's debut album. This last was a collaboration that was repeated with the release of Astley's second album, Hold Me in Your Arms, released in 1989. Also in 1987, he performed on Feelin' Good About It by This Way Up, Can't Wait to See the Movie seventh solo album released by Roger Daltrey of The Who,[18] Stand Up by Jo Lemaire, Never Never Land by Simon F, If by Hollywood Beyond, and on Swing Out Sister's debut album as well as on their third studio album, Get in Touch with Yourself, released in 1992.[10]

In 1988, Barnacle worked on Bullet From A Gun by Derek B, Human Animal by Karel Fialka, Creeping Up on Jesus by The Big Dish,[8][19] No Winners with saw Barnacle working for the first time with Paul Hardcastle and then repeated on Hardcastle's Sound Syndicate, released in 1990, and The Jazzmasters releqased in 1992.[20] 1988 also saw Barnacle participating to the release of the debut album by celtic rock group Hothouse Flowers, Yazz's debut album, The Jeremy Days by The Jeremy Days, then followed by the 1990 Circushead, Monster Jam by Ambassadors of Funk, Union, the debut album of the American singer and songwriter Toni Childs, Rage by T'Pau, Working Girl OST, Steppin' Out by Daryl Stuermer, No Outsiders by Judy Cheeks, and 24hrs by Scarlet Fantastic.[10]

1989 saw Barnacle engaged in the releases of Moss Side Story, a concept album by Barry Adamson, Boomerang by The Creatures, a British duo formed by singer Siouxsie and drummer Budgie, Here Today, Tomorrow Next Week! by Björk's band The Sugarcubes. After the band split in 1992, Barnacle contributed to Björk's first two solo albums, Debut, released in 1993 and Post, released in 1995. In 1989 he also participated to the releases of Bass! by Simon Harris, The Beautiful South's debut album as well as their second album, Choke, released in 1990, Hard Reyne by Australian singer and songwriter James Reyne, Bankstatement, a solo project by Genesis keyboardist Tony Banks, Waterfront by Waterfront, and I'm Still Here by Eartha Kitt.[10]

[edit] (1990–1999) The 90s

In 1990, Barnacle appeared as a session musician on Naked by Blue Pearl, Trading Secrets with the Moon by The Adventures, the debut album by English boy band Big Fun, Dangerous by Andy Taylor, First Time Ever by Joanna Law, Melting Down on Motor Angel by Sunsonic, Running from the Guns by Die Laughing, Stand Strong by Junior Giscombe, Jordan: The Comeback by Prefab Sprout,[12] and December by Dag Kolsrud, which was followed by December II, released in 1991. Also in 1990, he appeared on Always The Last To Know by Del Amitri. In 1991, he also worked on Meanwhile by German synthpop group Camouflage, Changing Faces final studio album from Bros, Black Meaning Good by Rebel MC, Marchand de cailloux from French artis Renaud, Let's Get to It, the fourth album by Australian pop singer Kylie Minogue,[10] The Apple by A Man Called Adam,[12] and the eponymous album by Rain Tree Crow, which was the name used by the English New Wave band Japan (excluding Rob Dean) when they briefly reformed for this one-off project.[12]

1992 saw his collaboration with Soul II Soul for their third studio album, Volume III: Just Right, an experience that was repeated later in 1995 for Volume V: Believe. Also in 1992, he worked on Mind Adventures by Des'ree, Boing!! by Jefferson Airhead, Praise by Praise, and Grass Roots by Takagi Kan.[10] The following year Barnacle participated in the realization of Jamiroquai's debut album, and also worked on Guru's Jazzmatazz, Vol. 1 by Guru, To Hell with Humdrum by Kingmaker, and One and All by Supermax.[10]In 1993, he played on James Brown's Universal James album (produced by Jazzie B).

In 1994, he played on Jamiroquai's The Return Of The Space Cowboy album. He released his first solo album, Love Will Find a Way, and contributed to El pan y la sal by Spanish pop band Presuntos Implicados.[10] The following year, worked on Hold On by Jaki Graham, The Tooth Mother by Mick Karn, Love and Respect by Marla Glen,[10] and on Billie Ray Martin's debut album, Deadline for My Memories.[12] In 1995, he played on 10 cc's Mirror Mirror album. In 1996, he took part in Jamiroquai's biggest-selling album to date:- Travelling Without Moving (11.5 million copies worldwide). From 1996 onwards, his appearances became more sporadic. Nevertheless, he participated in the realization of Status Quo's Don't Stop, an album of cover versions that includes guest appearances from The Beach Boys, Brian May of Queen, and Maddy Prior of Steeleye Span, and the Sputnik: The Next Generation's eponymous album featuring Tomoyasu Hotei, both released in 1996. Games by Happy Clappers, and Feedback by Vargas Blues Band, were released in 1997.[10] In 1997, he played on and arranged brass for the No.1 single I Wanna Be The Only One by Eternal. In that same year he played on the big US hit Are You Jimmy Ray ? by Jimmy Ray and his subsequent eponymous album released in 1998. In 1999, he appeared as a session musician on When The Good Times Come by Hard Rain.

