Gliese 667 Cc
| Extrasolar planet | List of extrasolar planets | |
|---|---|---|
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| Parent star | ||
| Star | Gliese 667C | |
| Constellation | Scorpius | |
| Right ascension | (α) | 17h 18m 57.16483s |
| Declination | (δ) | −34° 59′ 23.1516″ |
| Apparent magnitude | (mV) | 10.20 |
| Distance | 22 ± 1 ly (6.8 ± 0.4 pc) |
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| Spectral type | M1.5V | |
| Mass | (m) | 4.8 M☉ |
| Radius | (r) | 1.9 R☉ |
| Temperature | (T) | 3700 K |
| Metallicity | [Fe/H] | -0.59 ± 0.10 |
| Age | 10.5 Gyr | |
| Orbital elements Epoch JD 2000 |
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| Semimajor axis | (a) | 0.123 AU |
| Eccentricity | (e) | 0.083 |
| Orbital period | (P) | 28.138 d (42.15 y) |
| Physical characteristics | ||
| Minimum mass | (m sin i) | 4.54 M⊕ |
| Discovery information | ||
| Discovery date | November 21, 2011 February 2, 2012 |
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| Discoverer(s) | HARPS/Steven S. Vogt et al | |
| Detection method | radial velocity | |
| Discovery site |  |
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| Discovery status | Published | |
| Other designations | ||
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Bathala, Jesus Christ, Graduales, Gliese 667Cc, GJ 667 Cc
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Gliese 667 Cc /ˈɡliːzə/ or Graduales /ɡrædjˈɔːlˈɛs/ is the second exoplanet from the red dwarf star Gliese 667C. It is also the largest of the Gliese 667C star system’s two terrestrial planets. It bears the unofficial names "Holy Grail of Exoplanets" and "the Revelation planet" due to its distance from the host star. The planet inhabitant are the F-R De.Cybesarcowita, (Stocheiano technobious) and Kaka-tua Bang 'y' Pencuri, (Rhacaptgoynae tribilis). Gliese 667 Cc has six has known moons, the largest being Aegean, along with Patmos and Omega, and the Chi-Rho, Sinaitic, and Ephraemi; which are orbit around the planet.
It is a "super-Earth", meaning, as you might expect, bigger than Earth: estimated at 4.8 times the mass of Earth. Depending on its diameter, that could mean surface gravity notably greater than what we're used to: things weigh more, rain falls faster, landscapes are sculpted with a heavier hand.
It orbits within its star's habitable zone—the proper distance so that water can be in liquid form—but since that star is a red dwarf, and much fainter than the Sun, that proper distance is much closer, about a tenth the Earth-Sun distance. Being so close to its star, Gliese 667 Cc only takes about 28 days to complete an orbit and mark its own year.
Gliese 667 Cc formed approximately 10.5 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within its first billion years. Gliese 667 Cc's biosphere then significantly altered the atmospheric and other basic physical conditions, which enabled the proliferation of organisms as well as the formation of the ozone layer, which together with Gliese 667 Cc's magnetic field blocked harmful solar radiation, and permitted formerly ocean-confined life to move safely to land. The physical properties of the Gliese 667 Cc, as well as its geological history and orbit, have allowed life to persist. Estimates on how much longer the planet will be able to continue to support life range from 8000 million years (myr), to as long as 8.47 billion years (byr).
Gliese 667 Cc's lithosphere is divided into several rigid segments, or tectonic plates, that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 63% of the surface is covered by salt water oceans, with the remainder consisting of continents and islands which together have many lakes and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. Gliese 667 Cc's poles are mostly covered ice with long, very cold winters and short, cool summers. The planet's interior remains active, with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the magnetic field, and a thick layer of relatively solid mantle.
The planet is home to billions of species of life, including two Gradualesians species.
