George Busk

George Busk RN FRS
Sketch of George Busk by Thomas Herbert Maguire, published 1849
Born	(1807-08-12)12 August 1807 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died	10 August 1886(1886-08-10) (aged 78) London, United Kingdom
Resting place	Kensal Green Cemetery, London 51.5286°N 0.2241°W / 51.5286; -0.2241
Nationality	British
Occupation	Surgeon
Title	MRCS Lond. (c.1830) FRCS (1843) FLS (1846) FRS (1850)
Spouse(s)	Ellen Busk (1843–1886)
Children	Two daughters
Awards	Royal Medal (1871) Lyell Medal (1878) Wollaston Medal (1885)
Signature

George Busk RN FRS (12 August 1807 – 10 August 1886) was a British Naval surgeon, zoologist and palaeontologist.

Biography

Busk was born in St Petersburg, the son of the merchant Robert Busk and grandson of Sir Wadsworth Busk. On August 12, 1843, he married Ellen Busk, his first cousin.

He studied surgery in London, at both St Thomas' and St Bartholomew's hospitals, and was appointed assistant-surgeon to the Greenwich Hospital in 1832. He served as naval surgeon first in the HMS Grampus.

Later Busk served for many years in HMS Dreadnought, which had fought at Trafalgar. In Busk's time it was used by the Seamen's Hospital Society as a hospital ship for ex-members of the Merchant Navy or fishing fleet and their dependants.^{[citation needed]} During this period Busk made important observations on cholera and on scurvy.

Funerary monument, Kensal Green Cemetery, London

In 1855, he retired from service and settled in London, where he devoted himself mainly to the study of zoology and palaeontology. As early as 1842, he assisted in editing the Microscopical Journal; and later he edited the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science (1853–68) and the Natural History Review (1861–65). He was a member of the famous X-Club founded by Huxley, which was active in revitalising science in the period 1865–1885. Busk and his wife Ellen were close friends of Huxley. Busk nominated Charles Darwin for membership in the Royal Society in 1864.^{[citation needed]}

From 1856–59, he was Hunterian Professor of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology in the Royal College of Surgeons, and he became President of the college in 1871. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1850. Busk was an active member of the Linnean Society, the Geological Society and president of the Ethnological Society and then the Anthropological Institute (1873–74). He received the Royal Society's Royal Medal and the Geological Society's Wollaston and Lyell medals.

He was the leading authority on the Polyzoa; and later the vertebrate remains from caverns and river-deposits occupied his attention. In 1862, Busk was again in Gibraltar, and was the responsible of bringing to England the so-called Gibraltar skull (the first known adult Neanderthal skull, and only the second Neanderthal fossil ever to be found, excavated at Gibraltar in 1848). The identification of the skull as belonging to a Neanderthal was not made until the 20th century.

He was a patient and cautious investigator, full of knowledge, and unaffectedly simple in character. He died in London on the 10 August 1886, and is buried at Kensal Green Cemetery, London.

External links

• George Busk at Find a Grave

References

• Aspland, Robert (1843). The Christian Reformer; or Unitarian Magazine and Review. p. 602. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
• Keith, Arthur (1994). The Antiquity of Man. Anmol Publications. pp. 180–1. ISBN 978-81-7041-977-8. 
•  Woodward, Bernard B. (1901). "Busk, George". In Sidney Lee. Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement​ 1. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 357–358. 

Attribution

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Busk, George". Encyclopædia Britannica 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 874. 

Awards
Preceded by James Hector	Lyell Medal 1878	Succeeded by Edmond Hebert
Preceded by Albert Jean Gaudry	Wollaston Medal 1885	Succeeded by Alfred Des Cloizeaux