HMS Hornet (1893)
 HMS Hornet 1893 |
|
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Builder: | Yarrow & Company, Poplar, London |
| Cost: | £ 36,112[1] |
| Laid down: | 1 July 1892[1] |
| Launched: | 23 December 1893[2] |
| Completed: | July 1894[1] |
| Fate: | Sold 12 October 1909 for scrapping.[3] |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Displacement: | 240 long tons (240 t) light 275 long tons (279 t) full load |
| Length: | 185 ft (56 m) oa 180 ft (55 m) pp |
| Beam: | 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m) |
| Draught: | 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) |
| Propulsion: | 2 shafts Triple expansion engines 8 Yarrow water tube boilers 2,700 ihp (2,000 kW)[4] |
| Speed: | 27 kn (50 km/h; 31 mph)[4] |
| Range: | 47 tons of coal carried |
| Complement: | 46[4] |
| Armament: | 1× 12-pounder gun 3× 6-pounder guns 3× torpedo tubes (2 later removed)[2] |
HMS Hornet was a Havock-class torpedo boat destroyer of the British Royal Navy.
Design and construction [edit]
In April 1892, the British Admiralty sent out a request to several shipbuilders for designs and tenders for "large sea going torpedo boats", or what later became known as "Torpedo Boat Destroyers".[5][6] In July 1892, it was decided to place an order with the two specialised torpedo-boat builders, Yarrows and Thornycroft for two ships each, with Yarrows' two ships named HMS Havock and Hornet. While both Yarrow ships were powered by triple-expansion steam engines driving two shafts, they differed in the boilers used, with Havock using two conventional locomotive-type fire-tube boilers while Hornet used eight water tube boilers. (This resulted in Havock having two funnels while Hornet was fitted with four funnels).[7] Gun armament consisted of a single 12 pounder (3 in (76 mm)) gun, three 6 pounder (57 mm) guns, while torpedo armament consisted of three 18 in (457 mm) torpedo tubes, with one fixed bow tube and two deck mounted tubes,[2] with the two deck-mounted tubes in a single rotating mounting, pointing in opposite directions, so that enemies on either beam could be attacked at the same time.[8]
History [edit]
Hornet was laid down at Yarrow's Poplar, London yard on 1 July 1892.[1] Hornet's water tube boilers meant that it took longer to build than Havock, launching on 23 December 1893 and completed in July 1894.[2] The ship's performance during trials was generally successful, with only slight vibration noted and the ship steering well,[9] and a speed of 27.6 knots (51.1 km/h; 31.8 mph) being reached.[4][nb 1]
Hornet served almost all her service life in Home waters, although she did serve briefly in the Mediterranean in 1900.[3] Hornet's bow structure was strengthened in 1901.[11] While the bow torpedo tube was found to be of little use, as it adversely affected seakeeping and restricted space forward, with fears that the ship could over-run a torpedo fired from the bow tube,[12][13] Hornet retained the bow tube, while the two deck mounted tubes were removed by 1902.[2][14] A survey in February 1909 found that Hornet's hull was in poor condition, with buckling of the hull plating and estimated repair costs of £4050.[15] She was sold on 12 October 1909 for scrapping.[3]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c d e Lyon 2001, p. 53.
- ^ a b c d e Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 90.
- ^ a b c Lyon 2001, p. 56.
- ^ a b c d Manning 1961, p. 35.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 17.
- ^ Brown 2003, p. 137.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 53–55.
- ^ Friedman 2009, p. 41.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 55.
- ^ Burt 1986, p. 6.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 114.
- ^ Manning 1961, pp. 34–35.
- ^ Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 91.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 100.
- ^ Lyon 2001, p. 115.
- Brown, D. K. (2003). Warrior to Dreadnought: Warship Development 1860–1905. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN 1-86067-5292 Check
|isbn=value (help). - Burt, R. A. (1986). Warships Illustrated No 7: British Destroyers in World War One. London: Arms & Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-753-6.
- Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8. OCLC 67375475.
- Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Lyon, David (1996). The First Destroyers. Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-84067-364-8.
- Lyon, David (2001). The First Destroyers. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN 1-84067-364-8.
- Manning, T. D. (1961). The British Destroyer. London: Putnam.
- A history of her class
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