Hannibal Lecter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Hannibal Tetralogy character | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter | |
| Birth name | Hannibal Lecter VIII |
| D.O.B. | January 20, 1933 (1936 in film)[1] |
| Titles | Dr. Hannibal Lecter M.D. / Count Hannibal Lecter VIII |
| Aliases | Lloyd Wyman Dr. Fell Mr. Closter |
| Nicknames | Hannibal the Cannibal The Chesapeake Ripper |
| Gender | Male |
| Nationality | Lithuanian (Country of Birth/Father), Italian (Mother), French (Citezenship) |
| Race | Caucasian |
| Ancestry | Lithuanian nobility (Paternal) Italian nobility (Maternal) |
| Relatives | Mischa Lecter (Sister) Count Robert Lecter (Uncle) Lady Murasaki (Aunt-by-marriage) |
| Romance | Lady Murasaki, Clarice Starling |
| M.O. | Cannibalism and Torture |
| Victims | 29+ |
| Occupation(s) | Forensic Psychiatrist |
| Education | Paris, France (M.D.)
Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland (Psychiatry Residency Training) |
| Created by | Thomas Harris |
| Portrayed by: | Brian Cox - Manhunter Anthony Hopkins - The Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal, Red Dragon Gaspard Ulliel - Hannibal Rising Aaran Thomas - Hannibal Rising (child) |
Hannibal Lecter, M.D. is a fictional character in a series of novels by author Thomas Harris. Lecter is introduced in the thriller novel Red Dragon as a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. This novel and its sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, feature Lecter as one of two primary antagonists. In the third novel, Hannibal, Lecter becomes the main character. His role as protagonist occurs in the fourth novel, Hannibal Rising, which explores his childhood and development into a serial killer. Lecter's character also appears in all five film adaptations.
The first movie, Manhunter, was loosely based on Red Dragon, and features Brian Cox as Lecter, spelled as "Lecktor". In 2002, a second adaptation of Red Dragon was made under the original title, featuring Anthony Hopkins, who had previously played Lecter in the motion pictures The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal. Hopkins won an Academy Award for his performance of the character in The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 despite the fact that he only appeared on screen for 16 minutes in the entire film. In 2003, Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) was voted by The American Film Institute to be the most memorable villain in film history.[2]
Contents |
[edit] Origin and development
Thomas Harris has given few interviews, and has never explained where he got inspiration for Hannibal Lecter, but in a documentary for Hannibal Rising, Lecter's early murders were said by the filmmakers, to be based on murders that Harris had covered when he was a crime scene reporter in the 1960s.
In 1992, Harris also paid a visit to the ongoing trials of Pietro Pacciani, who was suspected of being the serial killer nicknamed the "Monster of Florence". Parts of the killer's modus operandi were used as reference for the novel Hannibal, which was released in 1999.
According to David Sexton, author of The Strange World of Thomas Harris: Inside the Mind of the Creator of Hannibal Lecter, Harris once told a librarian in Cleveland, Mississippi, that Lecter was inspired by William Coyne, a local murderer who had escaped from prison in 1934 and gone on a rampage that included acts of murder and cannibalism.
Red Dragon firmly states that Lecter does not fit any known psychological profile. However, Lecter's keeper Frederick Chilton claims that Lecter is a "pure sociopath." Lecter's pathology is explored in greater detail in Hannibal and Hannibal Rising, which explain that he was irreparably traumatized as a child in Lithuania in 1944 when he witnessed the murder and consumption of his beloved younger sister, Mischa, by Lithuanian Hilfswillige. One of the Hilfswillige members also claims that Lecter unwittingly ate his sister as well.
[edit] Appearance
Hannibal Lecter is described in the novels as being small and sleek, and with wiry strength in his arms.[3] In The Silence of the Lambs it is revealed that Lecter's left hand has the condition called mid ray duplication polydactyly, i.e. a duplicated middle finger.[4] In Hannibal, he has plastic surgery performed on his face and has his extra digit removed.
Lecter's eyes are a shade of maroon, and reflect the light in "pinpoints of red".[5] He is also said to have small white teeth[6] and dark, slicked-back hair.
[edit] In literature
Hannibal Lecter is introduced in the 1981 novel Red Dragon. He is a brilliant psychiatrist who is incarcerated after he is revealed to be a cannibalistic serial killer. Red Dragon depicts FBI Special Agent Will Graham consulting Lecter to catch serial killer Francis Dolarhyde, known only to law enforcement and media by the pseudonyms "The Tooth Fairy" and later, "The Dragon." It is revealed that Graham originally captured Lecter; while consulting Lecter on a series of murders, Graham realizes that Lecter is the killer upon seeing the diagram "Wound Man" in his office — and remembers that the killer had inflicted identical wounds on one of the victims. As Graham goes to contact the police, Lecter attacks him with a linoleum knife, nearly disemboweling him. Years later, after receiving a letter from Dolarhyde, Lecter sends Graham's home address to the murderer via a coded letter. Dolarhyde later attacks Graham and his family at home, disfiguring Graham before being shot dead by Graham's wife.
Lecter appears in the 1988 sequel to Red Dragon, The Silence of the Lambs, where he assists a rookie FBI agent named Clarice Starling in catching a serial killer known only as "Buffalo Bill". Lecter and Starling form an unusual relationship in which he provides her with a profile of the killer and his modus operandi in exchange for details about her unhappy childhood. Lecter later stages a dramatic, bloody escape from captivity and disappears.
