Gelendzhik
| Gelendzhik (English) Геленджик (Russian) |
|
|---|---|
| - Town[citation needed] - | |
 Panorama |
|
.svg) Location of Krasnodar Krai in Russia |
|
 Gelendzhik
|
|
| Coordinates: 44°33′N 38°05′E / 44.55°N 38.083°ECoordinates: 44°33′N 38°05′E / 44.55°N 38.083°E | |
.png) |
.png){kind=small} |
|
|
|
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Krasnodar Krai |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Gelendzhik Urban Okrug[citation needed] |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Viktor Khrestin[citation needed] |
| Representative body | City Duma[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
54,813 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 304th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 50,012 inhabitants[2] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 329th |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[3] |
| Founded | 1831[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 353460–353497[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 86141[citation needed] |
| Official website | |
Gelendzhik (Russian: Геленджи́к) is a resort town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated on the Gelendzhik Bay of the Black Sea, between Novorossiysk (31 kilometers (19 mi) to the northwest) and Tuapse (93 kilometers (58 mi) to the southeast). Greater Gelendzhik sprawls for 102 kilometers (63 mi) along the coastline and covers an area of 122,754 ha (of which only 1,926 ha fall within the boundaries of Gelendzhik proper). Population: 54,813 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 50,012 (2002 Census);[2] 47,711 (1989 Census).[4]
In antiquity, the Gelendzhik Bay was the site of a minor Greek outpost, mentioned as Torikos in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax. It is unknown to Hellenistic sources, but reappears in Roman ones under the name of Pagrae in 64 BC.[5] The colony was wiped out by the invading Huns, which were succeeded by the Zygii soon after. During the Middle Ages, the bay was of some mercantile importance to the Genoese traders who referred to the seaside village as Maurolaca.
Before Russia secured the coast by the Treaty of Adrianople (1829), a brisk slave trade had been carried on between the mountaineers and the Ottoman Empire. Since the Circassian beauties were usually traded for gold and other commodities before being taken to Turkish seraglios, the market place became known as "Gelendzhik" (from "gelincik"), literally, "little meadow" in Adyghe Language. In 1831, one of the first forts of the Black Sea Coastal Line was set up at Gelendzhik. At the outbreak of the Crimean War the fort had to be blown up and abandoned, but it was resettled by the Cossacks in 1864, at the conclusion of the Russian-Circassian War, and became known as Stanitsa Gelendzhiksaya. The town of Gelendzhik was incorporated in 1915.
During the Soviet period, Gelendzhik was developed as a spa. It possesses sand beaches, three waterparks, two aerial tramway lines, and two Orthodox churches (from 1909 and 1913, respectively). The environs of Gelendzhik are noted for a chain of waterfalls, an outcrop of dolmens, two extremely ancient pine and juniper groves, and the Sail Rock, located 17 km (11 mi) from the downtown core. The coastal village of Arkhipo-Osipovka, administrated from Gelendzhik, contains the terminus of the Blue Stream gas pipeline. An annual hydroaviasalon is held in Gelendzhik since 1996.
[edit] International relations
[edit] Twin towns/sister cities
Gelendzhik is a twin town of:
[edit] References
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ A tiny Greek settlement excavated in Gelendzhik has been identified by some researchers with Torikos. Pagrae was described as an eastern limit of the Bosporan Kingdom. The record of these settlements is so fragmentary that it's impossible to make sound conclusions. See: Онайко Н.А., Архаический Торик. Античный город на северо-востоке Понта. Moscow, 1980.
- ^ "Town twinning". www.blythvalley.gov.uk. http://www.blythvalley.gov.uk/Default.aspx?page=7330. Retrieved 2007-06-04.
|
|||||||||||||||||
