Grand Central – 42nd Street (New York City Subway)

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Grand Central – 42nd Street     New York City Subway rapid transit station complex
Station statistics
Address	East 42nd Street & Park Avenue New York, NY 10017
Borough	Manhattan
Locale	Midtown Manhattan
Coordinates	40°45′8.22″N 73°58′39.07″W / 40.7522833°N 73.9775194°W / 40.7522833; -73.9775194Coordinates: 40°45′8.22″N 73°58′39.07″W / 40.7522833°N 73.9775194°W / 40.7522833; -73.9775194
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT 42nd Street Shuttle IRT Flushing Line IRT Lexington Avenue Line
Services	4  (all times)      5  (all except late nights)      6  (all times) <6>(weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)      7  (all times) <7>(weekdays until 10:00 p.m., peak direction)      S  (all except late nights)
Connection	New York City Bus: BxM1, M42, M98, M101, M102, M103, M104 Metro-North Railroad at Grand Central Terminal
Structure	Underground
Levels	3
Other information
Accessible	(all lines except 42nd Street Shuttle)
Traffic
Passengers (2008)	44.601 million[1][2] ▲ 3.77%
Rank	2 out of 422
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops in station at all times Stops all times except late nights Stops late nights only Stops late nights and weekends only Stops weekdays only Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction Stops all times except weekdays Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Station is closed (Details about time periods)

Grand Central – 42nd Street is a major station complex of the New York City Subway. Located in Midtown Manhattan at the intersection of Park Avenue and 42nd Street, with parts of the station extending east to Lexington Avenue, it is the second busiest station in the system, with 44,600,738 passengers in 2008.^[1] (The 42nd Street – Times Square/Port Authority Bus Terminal station complex has more riders.) It serves trains on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4, 5 and 6 services), the IRT Flushing Line (7 service) and the 42nd Street Shuttle, making it an all-IRT transfer point. The subway station lies next to and beneath Grand Central Terminal, which serves all Metro-North Railroad lines east of the Hudson River.

[edit] IRT 42nd Street Shuttle platforms

Grand Central New York City Subway rapid transit station
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT 42nd Street Shuttle
Services	S  (all except late nights)
Platforms	2 island platforms
Tracks	3
Other information
Opened	October 27, 1904[3]
Station succession
Next north	Times Square – 42nd Street: S
Next south	Tracks 3 and 4: (Terminal) Track 1: 33rd Street (no regular service)
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops in station at all times Stops all times except late nights Stops late nights only Stops late nights and weekends only Stops weekdays only Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction Stops all times except weekdays Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Station is closed (Details about time periods)

The Grand Central shuttle platforms date from the original IRT subway, opened in 1904. The station was an express stop with two island platforms between the local and express tracks.

The present configuration of the shuttle has three tracks coming into the station; the old southbound express track was removed. There is no connection between the northbound local track (Track 4) and the other two. Island platforms are located between both pairs of tracks; the southernmost platform is wide, covering the area where the southbound express track (track 2) had been located. The two platforms connect directly, as tracks 3 and 4 terminate at stopping blocks. The south track (track 1) merges with the southbound local track of the Lexington Avenue Line. This merge is used to supply rolling stock to Tracks 1 & 3 of the shuttle line (via a manual switch just west of station to Track 3), and occasionally during special railfan excursions. The other three original tracks followed similar paths until the Lexington Avenue Line was extended north, turning this part of the line into a shuttle.

The Public Service Commission planned a new platform for the shuttle, and ending close to the Lexington Avenue Line station. The platform was constructed, but it was never used. The wall and roof of the old subway were removed at the curve just south of the old Grand Central station, and trackways were built continuing east under 42nd Street, to bring those two tracks into the new station, which was a narrow island platform between the two tracks. The unused trackways of the proposed shuttle platform was covered with wooden flooring, and the width of the station was finished up as a passageway between the Lexington Avenue Line and Shuttle stations. The wooden flooring in the unused station platform was replaced by concrete in 1946. The space of the proposed platform is now used as a walkway that continues to the Lexington Avenue Line station.

The former downtown express track between this station and Times Square – 42nd Street was removed in 1975.

This station was used in a famous scene in the 1971 film The French Connection, as well as an episode of Fringe and an episode of 30 Rock (filling in for Rockefeller Center Station).

[edit] IRT Flushing Line platform

Grand Central   New York City Subway rapid transit station
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT Flushing Line
Services	7  (all times) <7>(weekdays until 10:00 p.m., peak direction)
Platforms	1 island platform
Tracks	2
Other information
Opened	June 22, 1915
Accessible	(transfer to 42nd Street Shuttle not accessible)
Station succession
Next north	Vernon Boulevard – Jackson Avenue: 7  <7>
Next south	Fifth Avenue – Bryant Park: 7  <7>
Next north	Woodside – 61st Street: 7  <7>
Next south	Times Square – 42nd Street: 7  <7>
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops in station at all times Stops all times except late nights Stops late nights only Stops late nights and weekends only Stops weekdays only Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction Stops all times except weekdays Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Station is closed (Details about time periods)

Grand Central on the Flushing Line has a single island platform.

