Guildhall
A guildhall, or guild hall, is a building historically used by guilds for meetings and other purposes. It is also the official or colloquial name for many of these specific buildings, now often used as town halls or museums.
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[edit] Guildhalls in the Low Countries
The Low Countries used to have guildhalls in every city, often one gildenhuis (Dutch, literally "guild house") for each trade. They were often elaborate, ornate buildings, demonstrating the guild's status. Occasionally a single hall would be used by all the city's guilds.[1]
The guildhall was used as the offices of the deken (deacon) and other guild officers, and for meetings by the overlieden (board of directors). The guild members would occasionally be called to the guildhall for meetings on important matters.[2][3]
In Amsterdam, every guildhall had its gildeknecht (guild servant), often the guild's youngest member, and was guarded by a gildehond (guild dog). Every evening, the guild brothers gathered in the tavern room of the guildhall to discuss the events of the day while the gildeknecht served beer. Once a year, the guildmen would gather in the guildhall for a communal meal.[2]
The guildhall of the merchants' guild also served as de facto commodity market. Therefore, there was no need in the Middle Ages for a separate building for this purpose.[2]
In the Low Countries, each guildhall was marked by the coat of arms of that guild, hanging from the facade of the building. Occasionally, the coat of arms was replaced with a gable stone depicting a member of the guild, surrounded by the tools of his trade.[4]
[edit] Lists of guildhalls
[edit] Belgium
- The Round Table (or Tafelrond, in Dutch) in Leuven. Designed 1479 by Matheus de Layens, guildhall built 1480-1487 internally comprising 3 houses, demolished 1817, reconstructed following original plans 1921. The old building's meeting rooms had been let to the guilds; the new had been in use by a bank and became a personal private property.[5][6]
- House The Salmon (or De Zalm, in Dutch) in Mechelen. Built ca. 1530 in early Renaissance style by architect Willem van Wechtere for the prosperous fishermen's guild, it is one of the city's finest historical houses. The artist Willem Geets (1839–1919) used to live there. In the mid-20th century it became city property and held a museum, then the Tourist Information Office, and later again a museum.[7]
[edit] United Kingdom
- Bath Guildhall
- Blakeney Guildhall
- Boston Guildhall
- Cambridge Guildhall
- Chester Guildhall
- Chichester Guildhall
- Derry Guildhall
- Exeter Guildhall
- Guildford Guildhall
- High Wycombe Guildhall
- Hull Guildhall
- Kingston upon Thames Guildhall
- Leicester Guildhall
- London Guildhall, headquarters of the Corporation of London
- Middlesex Guildhall, Westminster, home to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
- Much Wenlock Guildhall
- Newport Guildhall, a timber-framed building dating from 1540
- Northampton Guildhall
- Norwich Guildhall, built in 1410
- Oxford Guildhall (1292–1752), replaced by Oxford Town Hall
- Portsmouth Guildhall
- Rochester Guildhall
- Southampton Guildhall, City Hall and events venue in Southampton, Hampshire
- Swansea Guildhall
- Totnes Guildhall
- Windsor Guildhall, location of the wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
- York Guildhall
[edit] See also
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[edit] References
- ^ The Dutch term 'gildehuis', 'gildenhuis' on Dictionarist(TM) translated to English
- ^ a b c Johannes Gouw, De gilden: eene bijdrage tot de geschiedenis van het volksleven. Portielje & Zoon, 1866, p.38 (Dutch)
- ^ Otto van Rees, Geschiedenis der staathuishoudkunde in Nederland tot het einde der achttiende eeuw, Kemink, 1865, p. 121 (Dutch)
- ^ Jacob Lennep & Johannes Gouw, De uithangteekens in verband met geschiedenis en volksleven beschouwd. Gebroeders Kraay, 1868, p. 137 (Dutch)
- ^ "The round table (tafelrond)". http://site.raadskelders.net:5223/kiosk/tafelrondeng.php. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ "Leuven architecture and sculptures (brochure)" (Pdf). City of Leuven (Tourism Leuven). http://www.leuven.be/en/binaries/architectuurensculpturen_tcm20-26725.pdf. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ De Zalm: thuis voor de Besloten Hofjes (in Dutch)