Following the success of The Silence of the Lambs and the immense popularity of the character, Harris wrote a third Lecter novel titled Hannibal, which was released in 1999 and took place seven years after the end of Silence of the Lambs. At the start of the novel, Lecter is residing in Florence, Italy, while Mason Verger, one of his surviving victims, attempts to capture him, intending to feed him to his pigs. Fleeing Verger's Sardinian henchmen, Lecter returns to the United States but is subsequently captured by them, only to be rescued by Starling. Lecter overpowers Starling and, using drugs and hypnosis, attempts to transform her into the emotional image of his long-dead sister; Starling resists, however, and instead becomes his lover. They then elope to Argentina.
In 2006, Harris wrote a prequel to the Lecter books entitled Hannibal Rising. Harris undertook the project after Dino De Laurentiis (owner of the cinematic rights to the Lecter character since Manhunter) announced that he was going to make a film (with or without Harris' help) depicting Lecter's childhood and development into a serial killer. Harris also wrote the film's screenplay. The story explains that Lecter is born into an aristocratic family in Lithuania in 1933, and that he and his little sister Mischa are orphaned in 1944 when invading German and Soviet forces storm the family estate. Shortly thereafter, Lecter and Mischa are captured by a band of Nazi deserters, who murder and cannibalize Mischa before her brother's eyes. The death of his beloved sister is extremely traumatic for Lecter, rendering him temporarily mute and sparking his fixation with cannibalism. Lecter escapes from the deserters and takes up residence in an orphanage until he is adopted by his uncle Robert and his Japanese wife, Lady Murasaki. As Lecter grows into a young man he forms a close, pseudo-romantic relationship with the widowed Murasaki and shows great intellectual aptitude, entering medical school at a young age. Despite his seemingly comfortable life, Lecter is consumed by a savage obsession with avenging Mischa's death. After gaining his first taste of murder (slaughtering a butcher who had publicly insulted Murasaki), Lecter methodically tracks down, tortures and murders each of the men who killed and ate his sister, in the process forsaking his relationship with Murasaki and seemingly losing all traces of his humanity. The novel ends with Lecter being accepted into the Johns Hopkins Medical Center. He enters Canada and kills the last of the deserters, a taxidermist, and is delivered to Johns Hopkins in the United States via train.
[edit] In film
Red Dragon was first adapted to film in 1986 as the Michael Mann film Manhunter. For reasons unknown, the filmmakers changed the spelling of Lecter's name to "Lecktor," who was portrayed by Scottish actor Brian Cox. In 1991, Orion Pictures produced a Jonathan Demme-directed film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, in which Lecter was played by Welsh actor Anthony Hopkins. Hopkins' Academy Award-winning performance made Lecter into a cultural icon. Hopkins' Lecter remains the shortest lead role ever to win an Academy Award for Best Actor, appearing in the movie for a total of only about sixteen and a half minutes. In 2001, Hannibal was adapted to film, with Hopkins reprising his role. The ending for the film was changed from the novel due to the controversy that the novel's ending generated upon its release in 1999: in the film adaptation, Starling attempts to apprehend Lecter, instead of them eloping to Argentina. In the film, Lecter escapes from Starling's custody after cutting off his own hand to free himself from her handcuffs.
In 2002, Red Dragon was adapted to film again under its original title Red Dragon instead of the previous title of Manhunter with Hopkins once again as Lecter and Edward Norton as Will Graham.
In late 2006, the script for the film Hannibal Rising was adapted to novel format. The novel was written to explain Lecter's development into a serial killer. In the film, the young Lecter is portrayed by Gaspard Ulliel. Both the novel and the film received generally negative critical reception.[7]
[edit] In other media
Hannibal Lecter has often been the subject of parodies and references in general media. In addition to making an appearance in MAD magazine, Hannibal Lecter has been the subject of parody for several animated television series such as The Simpsons, the Nickelodeon program Fairly OddParents, Good Eats, Addams Family Values, South Park and Kevin Smith's Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back, most of these parodies feature the character wearing Hannibal's infamous mask. The character has even been parodied in a musical, entitled SILENCE! The Musical. In 1992, Billy Crystal, while hosting the 64th Academy Awards, made his entrance in mask and straight jacket as Hannibal Lecter. In the 1993 comedy National Lampoon's Loaded Weapon 1, F. Murray Abraham plays "Harold Leacher," a Lecter-like character, who, when questioned by the police officers played by Emilio Estevez and Samuel L. Jackson as to what human flesh tastes like, replies "Like chicken."
[edit] External links
- Hannibal Lecter at the Internet Movie Database
- Information about Hannibal Lecter, with a strong central focus on Manhunter (1986)
- Crime Library profile of Lecter
- Hannotations
- The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo
- The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo Forum
- Lecterphiles community on Livejournal
- NPR broadcast on Hannibal Lecter, M.D.
[edit] References
- ^ (see case file extras on DVD of Red Dragon)
- ^ "AFI's 100 Heroes & Villains". American Film Institute. June 2003. http://www.filmsite.org/afi100heroesvilla.html. Retrieved on 2007-02-12.
- ^ The Silence of the Lambs p.16, para. 2: "She could see that he was small, sleek, and in his hands and arms she saw wiry strength like her own".
- ^ Silence of the Lambs p.15, para. 2: "Dr. Lecter has six fingers on his left hand".
- ^ Silence of the Lambs p.16, para 4: "Dr. Lecter's eyes are maroon, and they reflect the light in pinpoints of red".
- ^ The Silence of the Lambs p.17, para. 4: "He tapped his small white teeth against the card and breathed in its smell".
- ^ Hannibal Rising at Rotten Tomatoes
|
|||||||||||||