There is a large round ceiling, making the station similar to the London Underground, Paris Metro and systems in Eastern Europe. Along the platforms are stairs and escalators to other lines and to a mezzanine and passageways under the Grand Central Terminal concourse. Exits and entrances are located at the center, west and east ends of the platform. There is an ADA-accessible elevator toward the west end. A newsstand/snack shop is located on the platform towards the east end.

[edit] IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms

42nd Street – Grand Central   New York City Subway rapid transit station
Closeup of tiles
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT Lexington Avenue Line
Services	4  (all times)      5  (all except late nights)      6  (all times) <6>(weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)
Platforms	2 island platforms
Tracks	4
Other information
Opened	July 17, 1918
Accessible	(transfer to 42nd Street Shuttle not accessible)
Station succession
Next north	51st Street (local): 4  6  <6> 59th Street (express): 4  5
Next south	33rd Street (local): 4  6  <6> 14th Street – Union Square (express): 4  5
Next north	51st Street (local): 4  6  <6> 125th Street (express): 4  5
Next south	Canal Street (local): 4  6  <6> Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall (express): 4  5
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops in station at all times Stops all times except late nights Stops late nights only Stops late nights and weekends only Stops weekdays only Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction Stops all times except weekdays Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Station is closed (Details about time periods)

42nd Street – Grand Central on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line was also known as the Diagonal Station at time of construction, being oriented 45° from the street grid. It has two island platforms, one on each side between the local and express tracks, and includes a crossover and a crossunder. The columns and beams here are massive, in order to support part of Grand Central Terminal and the office towers next to it.

"Step aside" tiles on the platform

Wall mosaic

On one wall, there is a stylized steam locomotive mosaic. The northbound platform's side wall includes tile depicting a big passageway; the first room, as seen from the platform, has doors to a second room which appears to be a mechanical room. There is a correctly oriented compass rose inlaid on the floor of the mezzanine.

The southbound local track south of the station merges into the original downtown local track from the IRT 42nd Street Shuttle. The track was part of the original four-track IRT subway. This track is now used for moving trains to and from the shuttle and for launching railfan trips from the shuttle tracks. This was the only track that is preserved.

Just south of the station, the tracks split, with two on each side of the 1870 New York and Harlem Railroad Murray Hill Tunnel (now used for automobile traffic).

The Grand Central complex is home to the master tower which controls the entire Lexington Avenue Line, located south of the Lexington Avenue Line platforms.

The uptown tracks are about ten feet below the original grade at the point where they turn off. The old uptown express and local trackways that used to lead to the IRT 42nd Street Shuttle is visible from the uptown local track. As the alignment of the original trackways curves into the old Grand Central station on the IRT 42nd Street Shuttle, it passes through the rebuilt area for the proposed Grand Central station shuttle platform. From the public passageway, none of the original support columns and roof are visible, since they were removed in exactly this area to open the way for the unused shuttle station. The 3 unused trackways from the IRT 42nd Street Shuttle are still in place, just south of this station.

The New York City Transit Authority had a scheme in the early 1950s to make a lower level to the station, also of four tracks. It would tap into the express tracks beyond the station and be used as an intermediate terminal stop for certain lines. There is room between the station and the Flushing Line for such a new level.

[edit] The complex

1918 plan

An east-west passageway connects the mezzanine, above the Flushing Line and Lexington Avenue Line platforms, to the 42nd Street Shuttle and has numerous exits into Grand Central Terminal, to the street level and directly into several buildings along 42nd Street.

The station has undergone various recent renovations, but some of the passages still require repair or renovation. At the same time, a project was ongoing to air cool the station in conjunction with Metro-North Railroad's project to cool Grand Central Terminal. However, as of 2006, only the Lexington Avenue Line station is air-cooled, making it the only artificially cooled station in the New York City Subway. The Flushing Line platforms have been equipped with fans but not an air cooling system.

Original plans for PATH (at that time the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad) had it extending north and east from its current northern terminal at 33rd Street/6th Avenue to Grand Central. Space was left for the platforms and line, but it was never built.

Except for the 42nd Street Shuttle (which is inaccessible at its other station at Times Square), the whole station is handicapped accessible, as is the connection to Grand Central Terminal (see Metro-North Railroad accessibility).

[edit] Relative depths

• Metro-North Railroad upper level, 20 feet below street
• 42nd Street Shuttle, 20 feet
• Lexington Avenue Line, 50 feet
• Metro-North Railroad lower level, 60 feet
• Flushing Line, 80 feet

[edit] IRT Third Avenue Line transfers

For a while, free transfers were provided between the subway station and 42nd Street on the elevated IRT Third Avenue Line. This started on June 14, 1942, the day after the IRT Second Avenue Line, which provided access to Queensboro Plaza and the IRT Flushing Line, was closed. The Third Avenue Line closed on May 12, 1955, rendering the transfer obsolete.^[4]

[edit] References

Entering the subway from the new Grand Central Terminal, 1912

[edit] External links

• nycsubway.org — IRT East Side Line: Grand Central
• nycsubway.org — IRT Flushing Line: Grand Central
• nycsubway.org — IRT Shuttle: Grand Central
• Station Reporter — Grand Central Complex
• Abandoned Stations — Proposed Grand Central shuttle platform (includes a track diagram)
• MTA's Arts For Transit — Grand Central – 42nd Street