Gojong of the Korean Empire

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Gojong
고종
高宗
Emperor of Korea

Emperor Gwangmu of the Korean Empire
Reign 13 December 1863 – 21 January 1907 (&1000000000000004300000043 years, &1000000000000003900000039 days)
Coronation 13 December 1863(1863-12-13) (aged 11)
Born 8 September 1852(1852-09-08)
Birthplace Unhyeon Palace
Died 21 January 1919(1919-01-21) (aged 66)
Place of death Deoksu Palace
Buried Hongneung
Predecessor Cheoljong of Joseon
Successor Sunjong of Korea
Consort Empress Myeongseong
Offspring Sunjong of Korea,
Prince Imperial Ui,
Crown Prince Euimin,
Deokhye, Princess of Korea
Royal House House of Yi
Father Heungseon Daewongun
Mother Lady Yeoheung
Korean name
Hangul 고종 광무제 (short 고종)
Hanja 高宗光武帝 (short 高宗)
Revised Romanization Gojong Gwangmuje (short Gojong)
McCune–Reischauer Kojong Kwangmuje (short Kojong)
Birth name
Hangul 이명복
Hanja 李命福
Revised Romanization I Myeong-bok
McCune–Reischauer Yi Myŏng-bok
King Kojong (later Emperor Gwangmu) in 1884. Photo by Percival Lowell

Gojong (Hangul: 고종; Hanja: 高宗; RR: Gojong; MR: Kojong), the Emperor Gwangmu (Hangul: 광무제; Hanja: 光武帝; RR: Gwangmuje; MR: Kwangmuje; 8 September 1852 – 21 January 1919) was the twenty-sixth king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty and the first emperor of the Korean Empire.

Contents

[edit] Family

  • Father: Heungseon, Prince of the Great Court (흥선대원군)
  • Mother: Yeoheung, Princess Consort to the Prince of the Great Court, of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥부대부인 민씨)
  • Consorts:
  1. Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan (명성황후 민씨,[1] 19 October 1851 – 8 October 1895)
  2. Honorable Princess Consort of the Eom clan[2][3] (귀비 엄씨, 5 January 1854 – 20 July 1911)
  3. Lee Gwi-in of the Yeongbo Hall (영보당귀인 이씨, 1847–1928)
  4. Jang Gwi-in (귀인 장씨)
  5. Lee Gwi-in[4] of the Gwanghwa Hall (광화당귀인 이씨, 1887–1970)
  6. Jeong Gwi-in of the Bohyeon Hall (보현당귀인 정씨)
  7. Yang Gwi-in of the Boknyeong Hall (복녕당귀인 양씨, 1882–1929)
  8. Lee Gwi-in of the Naean Hall (내안당귀인 이씨)
  9. Lady Kim[5] of the Samchuk Hall (삼축당상궁 김씨, 1890–1972) - No Issue
  10. Lady Kim of the Jeonghwa Hall (정화당상궁 김씨, 1871–?) - No Issue
  11. Lady Yeom (상궁 염씨)
  12. Lady Seo (상궁 서씨) - No Issue
  13. Lady Kim[6] (상궁 김씨) - No Issue
  • Issue:
  1. Unnamed Prince (1871[7]), 1st Son of Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan.
  2. Crown Prince of the Empire, (황태자 25 March 1874 – 24 April 1926), 2nd Son of Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan. - Gojong's 3rd son.
  3. Unnamed Prince (1875[8]), 3rd Son of Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan.
  4. Unnamed Prince (1878[9]), 4th Son of Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan.
  5. Crown Prince Euimin (의민태자,[10] 20 October 1897 – 1 May 1970), Only Son of Honorable Princess Consort of the Eom clan. - Gojong's seventh son. He married Princess Masako Nashimotonomiya of Japan, a daughter of Prince Morimasa Nashimotonomiya of Japan.
  6. Prince Wanhwa (완화군,[11] 16 April 1868 – 12 January 1880), Only Son of Lee Gwi-in of the Yeongbo Hall. - Gojong's first son.
  7. Prince Euihwa (의화군,[12] 30 March 1877 – August 1955), Only Son of Jang Gwi-in. - Gojong's 5th son. He married Kim Su-deok (who became Princess Deogin), daughter of Baron Kim Sa-jun.
  8. Yi Yook, Prince of the Empire (이육, 1914–1915[13]), Only Son of Lee Gwi-in of the Gwanghwa Hall.
  9. Yi Woo, Prince of the Empire (이우, 1915–1916), Only Son of Jeong Gwi-in of the Bohyeon Hall.
  10. Unnamed Princess (1873[14]), Only Daughter of Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan.
  11. Unnamed Princess, Only Daughter of Lee Gwi-in of the Yeongbo Hall.
  12. Princess Deokhye (덕혜옹주, 25 May 1912 – 11 April 1989), Only Daughter of Yang Gwi-in of the Boknyeong Hall. - Gojong's 4th daughter. She married Count Takeyuki Sō, a Japanese nobleman of Tsushima.
  13. Unnamed Princess, Only Daughter of Lee Gwi-in of the Naean Hall.
  14. Yi Mun-yong, Princess of the Empire (이문용, 1900–1987), Only Daughter of Lady Yeom.