[edit] (2000–present) Recent projects

He returned to the music industry in 2001 when he and Hugh Hopper, Jakko Jakszyk, Dave Stewart, and Clive Brooks recorded a new version of "As Long as He Lies Perfectly Still" by Soft Machine for the compilation Man In a Deaf Corner: Anthology 1963–1970.[21] In 2002, Barnacle released his second solo album, Paradise.[10]. In 2004, he played sax/flute on Between The Sun And The Moon by Brenda Russell. During this period he co-wrote and recorded an instrumental project with Mark King, also involving Bill Sharpe (Shakatak), and still awaiting release.

Other acts for whom Barnacle has contributed live or in session have included Pet Shop Boys, David Bowie,[22] and ABC.[10] He worked frequently with Stock Aitken Waterman as a session musician in their PWL studios. Barnacle is frequently credited as an arranger of woodwinds, brass and string instrument on his session work.[10] Barnacle also plays flute, keyborads and drums. In a career spanning more than three decades, Gary Barnacle has backed the stars of pop and rock and has seen the birth of new groups and musicians, experimenting with versatility across a variety of different musical genres and their associated styles.
In 2008/2009 he produced and arranged indie pop band Propeller and produced Ray Guntrip's Out Of The Blue jazz project and he appeared as session musician and brass arranger on The Collection by Jools Holland, and as session musician on A Long Way Back by Roger Cotton. Plus he has recently been in the studio with Matt Johnson (Jamiroquai) and singer J C Bentley.
In 2010 he was featured on Carried By The Storm by Bronz and on some live tracks on the Living It Up CD by Level 42.
2011 sees him appearing on La Musica by Ray Foxx (feat. Lovelle), This Is Love by Yazz, plus new releases by Ray Guntrip and Tina May (to be released in 2012), the new cd from The Vlad Miller Quartet (to be released in 2012) and his own '5(+) Octave' sax project (in conjunction with Rico Reeds).

[edit] Discography

[edit] Studio albums

Year Album
1994 Love Will Find a Way
2002 Paradise[24]
With Ruts D.C.
With Visage
As writer, arranger, and/or performer

[edit] Live albums==

  • 1987 The Prince's Trust Concert 1987 by various artists (album)
  • 1988 Tina Live in Europe by Tina Turner (album)
  • 1988 Second Coming: Liverpool '88 by Deaf School (album)
  • 1999 Prince's Trust Rock Gala: Volume 3 by various artists (album)

[edit] Compilations, remixes and box sets

[edit] Singles and extended plays

With Leisure Process
  • "A Way You'll Never Be" (1982; 7" and 12" single; Epic)
  • "Love Cascade" (1982; 12" single; Epic)
  • "Cashflow"/"Cashflow (Million Dollar Mix)" (1983; 7" and 12" single; Epic)
  • "Anxiety"/"Anxiety (Neurotica Mix)" (1983; 7" and 12" single; CBS, Epic)
With Visage
As writer, arranger, and/or performer

[edit] Video albums

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ International Who's Who In Popular Music. Europa Pub. Ltd 2003
  2. ^ Salewicz 2007, p. 203.
  3. ^ Knowles 2003, pp. 24, 32, 42, 77.
  4. ^ Simmonds 2008, p. 137.
  5. ^ Greene-Allmusic.
  6. ^ Buckley 2003, p. VII.
  7. ^ a b c Robbins 1991, pp. 57,275,568.
  8. ^ Gibbs 1996, p. 247.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Credits.
  10. ^ Forevernow.com.
  11. ^ a b c d e Phantom Horns.
  12. ^ Kim Wilde.
  13. ^ Reed 1999, p. 37.
  14. ^ Perone 1998, pp. 19,30.
  15. ^ Thomson 2004, p. 164.
  16. ^ Badman 2009, p. 404.
  17. ^ Bogovich-Posner 2003, p. 18.
  18. ^ Robbins-TrouserPress.
  19. ^ Schwann Spectrum 1995, p. 249.
  20. ^ Bennett 2005, p. 377.
  21. ^ Pegg 2006, p. 381.
  22. ^ Love Will Find a Way (1994).
  23. ^ Paradise (2002).

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[edit] Further reading

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