[edit] Titles

  • The Lord Yi Myeong-bok (Jaehwang) (李命福 이명복 Yi Myeong-bok), the second son of Prince Heungseon, a great-great-grandson of Yeongjo (1852–1863)
  • His Majesty King Gojong of Korea (1863–1897)
  • His Imperial Majesty Emperor Gwangmu of Korea (大韓帝國光武大皇帝陛下 대한제국광무대황제폐하 Daehan Jeguk Gwangmu Daehwangje Pyeha) (1897–1907)
  • His Imperial Majesty The Emperor Emeritus of Korea (大韓帝國太皇帝陛下 대한제국태황제폐하 Daehan Jeguk Taehwangje Pyeha) (1907–1910), after his abdication by force of the Japanese government.
    • His Majesty The King Emeritus Yi of Korea (德壽宮李太王殿下 덕수궁이태왕전하 Deoksugung Yi Taewang Jeonha) (1910–1919), a demoted title given by the Japanese government on the annexation of Korea, ignored in Korea

[edit] Honours

[15]

[edit] His era name

[edit] During the Joseon

  1. Gaeguk (開國, 개국 : used for the reign of King Gojong 1894 - 1895)
  2. Geonyang (建陽, 건양 : used for the reign of King Gojong 1896 - 1897)

[edit] During the Korean Empire

  1. Gwangmu (광무; 光武; "Bright Valour") - used for the reign of Emperor Gojong, 1897–1907

[edit] His full posthumous name

  • His Imperial Majesty Emperor Gojong Tongcheon Yung-un Jogeuk Donyun Jeongseong Gwang-ui Myeonggong Daedeok Yojun Sunhwi Umo Tanggyeong Eungmyeong Ripgi Jihwa Sinryeol Oehun Hong-eop Gyegi Seonryeok Geonhaeng Gonjeong Yeong-ui Honghyu Sugang Munheon Mujang Inik Jeonghyo of Korea
  • 대한제국고종통천융운조극돈윤정성광의명공대덕요준순휘우모탕경응명립기지화신렬외훈홍업계기선력건행곤정영의홍휴수강문헌무장인익정효황제폐하
  • 大韓帝國高宗統天隆運肇極敦倫正聖光義明功大德堯峻舜徽禹謨湯敬應命立紀至化神烈巍勳洪業啓基宣曆乾行坤定英毅弘休壽康文憲武章仁翼貞孝皇帝陛下
  • Daehan Jeguk Gojong Tongcheon Yung-un Jogeuk Donyun Jeongseong Gwang-ui Myeonggong Daedeok Yojun Sunhwi Umo Tanggyeong Eungmyeong Ripgi Jihwa Sinryeol Oehun Hong-eop Gyegi Seonryeok Geonhaeng Gonjeong Yeong-ui Honghyu Sugang Munheon Mujang Inik Jeonghyo Hwangje Pyeha

[edit] See also

Gojong of the Korean Empire
Born: 25 July 1852 Died: 21 January 1919
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Cheoljong		 King of Korea
1863–1897		 became Emperor
Title dissolved
New title
Empire declared
 Emperor of Korea
1897–1907		 Abdication forced by Japan
Succeeded by
Yunghui Emperor

[edit] References

  1. ^ She is given the posthumous title of 태황후 Taehwanghu
  2. ^ She is given the posthumous title of 순헌황귀비 (Sunheon Hwang-Gwi-bi "Sunheon, Imperial Concubine of the Highest Rank")
  3. ^ Her whole name is Eom Seon-yeong (엄선영), daughter of Eom Jin-sam (엄진삼) and Jeung Chan-jeong (증찬정)
  4. ^ Her whole name is Lee Wan-heung (이완흥)
  5. ^ Her whole name is Kim Ok-gi (김옥기)
  6. ^ Her whole name is Kim Chung-yeon (김충연)
  7. ^ He only lived for 4 days)
  8. ^ He only lived for 14 days (about 2 weeks)
  9. ^ He only lived for 105 days (about 3 months, 2 weeks, 1 day)
  10. ^ During the Korean Empire, he is named "Prince Yeong of the Empire" (영친왕)
  11. ^ During the Korean Empire, he is posthumously named as "Prince Wan of the Empire" (완친왕)
  12. ^ During the Korean Empire, he is named "Prince Ui of the Empire" (의친왕)
  13. ^ Others say that he lived 1906–1908
  14. ^ She only lived for 222 days (about 7 months, 1 week, 5 days)
  15. ^ http://www.royalark.net/Korea/korea8.htm

[edit] External links

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